Bandeau

Keywords
(Related Items)

Africa: Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Eclipses in 1875. • Governors of colonies. • The eclipses of 1… • The german invasi…
agriculture: A night at the li… • Principal articles • Principal imports… • Society for the e…
alcohol: An accident that … • A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Exercises for tra… • Gems from dr. wot… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Portraits of odd … • Principal articles • Principal imports… • Sights which we h… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • Theseus and the m…
almanack: calendar, and cash account. • Memoranda for 1876 (leap year). • The eclipses of 1…
Americas: Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Eclipses in 1875. • Governors of colonies. • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The german invasi…
ancient languages and culture: A silver wedding.… • Our old rooms.cre… • Theseus and the m…
animals: A letter from bos… • A stanza by a sen… • Gems from dr. wot… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Principal articles • Royal society for… • She and i.credite… • The blighted one.… • Theseus and the m… • Thirty to-day.cre…
aphorisms anecdotes and epigrams: The andro-gynecæu…
aristocracy: Centenarians thor… • Lords lieutenant,… • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Prince of wales’s household. • Princess of wales’s household. • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • The german invasi… • The house of peers • The legislature. • The open hand.cre… • The queen’s household. • The royal family of england. • The year 1875 for… • To our dramatic c…
art: A night at the li… • Exhibitions, etc. • Our old rooms.cre… • Society for the e… • The year 1875 for… • To our dramatic c…
Asia: Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Governors of colonies. • The eclipses of 1…
astrology: The eclipses of 1…
astronomy: calendar, and cash account. • Eclipses in 1875. • General notes of the year 1875. • Memoranda for 1876 (leap year). • The eclipses of 1… • The spectre of th…
Australia: Governors of colonies. • Mirrigold’s pecul… • The blighted one.…
birds: A letter from bos… • Gems from dr. wot…
bohemianism: Our old rooms.cre… • Thirty to-day.cre…
Britain: Alphabetical list… • Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • A silver wedding.… • Exercises for tra… • Government offices and officers. • Gross public expe… • Gross public reve… • Lords lieutenant,… • Marine mutiny act. • mutiny act, 1874… • Officers of the house of commons. • Officers of the house of peers. • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Population of the… • Principal articles • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • Shipping • statistics of trade and commerce. • The andro-gynecæu… • The german invasi… • The house of commons. • The house of peers • The legislature. • The public funds. • Theseus and the m…
calendar: calendar, and cash account. • diary and memoranda. • Every day in the year 1875. • General notes of the year 1875. • Memoranda for 1876 (leap year). • Quarter-sessions. • The year 1875 for…
catastrophes: City of london. • Railway accidents. • Royal national life-boat institution. • Royal society for…
cats: She and i.credite… • The blighted one.…
cattle: Principal articles • Royal society for…
character: Portraits of odd …
charity: Consolations unde… • Government offices and officers. • legislation of 1… • London hospital s… • London hospital sunday fund. • Royal society for… • Royal society for… • School board for london. • Society for the e… • The open hand.cre… • The year 1875 for…
children: Centenarians thor… • Consolations unde… • Exercises for tra… • Factory inspection • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Peers who are min… • Population of the… • School board for london.
chronology: The year 1875 for…
class: A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Consolations unde… • Exercises for tra… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Our old rooms.cre… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The open hand.cre… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “resignation.”cre…
cloth: Love’s heat and c…
colonialism: City of london. • Government offices and officers. • Governors of colonies. • legislation of 1… • Marine mutiny act. • Mirrigold’s pecul… • mutiny act, 1874… • Post and transit. • Principal bankers… • Shipping • statistics of trade and commerce. • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The queen’s ministers.
columns: Alphabetical list… • Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Army agents in london. • Bank of england.*… • calendar, and cash account. • City of london. • Commercial and other stamps. • English courts of law. • Exhibitions, etc. • General notes of the year 1875. • Government offices and officers. • Governors of colonies. • Irish courts of law. • Lords lieutenant,… • marketing table • Navy and prize agents in london. • Officers of state in ireland. • Officers of state in scotland. • Officers of the house of commons. • Officers of the house of peers. • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Prince of wales’s household. • Princess of wales’s household. • Principal bankers… • Principal insurance offices in london. • Public offices, w… • Scottish courts of law. • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • Theatres. • The house of commons. • The house of peers • The queen’s household. • The queen’s ministers. • The royal family of england.
commerce and trade: Alphabetical list… • A night at the li… • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • Commercial and other stamps. • diary and memoranda. • Exercises for tra… • Government offices and officers. • Gross public reve… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • legislation of 1… • marketing table • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Our old rooms.cre… • Population of the… • Post and transit. • Principal articles • Principal bankers… • Principal imports… • Railway accidents. • Shipping • Sights which we h… • Society for the e… • statistics of trade and commerce. • The german invasi… • The public funds. • The spectre of th… • The year 1875 for… • Unseaworthy ships. • “only a face at t…
conversation and dialogues: An accident that … • Learning and labo… • She and i.credite… • The andro-gynecæu…
counties and regions: Alphabetical list… • Lords lieutenant,… • The legislature.
death: Commercial and other stamps. • Crops and live stock • Factory inspection • legislation of 1… • Railway accidents. • Royal national life-boat institution. • Wrecks
dialects and accents: A night at the li… • Exercises for tra… • Learning and labo… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi…
directory: Army agents in london. • Exhibitions, etc. • Navy and prize agents in london. • Principal bankers… • Principal insurance offices in london. • Public offices, w… • The house of commons.
disability: A female philharm… • Consolations unde… • Factory inspection
dogs: Royal society for… • She and i.credite…
education: An accident that … • calendar, and cash account. • diary and memoranda. • Factory inspection • Government offices and officers. • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Metropolitan boar… • Officers of state in scotland. • Population of the… • School board for london. • Society for the e… • The house of commons.
empire: City of london. • Government offices and officers. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • legislation of 1… • Principal bankers… • statistics of trade and commerce. • The german invasi… • The royal family of england.
England: Alphabetical list… • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Gross public expe… • Lords lieutenant,… • Our old rooms.cre… • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Population of the… • Portraits of odd … • Railway accidents. • School board for london. • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The house of commons. • The legislature.
Europe: A letter from bos… • Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Crops and live stock • Eclipses in 1875. • Exercises for tra… • Governors of colonies. • Post and transit. • Principal bankers… • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The german invasi… • Theseus and the m… • The year 1875 for…
faith and religion: A letter from bos… • calendar, and cash account. • Centenarians thor… • General notes of the year 1875. • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • London hospital sunday fund. • Memoranda for 1876 (leap year). • Officers of state in ireland. • Officers of state in scotland. • Portraits of odd … • Prince of wales’s household. • The legislature. • The open hand.cre… • The queen’s household. • The year 1875 for…
family: A letter from bos… • A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Consolations unde… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Our old rooms.cre… • Population of the… • Portraits of odd … • She and i.credite… • Sights which we h… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The eclipses of 1… • The open hand.cre… • The royal family of england. • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “resignation.”cre…
fashion and beauty: A female philharm… • A letter from bos… • A solicitor’s lov… • A stanza by a sen… • A thought upon tr… • Consolations unde… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Love’s heat and c… • Sights which we h… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The open hand.cre… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “resignation.”cre…
finances: A silver wedding.… • A solicitor’s lov… • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • Bank of england.*… • calendar, and cash account. • Commercial and other stamps. • Consolations unde… • diary and memoranda. • English courts of law. • Exercises for tra… • Gems from dr. wot… • Government offices and officers. • Gross public expe… • Gross public reve… • Irish courts of law. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • marketing table • Metropolitan boar… • Our old rooms.cre… • Portraits of odd … • Post and transit. • Principal bankers… • Principal imports… • Principal insurance offices in london. • Royal national life-boat institution. • School board for london. • statistics of trade and commerce. • The blighted one.… • The eclipses of 1… • The german invasi… • The open hand.cre… • The public funds. • The queen’s household. • The queen’s ministers. • “resignation.”cre…
food and drink: A letter from bos… • An accident that … • A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • A stanza by a sen… • Centenarians thor… • Consolations unde… • Exercises for tra… • Gems from dr. wot… • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Our old rooms.cre… • Portraits of odd … • Principal articles • Principal imports… • Sights which we h… • The blighted one.… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre…
France: Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • A night at the li… • Crops and live stock • Exercises for tra… • Post and transit. • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The andro-gynecæu… • The eclipses of 1… • The german invasi…
gender: A female philharm… • A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • A thought upon tr… • Centenarians thor… • Consolations unde… • Factory inspection • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Love’s heat and c… • Our old rooms.cre… • Portraits of odd … • Sights which we h… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The open hand.cre… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • To our dramatic c… • “resignation.”cre…
geography: A letter from bos… • An accident that … • Lords lieutenant,… • The eclipses of 1… • The german invasi… • The spectre of th…
Germany: Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Centenarians thor… • Crops and live stock • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The german invasi…
GLAM: A letter from bos… • Exhibitions, etc. • Government offices and officers. • Officers of the house of commons. • Officers of the house of peers. • The queen’s household. • Theseus and the m…
government: A female philharm… • A letter from bos… • Alphabetical list… • Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • City of london. • Exercises for tra… • Government offices and officers. • Governors of colonies. • Gross public expe… • legislation of 1… • Lords lieutenant,… • Metropolitan boar… • Officers of state in ireland. • Officers of state in scotland. • Officers of the house of commons. • Officers of the house of peers. • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Public offices, w… • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • statistics of trade and commerce. • The andro-gynecæu… • The german invasi… • The house of commons. • The house of peers • The legislature. • The queen’s ministers. • “resignation.”cre…
grid or table format: calendar, and cash account. • diary and memoranda. • Every day in the year 1875. • Gross public expe… • Gross public reve… • legislation of 1… • marketing table • Population of the… • Principal imports… • Shipping • statistics of trade and commerce.
hair: A letter from bos… • Mirrigold’s pecul…
health and medicine: A letter from bos… • Centenarians thor… • Consolations unde… • Gems from dr. wot… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • London hospital s… • London hospital sunday fund. • Love’s heat and c… • Officers of state in scotland. • Prince of wales’s household. • The queen’s household. • The year 1875 for… • “only a face at t… • “resignation.”cre…
history: A night at the li… • calendar, and cash account. • Centenarians thor… • diary and memoranda. • The german invasi… • The open hand.cre… • The year 1875 for…
holidays and celebrations: A letter from bos… • A silver wedding.… • calendar, and cash account. • diary and memoranda. • General notes of the year 1875. • Memoranda for 1876 (leap year). • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The royal family of england. • Thirty to-day.cre… • “only a face at t…
Home Rule: The german invasi… • The house of commons.
horses: A night at the li… • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • Officers of state in ireland. • Prince of wales’s household. • Principal articles • The queen’s household.
house and home: A silver wedding.… • Government offices and officers. • Our old rooms.cre… • Powder and peace.… • Prince of wales’s household. • Princess of wales’s household. • The blighted one.… • The queen’s household. • The royal family of england. • Thirty to-day.cre…
humour: A female philharm… • A letter from bos… • An accident that … • A thought upon tr… • Exercises for tra… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Powder and peace.… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The open hand.cre… • Theseus and the m… • To our dramatic c… • “only a face at t…
hunting: Assessed taxes and excise licences. • calendar, and cash account. • diary and memoranda. • Gems from dr. wot… • legislation of 1… • The queen’s household. • The year 1875 for…
India: Government offices and officers. • Principal bankers…
insects: A stanza by a sen… • Gems from dr. wot… • Portraits of odd …
international: A letter from bos… • Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • An accident that … • A night at the li… • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • Crops and live stock • Eclipses in 1875. • Exercises for tra… • Government offices and officers. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Post and transit. • Principal articles • Principal bankers… • Principal imports… • Shipping • Society for the e… • statistics of trade and commerce. • The german invasi… • Theseus and the m… • The spectre of th…
Ireland: Alphabetical list… • Government offices and officers. • Gross public expe… • Irish courts of law. • legislation of 1… • Officers of state in ireland. • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Population of the… • Principal articles • Railway accidents. • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • The german invasi… • The house of commons. • The house of peers • The legislature.
Italy: Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • A night at the li… • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The german invasi…
jokes: An accident that … • A night at the li… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.…
land and property: A solicitor’s lov… • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • Gross public reve… • legislation of 1… • statistics of trade and commerce. • “resignation.”cre…
law and order: A letter from bos… • A night at the li… • A solicitor’s lov… • City of london. • Consolations unde… • English courts of law. • Exercises for tra… • Government offices and officers. • Irish courts of law. • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Lords lieutenant,… • Marine mutiny act. • mutiny act, 1874… • Officers of state in ireland. • Officers of state in scotland. • Post and transit. • Public offices, w… • Quarter-sessions. • Scottish courts of law. • The german invasi… • The legislature. • The queen’s ministers. • The year 1875 for… • Unseaworthy ships. • “resignation.”cre…
letters: A letter from bos… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Post and transit. • The year 1875 for…
list: Alphabetical list… • Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • Army agents in london. • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • Bank of england.*… • City of london. • Commercial and other stamps. • English courts of law. • Exhibitions, etc. • General notes of the year 1875. • Government offices and officers. • Governors of colonies. • Gross public expe… • Gross public reve… • Irish courts of law. • Lords lieutenant,… • Metropolitan boar… • Navy and prize agents in london. • Officers of state in ireland. • Officers of state in scotland. • Officers of the house of commons. • Officers of the house of peers. • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Post and transit. • Prince of wales’s household. • Princess of wales’s household. • Principal articles • Principal bankers… • Principal imports… • Principal insurance offices in london. • Public offices, w… • Scottish courts of law. • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • statistics of trade and commerce. • Theatres. • The house of commons. • The house of peers • The legislature. • The public funds. • The queen’s household. • The queen’s ministers. • The royal family of england.
London: Centenarians thor… • City of london. • English courts of law. • Exercises for tra… • Exhibitions, etc. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • legislation of 1… • London hospital s… • London hospital sunday fund. • Metropolitan boar… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • Portraits of odd … • Post and transit. • Principal bankers… • Principal insurance offices in london. • Public offices, w… • School board for london. • She and i.credite… • The andro-gynecæu… • Theatres. • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The year 1875 for…
love: A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • A solicitor’s lov… • A stanza by a sen… • Love’s heat and c… • Portraits of odd … • She and i.credite… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “resignation.”cre…
maritime: A night at the li… • Eclipses in 1875. • English courts of law. • Government offices and officers. • Gross public expe… • Gross public reve… • Irish courts of law. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Marine mutiny act. • Navy and prize agents in london. • Portraits of odd … • Royal national life-boat institution. • Shipping • The queen’s ministers. • The spectre of th… • Unseaworthy ships. • Wrecks
marriage: A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • A solicitor’s lov… • Centenarians thor… • Consolations unde… • legislation of 1… • Portraits of odd … • She and i.credite… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “resignation.”cre…
mathematics: An accident that … • marketing table
memoranda and notes: calendar, and cash account. • diary and memoranda.
meteorology and climate: A letter from bos… • Eclipses in 1875. • The eclipses of 1… • The spectre of th… • Wrecks
military: Army agents in london. • Government offices and officers. • Gross public expe… • Gross public reve… • Lords lieutenant,… • Marine mutiny act. • mutiny act, 1874… • Navy and prize agents in london. • Officers of state in ireland. • Officers of state in scotland. • Officers of the house of peers. • Powder and peace.… • Public offices, w… • The german invasi… • The queen’s ministers.
Mr. Punch: The eclipses of 1…
music and songs: A female philharm… • A silver wedding.… • Centenarians thor… • “only a face at t… • “resignation.”cre…
musings and observations: Mirrigold’s pecul… • Portraits of odd … • Sights which we h…
narrative: A female philharm… • A letter from bos… • A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Centenarians thor… • Exercises for tra… • Factory inspection • Mirrigold’s pecul… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The year 1875 for…
nature: A stanza by a sen… • Gems from dr. wot… • Government offices and officers. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • legislation of 1… • Love’s heat and c… • Powder and peace.… • She and i.credite…
newspapers and periodicals: An accident that … • Officers of the house of commons. • Portraits of odd … • Post and transit. • Royal society for… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • Thirty to-day.cre… • To our dramatic c…
parks and gardens: A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Exhibitions, etc. • Theseus and the m…
personal relationships: A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • A solicitor’s lov… • Love’s heat and c… • Portraits of odd … • She and i.credite… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “resignation.”cre…
photography: Joseph’s aunt.cre… • The blighted one.…
poetry: A night at the li… • A solicitor’s lov… • A stanza by a sen… • A thought upon tr… • Gems from dr. wot… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Love’s heat and c… • Our old rooms.cre… • Portraits of odd … • Powder and peace.… • She and i.credite… • The eclipses of 1… • The open hand.cre… • Theseus and the m… • The spectre of th… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “only a face at t… • “resignation.”cre…
politics: A female philharm… • A letter from bos… • Alphabetical list… • City of london. • diary and memoranda. • legislation of 1… • Metropolitan boar… • Officers of the house of commons. • The andro-gynecæu… • The german invasi… • The house of commons. • The house of peers • The legislature. • The queen’s ministers.
poverty: Consolations unde… • Population of the…
prose: A female philharm… • A letter from bos… • An accident that … • A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Centenarians thor… • Consolations unde… • Crops and live stock • Eclipses in 1875. • Exercises for tra… • Factory inspection • legislation of 1… • London hospital s… • London hospital sunday fund. • Marine mutiny act. • Metropolitan boar… • Mirrigold’s pecul… • mutiny act, 1874… • Portraits of odd … • Quarter-sessions. • Railway accidents. • Royal national life-boat institution. • Royal society for… • Royal society for… • School board for london. • Shipping • Sights which we h… • Society for the e… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The public funds. • The year 1875 for… • To our dramatic c… • Unseaworthy ships. • Wrecks
race and ethnicity: A letter from bos… • A night at the li… • The andro-gynecæu… • The german invasi… • Thirty to-day.cre…
railways: Alphabetical list… • An accident that … • Exercises for tra… • Government offices and officers. • Railway accidents.
rhyme: A solicitor’s lov… • A stanza by a sen… • Centenarians thor… • Gems from dr. wot… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Love’s heat and c… • Our old rooms.cre… • Powder and peace.… • She and i.credite… • The eclipses of 1… • The open hand.cre… • Theseus and the m… • The spectre of th… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “only a face at t… • “resignation.”cre…
royalty: A letter from bos… • A night at the li… • City of london. • Government offices and officers. • Prince of wales’s household. • Princess of wales’s household. • Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The german invasi… • The legislature. • The queen’s household. • The royal family of england.
Russia: Ambassadors and ministers abroad. • Ambassadors and ministers in england. • City of london. • The german invasi…
science: City of london. • Exhibitions, etc. • Portraits of odd … • Society for the e…
Scotland: Alphabetical list… • Centenarians thor… • Gross public expe… • legislation of 1… • Officers of state in scotland. • Peeresses. • Peers who are min… • Population of the… • Principal bankers… • Railway accidents. • Scottish courts of law. • Secondary and duplicate titles of peers • The andro-gynecæu… • The house of commons. • The house of peers • The legislature.
society: A female philharm… • A night at the li… • Exercises for tra… • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • Portraits of odd … • Sights which we h… • Society for the e… • The andro-gynecæu… • The blighted one.… • The year 1875 for… • “resignation.”cre…
sovereignty: Sovereigns and heads of governments. • The german invasi… • The royal family of england.
spectacles and entertainment: A female philharm… • A letter from bos… • A night at the li… • A silver wedding.… • Centenarians thor… • City of london. • Exhibitions, etc. • Love’s heat and c… • Our old rooms.cre… • Portraits of odd … • Sights which we h… • Society for the e… • The andro-gynecæu… • Theatres. • The year 1875 for… • To our dramatic c…
theatre: A night at the li… • Sights which we h… • Theatres. • The blighted one.… • The year 1875 for… • To our dramatic c…
tobacco and smoking: An accident that … • Portraits of odd … • Principal articles • Principal imports… • The spectre of th…
travel and tourism: A letter from bos… • An accident that … • A night at the li… • Centenarians thor… • Exercises for tra… • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Portraits of odd … • The eclipses of 1… • The year 1875 for…
vehicles and transportation: A letter from bos… • Alphabetical list… • An accident that … • A night at the li… • Assessed taxes and excise licences. • Consolations unde… • Government offices and officers. • Metropolitan boar… • Railway accidents. • Shipping • The german invasi… • Unseaworthy ships.
voting: A female philharm… • Alphabetical list… • Officers of the house of commons. • The andro-gynecæu… • The house of commons.
Wales: Alphabetical list… • Government offices and officers. • Gross public expe… • Lords lieutenant,… • Population of the… • The house of commons. • The legislature.
war: A letter from bos… • Crops and live stock • Government offices and officers. • Powder and peace.… • The german invasi… • Theseus and the m…
work: A letter from bos… • An accident that … • A thought upon tr… • Bank of england.*… • Factory inspection • Government offices and officers. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Learning and labo… • legislation of 1… • London hospital s… • Officers of the house of commons. • Officers of the house of peers. • Portraits of odd … • Public offices, w… • Shipping • Sights which we h… • Society for the e… • The blighted one.… • The german invasi… • The open hand.cre… • The year 1875 for…
writers and literary culture: A female philharm… • A night at the li… • Centenarians thor… • City of london. • Joseph’s aunt.cre… • Our old rooms.cre… • She and i.credite… • The blighted one.… • The queen’s household. • The year 1875 for… • To our dramatic c…
youth and age: An accident that … • A silver wedding.… • A solicitor’s lov… • Centenarians thor… • Exercises for tra… • Learning and labo… • Love’s heat and c… • Our old rooms.cre… • Portraits of odd … • She and i.credite… • The blighted one.… • The year 1875 for… • Thirty to-day.cre… • “resignation.”cre…

Volume Introduction

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PUNCH’S POCKET-BOOK
For 1875,

CONTAINING
CALENDAR, CASH ACCOUNT, DIARY AND MEMORANDA
FOR EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR,
AND A VARIETY OF USEFUL BUSINESS INFORMATION.

ILLUSTRATED BY
JOHN TENNIEL, CHARLES KEENE
L. SAMBOURNE, &c.

LONDON :
PUNCH OFFICE, 85, FLEET STREET, E.C.,
and
BRADBURY, AGNEW, & CO., 8, 9, & 10, BOUVERIE STREET, E.C.
1875.

CONTENTS.

The State. 5
  • The Royal Family 5
  • Sovereigns and Heads of Governments. (Illustration.) 5
  • The Queen’s Ministers 6
  • The Queen’s Household 6
  • Prince of Wales’s Household 7
  • Princess of Wales’s Household 7
  • Officers of State in Scotland 7
  • Officers of State in Ireland 8
  • Ambassadors and Ministers Abroad. (Illustration.) 8
  • Ambassadors and Ministers in England 8
  • Lords Lieutenant of Counties of England and Wales 9
  • Government Offices and Officers 9
  • School Board for London 12
    •

    [The] Legislature. — 13
  • The House of Peers. (Illustration.) 13
  • Peeresses 17
  • Peers who are Minors, [with the years of their majority] 18
  • Secondary and Duplicate Titles of Peers 18
  • Officers of the House of Peers 18
  • The House of Commons 19
  • Alphabetical List of Members of the House of Commons 25
  • Officers of the House of Commons 28
  • Legislation of 1874 29
  • The City of London 37
  • Public Income of United Kingdom 38
  • Public Expenditure of United Kingdom 39
  • Statistics of Trade and Commerce. (Illustration.) 40
    •

    Banking. — 42
  • Bank of England. (Illustration.) 42
  • Bankers in London and Westminster 43
  • Eclipses in 1875. (Illustration.) 44
  • - 3 - {f.3} Insurance Offices in London 45
  • Population of United Kingdom. (Illustration.) 46
  • Principal Imports 48
  • Public Offices, with Hours of Attendance 49
  • Army Agents in London. (Illustration.) 51
  • Mutiny Act 52
  • Navy and Prize Agents in London. (Illustration.) 55
  • Navy Mutiny Act 55
  • English Courts of Law. (Illustration.) 58
  • Scottish Courts of Law 59
  • Irish Courts of Law 59
  • Quarter-Sessions 60
  • The Public Funds 61
    •

    Taxes. — 62
  • Assessed Taxes and Excise Licences. (Illustration.) 62
  • Commercial and other Stamps 64
  • Governors of Colonies 65
  • Unseaworthy Ships 66
  • National Life-Boat Institution 66
  • London Hospital Sunday Fund 66
  • London Hospital Saturday Fund 66
  • Metropolitan Board of Works 67
  • Royal Society for the Protection of Life from Fire 68
  • Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals 68
  • Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce 68
  • Theatres 69
  • Exhibitions, &c. (Illustration.) 69
  • Post and Transit. (Illustration.) 70
  • Every Day in the Year 1875 72
  • General Notes of the Year 73
  • Memoranda, and Moveable Feasts for 1876 73
  • Calendar, and Cash Account 74-97
  • Diary, and Memoranda 98-121
  • Marketing Table 122
    •

    PART II.

  • The Andro-Gynecæum. (Frontispiece.) 123
  • The Open Hand. (Illustration.) 126
  • The Blighted One 127
  • She and I 131
  • Exercises for Travellers 132
  • Resignation 135
  • A Night at the Lion d’Or. (Illustrations.) 136
  • Love’s Heat and Cold 147
  • - 4 - {f.4} To our Dramatic Correspondents 148
  • A Thought upon Trinkets 149
  • Our Old Rooms 150
  • The Year 1875 for Somebody. (Illustration.) 152
  • Joseph’s Aunt 157
  • Sights which we have not yet Seen 159
  • Consolations under Calamities 160
  • A Stanza by a Sentimentalist 161
  • Thirty To-day 162
  • The German Invasion of 1890 163
  • Powder and Peace 169
  • Centenarians Thoroughly Proved 170
  • A Silver Wedding. (Illustration.) 172
  • A Solicitor’s Lovesuit 173
  • A Letter from Boshnia 175
  • “Only a Face at the Window” 178
  • A Female Philharmonic 179
  • Theseus and the Minotaur. (Illustration.) 180
  • An Accident that never happens 182
  • Gems from Dr. Wot’s-his-name 184
  • Learning and Labour 185
  • The Spectre of the Sea 187
  • Mirrigold’s Peculiarity 187
  • Portraits of Odd Fellows 189
  • The Eclipses of 1875 192

    • ↑ - [5] - {f.5} PART I.

    THE STATE.

    THE ROYAL FAMILY OF ENGLAND.

    Born
    QUEEN ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA (Acc. June 20, 1837)May 24, 1819
    Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (Married March 10, 1863, to Princess Alexandra of Denmark ; issue, Albert Victor, born Jan. 8, 1864 ; George Frederick, born June 3, 1865 ; Louise Victoria, born Feb. 20, 1867 ; Victoria Alexandra, born July 6, 1868 ; Maude Charlotte, born Nov. 26, 1869 ; and Alexander John, born April 6, died April 7, 1871)Nov. 9, 1841
    Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., K.T., G.C.S.I. (Married Jan. 23, 1874, to Grand Duchess Marie Alexandrovna of Russia)Aug. 6, 1844
    Arthur William Patrick Albert, Duke of Connaught, K.G., K.P.May 1, 1850
    Leopold George Duncan AlbertApr. 7, 1853
    Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa, Princess Royal (Married Jan. 25, 1858, to Prince Fred. Wm. of Prussia)Nov. 21, 1840
    Alice Maud Mary (Married July 1, 1862, to Prince Louis of Hesse Darmstadt)Apr. 25, 1843
    Helena Augusta Victoria (Married July 5, 1866, to Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg)May 25, 1846
    Louise Caroline Alberta (Married March 21, 1871, to John Douglas Sutherland Campbell, Marquis of Lorne)Mar. 18, 1848
    Beatrice Mary Victoria FeodoreApr. 14, 1857
    Relatives of the Queen.
    George Frederick, ex-King of Hanover & Duke of CumberlandMay 27, 1819
    His Son, Ernest AugustusSept. 21, 1845
    Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa, Duchess of CambridgeJuly 25, 1797
    George William Frederick, Duke of CambridgeMar. 26, 1819
    Princess Augusta, Grand Duchess of MecklenburgJuly 19, 1822
    Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of TeckNov. 27, 1833
    Keyword Tags : list, columns, family, royalty, sovereignty, holidays and celebrations, house and home, aristocracy, empire

    SOVEREIGNS AND HEADS OF GOVERNMENTS.

    Born.Acces.
    AustriaFrancis Joseph CharlesEmperor18301848
    BavariaLudwig IIKing18451864
    BelgiumLeopold IIKing18351865
    BrazilPedro IIEmperor18251831
    DenmarkChristian IXKing18181863
    EgyptIsmail PashaKhedive18301863
    EnglandVictoriaQueen18191837
    FranceMarshal MacMahonPresident18081873
    GermanyWilliam IEmperor17971871
    GreeceGeorge IKing18451863
    Hesse DarmstadtLouis IIIGrand Duke18061848
    ItalyVictor EmmanuelKing18201861
    NetherlandsWilliam IIIKing18171849
    Persia[Comment by BQ] : Until 1935, most of the Western world used 'Persia' to refer to present-day Iran. This state is not included in earlier decades of Punch’s Pocket Book.Nasr-ud-deenShah18331848
    PortugalLuis IKing18351861
    RussiaAlexander IIEmperor18181855
    SaxonyAlbertKing18281873
    SpainFrancisce SerranoPresident18101874
    Sweden and NorwayOscar IIKing18291872
    TurkeyAbdul AzizSultan18301861
    WürttembergWurtembergCharlesKing18231864
    United States[Comment by BQ] : The only nation in this list not physically located in Eurasia.Ulysses S. GrantPresident18221869
    Keyword Tags : list, government, sovereignty, Europe, Americas, France, Germany, Italy, holidays and celebrations, royalty

    ↑ - 6 - {f.6} THE QUEEN’S MINISTERS.

  • First Lord of the Treasury, Right Hon. B. Disraeli
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rt. Hon. Sir Stafford H. Northcote, Bt.
  • Lord High Chancellor, Lord Cairns
  • Lord Privy Seal, Earl of Malmesbury
  • Lord President of Council, Duke of Richmond
  • Home Secretary, Rt. Hon. R.A. Cross
  • Foreign Secretary, Earl of Derby
  • Colonial Secretary, Earl of Carnarvon
  • War Department Sec., Rt. Hon. Gathorne Hardy
  • Sec. of State for India, Marquis of Salisbury
  • First Lord of Admiralty, Rt. Hon. G. Ward Hunt
  • Postmaster Gen., Lord John Manners

    • The preceding form the Cabinet.

  • Pres. of Board of Trade, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles Adderley, K.C.M.G.
  • Chief Secretary for Ireland, Right Hon. Sir H.M. Beach
  • Pres. of Local Government Board, Rt. Hon. G. Sclater-Booth
  • Vice-President of Council, Visc. Sandon
  • Com.-in-Chief, Duke of Cambridge
  • Lord Lieut. of Ireland, Duke of Abercorn
  • Works & Public Buildings, Lord Henry Lennox
  • Attorney-Gen., Rt. Hon. Sir Richard Baggallay
  • Solicitor-Gen., Right Hon. Sir John Holker
  • Judge Advocate Gen., Rt. Hon. S. Cave
  • Chanc. Duchy of Lancaster, Colonel T.E. Taylor
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, government, military, law and order, finances, politics, colonialism, maritime

    THE QUEEN’S HOUSEHOLD.

  • Hered. Great Chamberlain, Lord Aveland and Marq. of Cholmondeley (jointly)
  • Hered. Earl Marshal, Duke of Norfolk, K.G.
  • Lord Steward, Earl Beauchamp
  • Treas., Earl Percy
  • Comp., Lord Henry Somerset
  • Master of Household, Lt.-Col. Sir John Cowell, K.C.B.
  • Sec. to Board of Green Cloth, E.M. Browell, Esq.
  • Paymaster of the Household, T.C. March, Esq.
  • Chief Clerk, Geo. T. Hertslet, Esq.
  • Lord Chamberlain, Marquis of Hertford
  • Vice-Chamberlain, Viscount Barrington — Comptroller of Accounts, Hon. Spencer Ponsonby, C.B.
  • Lords in Waiting, Earl of Dunmore, Earl of Roden, Viscount Hawarden, Viscount Torrington, Lord Bagot, Lord de Ros, Lord Elphinstone, Lord Walsingham
  • Grooms in Waiting, Vice-Adm. Lord F.H. Kerr, Hon. Mortimer Sackville – West, Col. Hon. A. Liddell, Lt.-Col. Cavendish, John F. Campbell, Esq., of Islay, Sir J.E. Commerell, R.N., K.C.B., V.C., Donald Cameron of Lochiel, M.P., Maj.-General Sir F. Seymour, Bart.
  • Extra, Hon. Sir C.A. Murray, Captain W.G. Stirling
  • Priv. Sec., Maj.-Gen. H.F. Ponsonby, C.B.
  • Keeper of the Privy Purse, Lieut.-Gen. Sir T.M. Biddulph, K.C.B.
  • Master of Ceremonies, Gen. Hon. Sir Edw. Cust
  • Assistant Master, Col. C. Bagot
  • Marshal, Hon. Spencer Lyttelton
  • Groom of the Robes, H.D. Erskine, Esq.
  • Mistress of the Robes, Duchess of Wellington
  • Ladies of the Bedchamber, Duchess (Dowager) of Athole, Duchess of Roxburghe, Marchioness of Ely, Countess of Caledon, Lady Abercromby, Lady Churchill, Lady Waterpark, Countess of Erroll
  • Extra Ladies of the Bedchamber, Dow. Countess of Mount Edgcumbe, Viscountess Jocelyn, Viscountess Clifden, Countess of Gainsborough, Countess of Mayo
  • Bedchamber Women, Lady C. Barrington, Hon. Flora C.I. Macdonald, Hon. Mrs. R. Bruce, Viscountess Chewton, Lady Codrington, Lady S.E. Lindsay, Hon. Lady Gordon, Lady Eliz. Philipps Adeane
  • Extra, Lady A.F.E. Stanley, Hon. Mrs. Grey
  • Honorary, Hon. Lady Biddulph, Viscountess Forbes
  • Maids of Honour, Hon. C.F. Cavendish, Hon. Emily Cathcart, Hon. H.C. Stopford, Hon. Harriet Phipps, Hon. Mary Lascelles, Hon. Mary Emma Pitt, Hon. Frances Mary Drummond, Hon. E.C. Paget
  • Master of the Horse, Earl Bradford
  • Clerk-Marshal, Maj.-Gen. Lord Alfred Paget
  • Equerries in Ordinary, Lord A.C.L. Fitzroy, Maj.-Gen. Visc. Bridport. Lt.-Col. C. Du Plat, Col. H.F. Ponsonby, Maj.-Gen. Hardinge, Col. H. Lynedoch Gardiner Lieut.-Col. Hon. H. Byng
  • Extra, Lieut.-Gen. Sir T.M. Biddulph
  • Crown Equerry and Sec., Col. G.A. Maude, C.B.
  • - 7 - ↑ {f.7} Master of Buckhounds. Earl Hardwicke
  • Hereditary Grand Falconer, Duke of St. Albans
  • Lord High Almoner, Dean of Windsor
  • Hered. Grand Almoner, Marquis of Exeter
  • Physicians in Ordinary, Sir W. Jenner, M.D., K.C.B., Sir T. Watson, Bart., M.D., Sir Geo. Burrows, Bt., M.D.
  • Phys. Extraordinary, P.M. Latham, M.D., W. Fox, M.D., Edward Henry Sieveking, M.D., Sir Wm. Gull, Bart., M.D.
  • Phys. Accoucheur, Sir C. Locock, Bt., M.D.
  • Phys. to Household, Francis Hawkins, M.D.
  • Surgeon Accoucheur, Richard Blagden, Esq.
  • Serjeant Surgeons, Sir Wm. FergusonFergusson, Bart., Cæsar H. Hawkins, Esq.
  • Serjeant Surgeon Extraordinary, Sir James Paget, Bart.
  • Surgeons Extra, Richard Quain, John Hilton, P.G. Hewett, Esqs.
  • Clerk of the Closet, Bishop of Worcester
  • Deputy Clerks of the Closet, Hon. and Rev. E.S. Keppel, Rev. Lord Wriothesley Russell, and the Dean of Westminster
  • Dean of the Chapel, Bishop of London
  • Sub-Dean, Rev. F. Garden
  • Domestic Chaplain, Dean of Windsor
  • Librarian in Ordinary, R.R. Holmes, Esq.
  • Captain of Hon. Corps of Gentlemen at Arms, Marquis of Exeter
  • Captain of the Royal Body Guard of Yeomen of the Guard, Viscount Skelmersdale
  • Examiner of Plays, E.F.S. Pigott, Esq.
  • Poet Laureate, Alfred Tennyson, Esq.
  • Principal Painter to Her Majesty, James Sant, Esq., R.A.
  • Coroner, W.T. Manning. Esq.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, royalty, house and home, aristocracy, health and medicine, writers and literary culture, hunting, faith and religion, GLAM, finances, horses

    PRINCE OF WALES’S HOUSEHOLD.

  • Lords of the Bedchamber, Marquis of Hamilton, M.P., and Lord Suffield
  • Extra Lord, Earl of Mount Edgcumbe
  • Comptroller and Treasurer, Rt. Hon. Gen. Sir Wm. Knollys, K.C.B.
  • Grooms of the Bedchamber, Hons. C.L. Wood, A.T. Fitzmaurice
  • Private Sec., Francis Knollys, Esq.
  • German Sec. and Librarian, Maurice Holzmann, Esq.
  • Equerries, Lt.-Col. Teesdale, C.B., V.C., Lt.-Col. G.H. Grey, Lt.-Col. A. Ellis, Major-Gen. D.M. Probyn, C.B., V.C.
  • Hon. Chaplains, the Dean of Westminster Rev. Canon C. Kingsley, M.A., Rev. Canon H.M. Birch, M.A., Rev. C.F. Tarver, M.A., Rev. W. Onslow, M.A.
  • Physicians in Ordinary, Sir Wm. Jenner, Bart., M.D., Sir Wm. Gull, Bart., M.D., Edw. Sieveking, M.D.
  • Surg. Extr., John Minter, Esq., M.D., R.N.
  • Surgeons in Ordinary, Sir Jas. Paget, Bart., Geo. Pollock, Esq.
  • Hon. Physicians, Thos. K. Chambers, M.D., Wm. Hen. Acland, M.D., Sir Alex. Armstrong, M.D., K.C.B.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, house and home, aristocracy, health and medicine, horses, faith and religion, royalty

    PRINCESS OF WALES’S HOUSEHOLD.

  • Chamberlain, Lord Colville
  • Ladies of the Bedchamber, Countess of Morton, Countess of Macclesfield, Lady E. Kingscote, Lady Suffield
  • Bedchamber Women, Hon. Mrs. F. Stonor, Hon. Mrs. E. Coke, Hon. Mrs. A. Hardinge, Miss E.C. Knollys
  • Extra, Hon. Mrs. R. Bruce, Countess G. D’Otrante
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, royalty, house and home, aristocracy

    OFFICERS OF STATE IN SCOTLAND.

  • Hereditary Lord High Constable, Earl of Erroll
  • Lord Clerk Register, Rt. Hon. Sir Wm. Gibson Craig, Bart.
  • Hereditary Mast. of Household, Duke of Argyll
  • Hered. Standard Bearer, Admiral the Earl of Lauderdale
  • Hered. Armour Bearer, Sir H.J.S. Stuart of Allanton
  • Hered. Carver, Sir W. Anstruther, Bt.
  • Hered. Cup Bearer, Earl of Southesk
  • Physician in Ordinary, Sir Rob. Christison, Bart., M.D.
  • Surgeons in Ord., Jas. Spence, Jos. Lister
  • Deans of Chapel Royal, T.J. Crawford, D.D., William Milligan, D.D., W.P. Dickson, D.D., A.H. Charteris, D.D., A.F. Mitchell, D.D.
  • Chaplains in Ordinary, Rev. J. Tulloch, D.D., Rev. A.H. Charteris, D.D., Rev. D. Macleod
  • Commander of the Forces, Maj.-Gen. Sir John Douglas, K.C.B.
  • Capt.-Gen. of Queen’s Body-Guard, Duke of Buccleuch.
  • Keeper of the Great Seal, Earl of Selkirk
  • Lord Privy Seal, Marquis of Lothian.
  • Lord Advocate, Rt. Hon. E.S. Gordon
  • Solicitor-Gen., Wm. Watson.
  • Inspector of Constabulary.
  • Hon. Capt. Chas. Carnegie
  • Board of Education for Scotland
  • Sir John Don Wauchope, Bart., Chairman ; Sir W. Stirling Maxwell, Bart., John Ramsay. Esq., Sir Alex. Grant, Bart., John Tulloch, D.D. Sec., James Taylor, D.D.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, Scotland, government, health and medicine, education, faith and religion, military, law and order

    ↑ - 8 - {f.8} OFFICERS OF STATE IN IRELAND.

  • Lord Lieutenant, Duke of Abercorn, K.G.
  • Lord High Chancellor, In commissioncommision.
  • Master of the Rolls, Rt. Hon. E. Sullivan
  • Vice Chancellor, Rt. Hon. H.E. Chatterton
  • Chief Secretary and Keeper of the Privy Seal, Rt. Hon. Sir M.E.H. Beach, Bt.
  • Adviser to the Castle, Geo. May, Esq., Q.C.
  • State Steward, G. Lambart, Esq.,
  • Ulster King at Arms, Sir Bernard Burke
  • Chamberlain, Lt.-Col. R. Bernard
  • Dean of the Chapel, Rev. H. Dickinson D.D.
  • Master of the Horse, Lt.-Col. F. Forster
  • Com. of the Forces, Lt.-Gen. Rt. Hon. Lord Sandhurst, G.C.B., G.C.S.I.
  • Military Secretary, Lieut.-Col. G.N. Fendall
  • Attorney-Gen., Rt. Hon. J.T. Ball, L.L.D.
  • Solicitor-Gen., Henry Ormsby, Esq., Q.C.
  • Private Sec., A. Cockrell, Esq.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, Ireland, government, horses, military, faith and religion, law and order

    AMBASSADORS AND MINISTERS ABROAD.

    Argentine RepublicHon. L.S.S. West
    AustriaRt. Hn. Sir A. Buchanan
    BavariaR.B.D. Morier, Esq. C.B.
    BelgiumJ. Savile Lumley, Esq.
    BrazilG.B. Mathew, Esq.
    Carlsruhe and Hesse Dmsdt.F.C. Ford, Esq.
    ChiliHorace Rumbold, Esq.
    ChinaT.F. Wade, Esq. C.B.
    Colombia, Untd. States ofRobert Bunch, Esq.
    DenmarkSir C.L. Wyke, K.C.B.
    EcuadorFred. Hamilton, Esq.
    FranceLord Lyons, G.C.B.
    German EmpireRt. Hn. Ld. Odo Russell
    GreeceHon. Wm. Stuart, C.B.
    GuatemalaSidney Locock, Esq.
    HaytiMajor Robert Stuart
    ItalySir A.B. Paget, K.C.B.
    JapanSir H.S. Parkes, K.C.B.
    MoroccoSir J.H.D. Hay, K.C.B.
    NetherlandsSir A.J. Harris, K.C.B.
    PersiaW.T. Thomson, Esq.
    PeruSpenser St. John, Esq.
    PortugalLord Lytton
    RussiaLord A. Loftus, G.C.B.
    Saxony
    SpainRt. Hon. A.H. Layard
    SwedenHon. E. Erskine, C.B.
    Switzerland
    TurkeyRt. Hon. Sir H.G. Elliot
    United StatesRt. Hon. Sir E. Thornton, K.C.B.
    VenezuelaR.T.C. Middleton, Esq.
    WürttembergWurtembergG.G. Petre, Esq.
    Keyword Tags : columns, list, Europe, international, government, Americas, Asia, Africa, Germany, Italy, France, Russia, Britain

    AMBASSADORS AND MINISTERS IN ENGLAND.

    Argentine RepublicM. Balcarce
    AustriaCount Beust
    BelgiumM. Henri Solvyns
    BoliviaCol. Narciso Campero
    BrazilM. de Penedo
    ChiliDon Alberto Blest Gana
    Colombia, Untd. States ofM. Zapata
    Costa RicaDon Carlos Gutierres
    DenmarkGen. J. de Bülow
    EcuadorGeneral Salazar
    FranceCount de Jarnac
    German EmpireCount Münster
    GreeceSir S. Valaority
    GuatemalaGen. Don. P.R. Negrete
    HaytiM. Villevaleix
    HondurasDon C. Gutierres
    ItalyCav. Carlo Cadorna
    JapanTerashima Munenori
    NetherlandsCount C.G. de Bylandt
    NicaraguaDon J. de Marcoleta
    PersiaMirza Malkam Khan
    PeruDon Pedro Galvez
    PortugalMarshal Dk. of Saldanha
    RussiaCount Shouvaloff
    SalvadorGen. Don P.R. Negrete
    SpainSeñor Comyn
    SwedenBaron Hochschild
    SwitzerlandA. Streckeisen
    TurkeyMusurus Pacha
    United StatesHon. Robert C. Schenck
    Keyword Tags : columns, list, Europe, international, government, Americas, Asia, Africa, Germany, Italy, France, Russia, Britain, England

    ↑ - 9 - {f.9} LORDS LIEUTENANT, ETC., OF THE SEVERAL COUNTIES OF ENGLAND AND WALES.

    ENGLAND.

  • Bedford, Earl Cowper
  • Berks, Earl of Abingdon
  • Bucks, D. of Buckingham
  • Cambridge, C.W. Townley, Esq.
  • Chester, Lord Egerton
  • Cornwall, Lord Vivian — Ld. Warden, Visc. Portman.
  • Cumberland, Earl of Lonsdale
  • Derby, Duke of Devonshire
  • Devon, Duke of Somerset
  • Dorset, Earl of Shaftesbury
  • Durham, Earl of Durham
  • Ely, Duke of Bedford.
  • Essex, Lord Carlingford
  • Gloucester, Earl Ducie
  • Hants, Marq. of Winchester
  • Hereford, Lord Bateman
  • Hertford, Earl of Verulam
  • Huntingdon, E. of Sandwich
  • Kent, Viscount Sydney
  • Lancashire, Earl of Sefton
  • Leicester, Duke of Rutland
  • Lincoln, Earl Brownlow
  • Middlesex, D. of Wellington
  • Monmouth, D. of Beaufort
  • Norfolk, Earl of Leicester
  • Northampton, Earl Spencer
  • Northumberland, Earl Grey
  • Nottingham, Lord Belper
  • Oxfordshire, Duke of Marlborough
  • Rutland, Earl of Gainsborough
  • Shropshire, Viscount Hill
  • Somerset, Earl of Cork and Orrery
  • Stafford, Lord Wrottesley
  • Suffolk, Earl of Stradbroke
  • Surrey, Earl of Lovelace
  • Sussex, Earl of Chichester
  • Tower-Hamlets, F.M. Sir Wm. M. Gomm, G.C.B.
  • Warwick, Lord Leigh
  • Westmoreland, Earl of Lonsdale
  • Wilts, Marquis of Ailesbury
  • Worcester, Lord Lyttelton
  • York, E.-Riding, Lord Wenlock
  • York, West Riding, Earl Fitzwilliam
  • York, North Riding, Earl of Zetland

    • WALES.

  • Anglesey, Hon. W.O. Stanley, M.P.
  • Brecon, Lord Tredegar
  • Caermarthen, Earl Cawdor
  • Caernarcon, Lord Penrhyn
  • Cardigan, Capt. E. Lewis Pryse
  • Denbigh, W.C. West, Esq.
  • Flint,
  • Glamorgan, C.R.M. Talbot Esq., M.P.
  • Merioneth, Lord Mostyn
  • Montgomery, Lord Sudeley
  • Pembroke, Lord Kensington
  • Radnor, Lord Ormathwaite
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, England, Wales, counties and regions, government, aristocracy, Britain, military, law and order, geography

    GOVERNMENT OFFICES AND OFFICERS.

    * For the site and hours of these offices see “Public Offices.”

    treasury.

  • Lords Commissioners, Right Hon. B. Disraeli ; Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir Stafford Northcote ; Visc. Mahon, Sir J.D.H. Elphinstone, Rowland Winn, Esq., M.P.
  • Joint Secretaries, W.H. Smith, Esq., M.P., W.H. Dyke, Esq., M.P.
  • Permanent Secretary, R.R.W. Lingen, Esq., C.B.
  • Private Secretaries, to First Lord, Mont. Corry, Esq., Alg. Turnor, Esq. : Assistant Sec., J. Daly, Esq.
  • Priv. Secs. to Chanc. of Exchequer, W.S. Northcote, Esq. ; J.A. Kempe, Esq.
  • Auditor of the Civil List, W. Law, Esq., C.B.
  • Principal Clerks, C.W. Stronge, Esq., J.H. Cole, Esq., Sir W.H. Clerke, Bart., R.E. Welby, Esq.
  • Solicitor, J. Gray, Esq., Q.C.
  • Assistant, A.K. Stephenson, Esq.

    • privy council office.

  • Lord Pres., Duke of Richmond.
  • Private Sec., C.L. Peel, Esq.
  • Clerk in Ordinary, Sir A. Helps, K.C.B.
  • Assist. Clerk, E.S. Harrison, Esq.
  • Registrar, H. Reeve, Esq., D.C.L.
  • Vice-President for Education, Viscount Sandon.

    • privy seal.

  • Lord Privy Seal, Earl of Malmesbury.
  • Chief Clerk, W. English, Esq.

    • home office.

  • Sec. of State, Right Hon. R.A. Cross.
  • Under Sec., Sir H.J. Selwin-Ibbetson, Bt., M.P. ; Hon. A.F.O. Liddell, Q.C.
  • Chief Clerk, F.S. Leslie, Esq.
  • Counsel, Godfrey Lushington, Esq.
  • Private Sec., Carey J. Knyvett, Esq.

    • foreign office.

  • Sec. of State, Earl of Derby
  • Under Sec., Right Hon. Robert Bourke, Lord Tenterden, C.B.
  • Assist. Sec., T.V. Lister, Esq.
  • Chief Clerk, F.B. Alston, Esq.
  • Priv. Sec., Thomas Henry Sanderson, Esq.
  • Librarian, E. Hertslet Esq. ; C.B.

    • colonial office.

  • Sec. of State, Earl of Carnarvon.
  • Under Secs., Jas. Lowther, Esq., M.P., R.G.W. Herbert, Esq.
  • Assistant do., Hon. R.H. Meade, W.R. Malcolm, Esq., Sir J. Pauncefote.
  • Private Sec., M.F. OmmanneyOmmaney, R.E.
  • Chief Clerk, C. Cox, Esq.

    • - 10 - {f.10} indian affairs.

  • Sec. of State for India, Marquis of Salisbury
  • Vice-Presid. of Council, Rt. Hon. Sir Bartle Frere.
  • Under Secs., Lord George Hamilton, Sir Louis Mallet, C.B.
  • Assis. Sec., T.L. Seccombe, Esq., C.B.
  • Priv. Sec., H. Walpole, Esq.

    • exchequer and audit.

  • Compt. and Auditor-Gen., Sir Wm. Dunbar, Bart.
  • Assistant ditto, C.L. Ryan, Esq.
  • Solicitor, F. Walford, Esq.
  • Chief Clerk, H. Treherne, Esq.

    • irish office.

  • Chief Sec., Rt. Hon. Sir M.E.H. Beach, Bt., M.P.
  • Priv. Sec., Major Hon. W. Le P. Trench
  • Clerk, J. McKenna, Esq.

    • board of trade.

  • President, Rt. Hon. Sir C.B. Adderley, M.P., K.C.M.G.
  • Priv. Sec., C.L. Adderley, Esq.
  • Permanent Secretary, T.H. Farrer, Esq.
  • Private Sec. to Permanent Sec., J. Browne, Esq.
  • Parliamentary Secretary, G.C. Bentinck, Esq.
  • Priv. Sec. to Parliamentary Sec., W.E. Napier, Esq.
  • Assistant Secs., Harbour Business, C.C. Trevor, Esq. ; Marine do., Thos. Gray, Esq. ; Railway do., H.G. Calcraft, Esq. ; Finance do., R.G.C. Hamilton, Esq.
  • Railway Inspectors, Capt. Tyler, Col. Yolland, Col. F.H. Rich, Col. C.S. Hutchinson
  • Surveyor-Gen. of Steam Vessels, Capt. R. Robertson, R.N.

    • admiralty.

  • Lords Commissioners, Rt. Hon. G.W. Hunt, M.P. Rear-Ad. J.W. Tarleton, C.B., Admiral Sir A. Milne, G.C.B., Capt. Lord Gilford, R.N., Sir Massey Lopes, Bt., M.P.
  • Secretaries, Hon. A.F. Egerton, V. Lushington, Esq.
  • Private Sec. to First Lord. Capt. M.C. Seymour, R.N.
  • Private Sec. to Mr. Lushington, H.J.V. Neale, Esq.
  • Chief Clerk, Thos. Wolley, Esq.
  • Solicitor, A.R. Bristow, Esq.
  • Astron. Royal, Sir G.B. Airy, K.C.B., F.R.S.
  • Superintendent of the Nautical Almanack, John R. Hind, Esq.
  • Chief Naval Architect, N. Barnaby, Esq.
  • Accountant Gen. of the Navy, J. Beeby, Esq.
  • Director Gen. of Medical Department, Sir A. Armstrong, K.C.B.
  • Inspector Gen. of Hospitals and Fleets, Dr. C.A. Anderson, C.B.
  • Director of Transports, Rr.-Adm. Sir W.R. Mends, K.C.B.
  • Director of Works, Col. Charles Pasley, R.E.
  • Director of Education, Rev. Joseph Woolley, LL.D.

    • admiralty court.

  • Adm. Judge, Right Hon. Sir R.J. Phillimore, D.C.L.
  • Registrar, H.C. Rothery, Esq., M.A.
  • Assistant Registrar, H.A. Bathurst, Esq., M.A.
  • Adm. Adv., J.P. Deane, Esq., D.C.L.

    • war department.

  • Secretary, Right Hon. Gathorne Hardy
  • Under Sec., Hon. J.C.W. Vivian, Earl of Pembroke
  • Surveyor-Gen. of the Ordnance, Lord Eustace Cecil
  • Priv. Secs. (to Sec. of State), Lieut.-Col. H.G. Deedes, G.M. Farquharson, Esq. (to Earl of Pembroke). T.D. Pigott, Esq. ; (to Lord E. Cecil). O.H. Morshead, Esq. ; (To Mr. Vivian) W.S. Fyler, Esq.
  • Financial Sec., Hon. F.A. Stanley
  • Priv. Secretary, R. Dalyell, Esq.
  • Chief Clerk, Ralph Thompson, Esq.
  • Account-Gen., John Milton, Esq., C.B.
  • Inspector General of Fortifications and Director of Works, Lieut.-General Sir F.E. Chapman, K.C.B.
  • Insp. Gen. of Reserve Forces, Maj.-Gen. Sir Garnet, J. Wolseley, G.C.M.G., K.C.B.
  • Director-Gen. of Medical Department, Sir W.M. Muir, K.C.B.
  • Chaplain, Rev. G.R. Gleig
  • Director-Gen. of Military Education, Lt.-Gen. W. Napier

    • com. in chief’s office.

  • Com. in Chief, Duke of Cambridge
  • Mil. Sec., Major-Gen. Sir Alfred Horsford
  • Assist. Mil. Secs. Col. R.B. Hawley, Col. E.A. Travers
  • Private Sec. to H.R.H., Maj.-Gen. Hon. J. Macdonald
  • Aides-de-Camp, Col. C. Tyrwhitt, Col. F. Marshall, Col. C. Fraster, Col. J. Mc Donald, Col. C. Henry (extra)

    • paymaster-general’s office.

  • Paymaster-General Rt. Hn. Stephen Cave, M.P.
  • Assistant Paymaster-Gen., J.P. Collier, Esq.
  • Chief Clerk, A. Earnshaw, Esq.

    • adjutant-general’s office.

  • Adj.-Gen., Gen. Sir Richard Airey, G.C.B.
  • Dep. Adj.-Gen., Major-Gen. J.W. Armstrong, C.B.
  • Assists. Adj.-Gen., Col. Hon. H. Clifford, V.C., Col. G.R. Greaves.
  • Dep. Adj.-Assist.-Gen., Bt.-Major Buller
  • Dep.-Adj.-Gen. of Artillery, Col. W.A. Middleton, C.B.
  • Assist., Col. G. Shaw, C.B.
  • Dep. Assis. Adj.-Gen., Major Keate
  • Dep.-Adj.-Gen. of Engineers, Col. J.F.M. Browne, C.B.
  • Assist., Maj. Robert Grant
  • Principal Clerk, E.G. Syms, Esq.
  • - 11 - {f.11} Confid. Clerk, J.P. Hopkins, Esq.

    • quartermaster-general’s office.

  • Quartermaster Gen., Lieut.-Gen. Charles Henry Ellice, K.C.B.
  • Assistant, Col. H.S. Willis, C.B.
  • Dep.-Assist., Lieut.-Col. D. Baker, C.B.
  • Intelligence Department, Major-Gen. P.L. Mc Dougall

    • judge-advocate-general’s office.

  • Judge-Advocate-General, Rt. Hon. S. Cave, M.P.
  • Deputy J.-Ad.-Gen., J.C. O’Dowd, Esq.
  • Chief Clerk, J. Scollick, Esq.

    • works and public buildings.

  • First Commissioner, Lord Henry G. Lennox, M.P.
  • Priv. Sec., H. Domville, Esq.
  • Sec., A.B. Mitford, Esq.
  • Assist.-Sec., R.J. Callander, Esq.
  • Director of Works and Buildings, Douglas Galton, Esq., C.B., F.R.S.
  • Surveyor of Works, Henry Arthur Hunt, Esq., C.B.

    • woods and forests.

  • Commiss., Hon. C.A. Gore, Rt. Hon. J.K. Howard
  • Principal Clerks, J.F. Redgrave, Esq., J.R. Sowray, Esq.

    • royal mint.

  • Master, The Chancellor of the Exchequer
  • Deputy Master and Compt., The Hon. C.W. Fremantle.
  • Chief Clerk, R.F. Suft, Esq.
  • Registrar and Master’s Clerk, J. Goldsmith, Esq.
  • Chief Engraver, Leonard Wyon, Esq.
  • Assayers of the Mint, E.L.J. Ridsdale, and W. Chandler Roberts, Esqs.

    • general post-office.

  • Postm.-Gen., Rt. Hon. Lord John J.R. Manners, M.P.
  • Secretary, John Tilley, Esq. C.B.
  • Second Sec., F.I. Scudamore, Esq., C.B.
  • Financial Sec., S.A. Blackwood, Esq.
  • Assist. Sec., F. Hill, Esq.
  • Assist. Under Secs., W.J. Page and A. Benthall, Esqs.
  • Private Sec. to Postmaster-Gen., F.A.R. Langton, Esq.
  • Telegraph Engineer-in Chief, R.S. Culley, Esq.
  • Principal Medical Officer, Dr Waller Lewis
  • Second Medical Officer, G. Steet, Esq.
  • Solicitor, W.H. Ashurst, Esq.
  • Inspec.-Gen. of Mails, Arthur Benthall, Esq.
  • Surveyor (Metropolitan), G. Stow, Esq. ; Travelling Post Office Department, John West, Esq.
  • Receiver and Account. Gen. Geo. Chetwynd, Esq.
  • Money Order Office. Compt., H. Prall, Esq.
  • Savings Bank Dep., Compt., A.C. Thomson, Esq.
  • Circulation Dep., Compt., T. Boucher, Esq.
  • Returned Letter Dep., Compt., G.R. Smith, Esq.

    • inland revenue office.

  • Chairman, Sir W.H. Stephenson, K.C.B.
  • Deputy, C.J. Herries, Esq.
  • Commissioners, A. Montgomery, Esq., Major Hon. Chas. J. Keith-Falconer, Algernon West, Esqs.
  • Joint Secs., Adam Young and Wm. Lomas, Esq.
  • Rec.-Gen., Lord Alfred Hervey
  • Solicitor, W.H. MelvilleMelvill, Esq.
  • Account.-Gen., F. Gripper, Esq.

    • board of customs.

  • Chairman, Frederick Goulburn, Esq., C.B.
  • Deputy Chairman, Col. F. Romilly.
  • Commissioners, Grenville C.L. Berkeley, Esq., Sir F. Hastings Doyle, Bart.
  • Secretary, J.B. Hale, Esq.
  • Assistant, J. Smith, Esq.
  • Committee Clerks, J.F. Bates, R. Bates, and William D. Chester, Esqs.
  • Solicitor, F.J. Hamel, Esq.
  • Accountant and Controller-Gen., J.J. Weir, Esq.
  • Principal of Statistical Department, S. Seldon, Esq.

    • board of education.

  • Pres., Duke of Richmond, H.G.
  • Seven Members of the Privy Council
  • Vice-Pres., Viscount Sandon, M.P.
  • Sec., Sir F.R. Sandford, Bt.
  • Assist. Secs., J. Sykes, A.T. Cory, Patrick Cumin, and F.T. Palgrave, Esqs.
  • For Scotland, President, and Vice-President of the Privy Council, the First Lord of the Treasury, the Chanc. of Exchequer, and the Right Hon. E.S. Gordon, Lord Advocate.
  • Secretary, Sir F.R. Sandford, C.B.

    • local government board.

  • President, Rt. Hon. George Sclater-Booth, M.P.
  • Priv. Sec., to the President, Philip Lutley Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
  • Secretaries (Parliamentary), Clare S. Read, Esq., M.P., (Permanent) John Lambert, Esq., C.B., Henry Fleming, Esq.
  • Counsel, W.G. Lumley, Esq., Q.C.
  • Assist. Secs., F. Fletcher, Esq., D.P. Fry, Esq., Barrister-at-law
  • Chief Clerk, Ed. Sutton, Esq.
  • Engineering Department. Chief Engineering Inspector, R. Rawlinson, Esq., C.B., C.E.
  • Medical Dep. Medical Officer J. Simon, Esq., F.R.S.
  • Assist. Med. Officer, E.C. Seaton ; Esq., M.D.
  • Alkali Acts Department. Chief Inspector, R. Angus Smith, Esq.
  • Legal Assistant, J.F. Rotton, Esq.

    • duchy of lancaster.

  • Chancellor, Rt. Hon. Colonel T.E. Taylor, M.P.
  • Vice-Chancellor, George Little, Esq., Q.C.
  • Attorn.-Gen., H.W. West, Esq., Q.C.
  • - 12 - ↑ {f.12} Receiver-General, Lt.-Gen. Sir T.M. Biddulph, K.C.B.
  • Clerk of Council, J.G.D. Engleheart, Esq.

    • duchy of cornwall office.

  • Lord Warden of the Stannaries, Vicount Portman
  • Privy Seal, Earl of Leicester
  • Secretary and Keeper of the Records, Geo. Wilmshurst, Esq.
  • Receiver-General, Lieut.-Gen. Sir T.M. Biddulph, K.C.B.
  • Vice-Warden of the Stannary Court, H.W. Fisher, Esq.
  • Attorney-Gen., Geo. Loch, Esq., Q.C.
  • Mineral Inspector, W.W. Smyth, Esq.

    • colonial land and emigration commissioners.

  • Commissioners, Sir Clinton Murdoch, K.C.M.G., and S. Walcott, Esq., C.M.G.
  • Assist.-Sec., R.B. Cooper, Esq.
  • Government Emigration Agents. London, Staff Com. Foster, R.N. ; Liverpool, Capt. Mackenzie, R.N. ; Plymouth, Capt. Stoll, R.N. Glasgow and Greenock, Fred. Harris, Esq., Com. Cressy, R.N. ; Cork, &c., Com. Gibbons, R.N. ; Londonderry, Capt. Gough, R.N. ; Cardiff, W.H. Neate, Esq., H.A. Hearn, Esq.

    • commissioners of railways and canals.

  • Right Hon. Sir Frederick Peel, W.P. Price, Esq., H. Macnamara, Esq., Q.C.
  • Registrar, Mr. G. Evans

    • public record office.

  • Keeper, The Master of the Rolls
  • Deputy Keeper, Sir T.D. Hardy, D.C.L.
  • Secretary, J. Edwards. Esq.
  • Assistant Keepers, Henry J. Sharpe, Joseph Burtt, J.J. Bond, H.C. Hamilton, J. Redington, J. Gairdner, and W. Hardy, Esqs.

    • british museum.

  • Principal Librarian, J. Winter Jones, Esq.
  • Superintend. Nat. History, Prof. R. Owen, F.R.S.
  • Keeper of Oriental Antiq., S. Birch, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S.

    • school board for london.

  • Chairman, Sir Chas. Reed.
  • Vice-Chairman, E.H. Currie, Esq.
  • Clerk, G.H. Croad, Esq.

    • general register office of births, deaths, and marriages.

  • Reg. Gen. for England, G. Graham, Esq.
  • Secretary, J.T. Hammick, Esq.
  • Superintendents, Dr. W. Farr, W.H.W. Tytheridge, Esq., W. Clode, Esq., T. Oakes, Esq., J. Shoveller, Esq., George Douglas, Esq.
  • Reg. Gen. for Scotland, W. Pitt Dundas, Esq.
  • Reg. Gen. for Ireland, Wm. Donnelly, Esq.

    • civil service commission.

  • Commissioners, Rt. Hon. Sir E. Ryan, and G.W. Dasent, Esq., D.C.L.
  • Sec., T. Walrond, Esq., C.B.
  • Registrar, H. Mann, Esq.

    • london gazette office.

  • Editor, &c., Thos. Walker.
  • Chief Clerk, Walter Coates Esq.
  • Printers, T.R. Harrison & Son

    • stationery office.

  • Comptroller, W. Rathbone Greg, Esq.

    • registry of friendly societies.

  • Registrar, A.K. Stephenson, Esq.
    • Keyword Tags : government, finances, military, law and order, columns, list, nature, colonialism, vehicles and transportation, commerce and trade, international, war, education, Britain, railways, GLAM, house and home, charity, India, empire, maritime, work, royalty, Wales, Ireland

    SCHOOL BOARD FOR LONDON.

    The amount of accommodation in efficient Schools throughout London (Board and voluntary) on the 19th of June last, was 358,504 ; and, without taking into account the increase in population, further accommodation for 138,000 will meet all the requirements of the Metropolis. Most of the Schools that were held in temporary premises are now discontinued, and the children drafted into permanent Schools. At the present time there are 70 new Schools, which have been built by the Board, at work. The increase in average attendance at efficient Schools at June last was 86,534, and of this number 48,148 were attending Board Schools, and 38,386 were attending Voluntary Schools. There are also Evening Schools in connection with the Board. The Board have sent 1500 children to Industrial Schools, and they have established an Industrial School of their own at Brentwood, in which there are at present 43 children. The present liabilities of the Board amount to £1,300,000. The amount received from the ratepayers up to the present time is equal to a rate of a little under ¾d. in the pound. The total amount received for School Fees at the 25th of March last was £19,313 17s. 4d.

    Keyword Tags : prose, education, children, England, London, finances, charity

    ↑ - 13 - {f.13} THE LEGISLATURE.

    THE HOUSE OF PEERS

    ⁂ The Titles here given are those by which the Noblemen sit in the House of Peers.
    Princes of the Blood Royal  5
    Dukes 21
    Marquises 20
    Earls110
    Viscounts 32
    Barons234
    Peers of Scotland (elec. 1868) 16
    Peers of Ireland (elec. for life) 28
    English Archbishops and Bishops 26
    Total Number of Peers492
  • Speaker, THE LORD HIGH CHANCELLOR.
  • Chairman of Committees, LORD REDESDALE.
    • * Marked thus are Scotch Peers. o Marked thus are Irish Peers. a Marked thus are Scotch Repres. Peers. b Marked thus are Irish Represen. Peers.

    royal princes.

  • Wales, Pr. A.E., 1841
  • Edinburgh, Pr. Alfred E.A., Duke of, 1866
  • Connaught, Arthur W.P., Duke of, 1874
  • Cambridge, Pr. G.W., Duke of, 1801
  • Cumberland, Geo. Fred., Duke of (ex-King of Hanover), 1799

    • archbishops.

  • Canterbury, A.C. Tait, 1868
  • York, W. Thomson, 1862

    • dukes.

  • Beaufort, H.C.F. Somerset, 1682
  • Bedford, F.C.H. Russell, 1694
  • Brandon, W.A.L.S. Douglas Hamilton, 1711 (Hamilton, D., 1643 *)
  • Buckingham and Chandos R.P.C.T. Grenville, 1822 (Nugent, E., 1776 o) *
  • Cleveland, Harry George Powlett, 1833
  • Devonshire, Wm. Cavendish, 1694
  • Grafton, W.H. Fitzroy, 1675
  • Leeds, George Godolphin Osborne, 1694 *
  • Manchester, Wm. Drogo Montagu, 1719
  • Marlborough, John Winston Spencer-Churchill, 1702
  • Newcastle, Henry A. Pelham-Clinton, 1756
  • Norfolk, H.G.F. Howard, 1483
  • Northumberland, Algernon George Percy, 1766
  • Portland, W. John C. Bentinck-Scott, 1716
  • Richmond, Chas. H.G. Lennox, 1675 (Lennox, D. 1675 *)
  • Rutland, Chas. Cecil John Manners, 1703
  • St. Albans, Wm. Aubrey A. de Vere Beauclerk, 1684
  • Somerset, Edw. Adolph. St. Maur, 1547
  • Sutherland, Geo. Granville S. Leveson-Gower, 1833 *
  • Wellington, A.R. Wellesley, 1814 (Mornington, E. o)
  • Westminster, Hugh Lupus Grosvenor, 1874

    • marquises.

  • Abercorn, James Hamilton 1790, (D. 1868, o) *
  • Ailesbury, Geo. Wm. Fred. Brudenell-Bruce, 1821
  • Ailsa, Arch. Kennedy, 1831 *
  • Anglesey, Henry Wm. Geo. Paget, 1815
  • Bath, J. Alex. Thynne, 1789
  • Bristol, F.W.J. Hervey, 1826
  • Bute, J.P.C. Stuart, 1796 *
  • Camden, John Charles Pratt, 1812
  • Cholmondeley, W.H.H. Cholmondeley, 1815, o
  • Exeter, William Alleyne Cecil, 1801
  • Hertford, F.H.G. Seymour, 1793, o
  • Lansdowne, H.C. Keith Petty Fitzmaurice, 1784, o
  • Normanby, G.A. Constantine Phipps, 1838, o
  • Northampton, C. Douglas-Compton, 1812
  • Queensberry, John Sholto Douglas, 1682, a
  • Ripon, G.F.S. Robinson, 1871
  • Salisbury, Rob. Arth. Talbot Gascoigne-Cecil, 1789
  • Townshend, John V.S. Townshend, 1787
  • Tweeddale, G. Hay, 1694, a
  • Winchester, J. Paulet, 1551

    • earls.

  • Abergavenny, William NevilleNevill, 1784
  • Abingdon, Montagu Bertie 1682
  • Airlie, D.G. Drummond Ogilvie, 1639, a
  • Albemarle, G.T. Keppel, 1696
  • Amherst, W. Pitt Amherst, 1826
  • Ashburnham, Bertram Ashburnham, 1730
  • Aylesford, H. Finch, 1714
  • Bandon, F. Bernard, 1800, b
  • Bantry, W.H.H. White-Hedges, 1816, b
  • Bathurst, Wm. Lennox Bathurst, 1772
  • Beauchamp, Fredk. Lygon, 1815
  • Belmore, S.R. Lowry-Corry, 1797, b
  • Bradford, Orlando George Charles Bridgeman, 1815
  • Brooke and Warwick, Hen. Geo. Guy Greville, 1746 and 1759
  • Brownlow, Adelbert Wellington B. Cust, 1815
  • Buckinghamshire, Rev. A.E. Hampden-Hobart, 1746
  • Cadogan, Henry G. Cadogan, 1800
  • Camperdown, Robert Adam P. Duncan-Haldane, 1831
  • Carlisle, Rev. Wm. George Howard, 1661
  • Carnarvon, Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert, 1793
  • Cathcart, Alan Frederic Cathcart, 1814 *
  • Cawdor, J.F.V. Campbell 1827
  • - 14 - {f.14} Chesterfield, Geo. Philip Stanhope, 1628
  • Chichester, H.T. Pelham, 1801
  • Clarendon, Edward Hyde Villiers, 1776
  • Clonmell, J.H. Reginald Scott, 1793, b
  • Cottenham, Wm. Jno. Pepys, 1850
  • Coventry, G. Wm. Coventry, 1697
  • Cowley, H.R.C. Wellesley, 1857
  • Cowper, Fras. Cowper, 1718
  • Craven, George Grimston Craven, 1801
  • Dartmouth, W. Legge, 1711
  • Dartrey, R. Dawson, 1866, (Cremorne, B. 1797, o)
  • Delawarr, Reginald R.W. Sackville-West, 1761
  • Denbigh, Rudolph Wm. Basil Feilding, 1622, o
  • Derby, Edward H. Smith-Stanley, 1485
  • Devon, W.R. Courtenay, 1553
  • Doncaster, Walter Francis Montagu Douglas-Scott, 1662 (Buccleuch and Queensberry, D., 1663 *)
  • Ducie, H.J. Moreton, 1837
  • Dudley, Wm. Ward, 1860
  • Dufferin, F.T. Blackwood, 1871 (Dufferin and Clandeboye, B. 1800. o)
  • Durham, G.F. D’Arcy Lambton, 1833
  • Effingham, H. Howard, 1837
  • Eldon, John Scott, 1821
  • Ellesmere, Fras. Charles Granville Egerton, 1846
  • Erne, Jn. Creighton, 1789, b
  • Essex, A. Algernon Capel, 1661
  • Ferrers, S.E. Shirley, 1711
  • Feversham, Wm. Ernest Duncombe, 1868
  • Fitzwilliam, W.T.S. Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 1746, o
  • Fortescue, Hugh Fortescue, 1789
  • Gainsborough, Charles George Noel, 1841
  • Graham, J. Graham, 1722 (Montrose, D., 1707 *)
  • Granville, G. Granville Leveson-Gower, 1833
  • Grey, Henry G. Grey, 1806
  • Guilford, Dudley North, 1752
  • Haddington, Geo. Baillie Ardens, 1619 a
  • Hardwicke, C.P. Yorke, 1754
  • Harewood, H. Thynne Lascelles, 1812
  • Harrington, Charles Wyndham Stanhope, 1742
  • Harrowby, Dudley Ryder, 1809
  • Hillsborough, A.W.B. Sandys Roden Hill, 1772 (Downshire, M., 1789, o)
  • Howe, G.A.F.L. Curzon-Howe, 1821
  • Huntingdon, F.T. Henry Hastings, 1529
  • Ilchester, Henry Edward Fox-Strangways, 1756
  • Innes, J.H.R. Innes-Ker, 1837 (Roxburghe, D., 1707 *)
  • Jersey, Victor Albert Geo. Child Villiers, 1697, o
  • Kimberley, John Wodehouse, 1866
  • Lanesborough, J.V. Danvers Butler, 1756, b
  • Lauderdale, Thomas Maitland, 1624, a
  • Leicester, T.W. Coke, 1837
  • Leven and Melville, J.T. Leslie-Melville, 1641, a
  • Lichfield, T.G. Anson, 1831
  • Lindsey, G.A.F.A. Bertie, 1626
  • Lonsdale, H. Lowther, 1807
  • Lovelace, W. King-Noel, 1838
  • Lucan, G.C. Bingham 1795, b
  • Macclesfield, T.A.W. Parker, 1721
  • Malmesbury, Jas. Howard Harris, 1800
  • Mansfield, Wm. D. Murray, 1776 *
  • Manvers, Sydney William Herbert Pierrepont, 1806
  • Minto, Wm. Hugh Elliot M. Kynymound, 1813
  • Morley, A. Edm. Parker, 1815
  • Morton, S.J.W. Douglas, 1458, a
  • Mountcashel, Step. Moore, 1781, b
  • Mount Edgcumbe, Wm. Henry Edgcumbe, 1789
  • Munster, Wm. George Fitz-Clarence, 1831
  • Nelson, Horatio Nelson, 1805
  • Onslow, W.H. Onslow, 1801
  • Orford, H.W. Walpole, 1806
  • Pembroke and Montgomery, George Robert Charles Herbert, 1551
  • Portarlington, H.J.R. Dawson-Damer, 1785, b
  • Portsmouth, Isaac Newton Fellowes-Wallop, 1742
  • Poulett, W.H. Poulett, 1706
  • Powis, E.J. Herbert, 1804, o
  • Radnor, Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 1765
  • Ravensworth, H.T. Liddell, 1874
  • Romney, C. Marsham, 1801
  • Rosse, L. Parsons, 1806 b
  • Rosslyn, Francis Robert St. Clair Erskine, 1801
  • Russell, John Russell, 1861
  • Saint Germans, E.G. Eliot, 1815
  • Sandwich, J.W. Montagu, 1660
  • Scarbrough, R.G. Lumley, 1690 (Lumley, V. o)
  • Selkirk, D.J. Douglas, 1646, a
  • Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1672
  • Shrewsbury and Talbot, Charles John Chetwynd-Talbot, 1442 and 1784, o
  • Somers, Chas. S. Somers Cocks, 1821
  • Spencer, John Poyntz Spencer, 1765
  • Stamford and Warrington G.H. Grey, 1628
  • Stanhope, Philip Henry Stanhope, 1718
  • Stradbroke, J.E. Cornwallis Rous, 1821
  • Strafford, George Stevens Byng, 1847
  • Strange, J.J.H.H. Murray, 1786 (Athole, D., 1703 *)
  • Strathmore, C. Bowes-Lyon, 1677, a
  • Suffolk and Berkshire, Chas. John Howard, 1603
  • Sydney, John R. Townshend, 1874.
  • Tankerville, Charles Bennet, 1714
  • Vane, G.H.R.C. Vane-Tempest, 1823 (Londonderry, M., 1816, o)
  • Verulam, J. Walter Grimston, 1815, * o
  • Waldegrave, William Fred Waldegrave, 1729
  • Westmoreland, F.W.H. Fane, 1624
  • Wicklow, C.F.A. Howard, 1793, b
  • Wilton, Thos. Egerton, 1801
  • Winchilsea & Nottingham, G.J. Finch-Hatton, 1628
  • Winton, Archibald Wm. Montgomerie, 1859 (Eglinton, E., 1507 *)
  • Yarborough, C.M.W. Anderson-Pelham, 1837
  • Zetland, L. Dundas, 1838

    • viscounts.

  • Bangor, Edw. Ward, 1781, b
  • Bolingbroke and St. John, Henry St. John, 1712
  • Bridport, A.N. Hood, 1868, o
  • Canterbury, J.H.T. Manners Sutton, 1835
  • - 15 - {f.15} Cardwell, E. Cardwell, 1874
  • Clancarty, R.S. Trench, 1823, o
  • Combermere, Wellington H. Stapleton-Cotton, 1826
  • De Vesci, Thomas Vesey, 1776, b
  • Doneraile, Hayes St. Leger, 1785 b
  • Eversley, C.S. Lefevre, 1857
  • Exmouth, E. Pellew, 1816
  • Falmouth, Evelyn Boscawen, 1720
  • Gordon, John Campbell Hamilton Gordon, 1814 (Aberdeen, E., 1682 *)
  • Gough, George Stephens Gough, 1849
  • Halifax, Chas. Wood, 1866
  • Hardinge, Charles Stewart Hardinge, 1846
  • Hawarden, Cornwallis Maude, 1793, b
  • Hereford, Robert Devereux, 1550
  • Hill, Rowland Hill, 1842
  • Hillsborough, A. Roden Hill, 1772 (Downshire, M. o)
  • Hood, Francis Wheler Hood, 1796, o
  • Hutchinson, John Luke G.H. Hutchinson, 1821 (Donoughmore, E., 1800, o)
  • Leinster, A.F. Fitzgerald, 1747 (Leinster, D., 1766, o)
  • Lifford, Jas. Hewitt, 1781, b
  • Melville, H. Dundas, 1802
  • Portman, E. Berkeley Portman, 1873
  • Powerscourt, Mervyn Wingfield, 1743, b
  • St. Vincent, Carnegie R.J. Jervis, 1801
  • Sidmouth, Wm. Wells Addington, 1805
  • Stratford de Redclyffe, S. Canning, 1852
  • Strathallan, W.H. Drummond, 1686, a
  • Templetown, Geo. Fred, Upton, 1806, b
  • Torrington, G. Byng, 1721

    • bishops.

  • Bangor, J.C. Campbell, 1859
  • Bath and Wells, Lord A.C. Hervey, 1869.
  • Carlisle, H. Goodwin, 1869.
  • Chester, W. Jacobson, 1865
  • Chichester, R. Durnford, 1870
  • Durham, Chas. Baring, 1861
  • Ely, J.R. Woodford, D.D., 1873
  • Exeter, F. Temple, D.D., 1869
  • Gloucester and Bristol, C.J. Ellicott, 1862
  • Hereford, James Atlay, 1868
  • Lichfield, G.A. Selwyn, 1868
  • Lincoln, Chris. Wordsworth, 1869.
  • Llandaff, A. Ollivant, 1849
  • London, J. Jackson, 1868
  • Manchester, James Fraser, 1870
  • Norwich, Hon. J.T. Pelham, 1857
  • Oxford, J.F. Mackarness, 1869
  • Peterborough, Wm. Connor Magee, 1868
  • Ripon, R. Bickersteth, 1856
  • Rochester, Thos. Legh Claughton, 1867
  • St. Asaph, Joshua Hughes, 1870
  • St. David’s, W.B. Jones, D.D., 1874
  • Salisbury, G. Moberly, 1869
  • Winchester, E.H. Browne, 1873
  • Worcester, H. Philpott, 1861
  • [The Bishop of St. David’s has no seat in the House of Lords.]

    • barons.

  • Abercromby, G.R. Abercromby, 1801
  • Aberdare, H.A. Bruce, 1873
  • Abinger, W.F. Scarlett, 1835
  • Acton, J.E.E. Dalberg-Acton, 1869
  • Annaly, Luke White, 1863
  • Arundell of Wardour, John Francis Arundell, 1605
  • Ashburton, Alex. Hugh Baring, 1835
  • Auckland, Wm. Geo. Eden, 1789, o
  • Aveland, Gilbert Henry Heathcote, 1856
  • Bagot, Wm. Bagot, 1780
  • Balinhard, Jas. Carnegie, 1869 (Southesk, E., 1633 *)
  • Barrogill, James Sinclair, 1866 (E. Caithness *, 1455, a)
  • Bateman, William B. Bateman Hanbury, 1837
  • Beaumont, Henry Stapleton, 1309
  • Belper, Edw. Strutt, 1856
  • Berwick, W. Noel Hill, 1784
  • Blachford, Fred. Rogers, 1871
  • Blantyre, Cs. Stuart, 1606, a
  • Bloomfield, J.A.D. Bloomfield, 1871 (B. 1825, o)
  • Bolton, Wm. H.O. Powlett, 1797
  • Boston, Florance George Henry Irby, 1761
  • Botreaux, Charles Edward Hastings Ab. Hastings, 1369
  • Boyle, R. Boyle, 1711 (Cork and Orrery, E., 1620, o)
  • Brancepeth, G.F. Hamilton-Russell, 1866 (Boyne, V., 1717, o)
  • Braybrooke, C. Cornwallis Neville, 1788
  • Breadalbane, Campbell 1873 (E. 1677 *)
  • Brodrick, William Brodrick, 1796 (MiddletonMidleton, V., 1717, o)
  • Brougham and Vaux, William Brougham, 1860
  • Byron, Geo. Fred. Wm. Byron, 1643
  • Cairns, Hugh M‘Calmont Cairns, 1867
  • Calthorpe, Frederic Henry W. Gough Calthorpe, 1796
  • Campbell, 1841, and Stratheden, 1836. Wm. Fred. Campbell
  • Camoys, Thos. Stonor, 1383
  • Carew, R.S. Carew, 1838, o
  • Carleton, Henry Bentinck Boyle, 1786 (Shannon, E., 1756, o)
  • Carington, Chas. Robert Carington, 1797, o
  • Carlingford, Chichester S.P. Fortescue, 1874
  • Carysfort, W.L. Proby, 1801 (Carysfort, E., 1789, o)
  • Castlemaine, R. Handcock, 1812, b
  • Castletown, J.W. Fitzpatrick, 1869
  • Charlemont, Jas. Molyneux Caulfeild, 1837 (Charlemont, E., 1763, o)
  • Chaworth, Wm. Brabazon, 1831 (Meath, E., 1627, o)
  • Chelmsford, Fred. Thesiger, 1858
  • Chesham, William George Cavendish, 1858
  • Churchill, Francis George Spencer, 1815
  • Churston, J. Yarde Buller, 1858
  • Clanbrassil, Robt. Jocelyn, 1821 (Roden, E., 1771, o)
  • Clanwilliam, Rich. Meade 1828 (Clanwm., E., 1776, o)
  • Clements, W.S. Clements, 1831 (Leitrim, E., 1795, o)
  • Clermont, Thomas Fortescue, 1866 (B. 1852, o)
  • Clifford of Chudleigh, Hugh Charles Clifford, 1672
  • - 16 - {f.16} Clifton, J.S. Bligh, 1608 (E. Darnley, 1725, o)
  • Clinton, Charles Henry Rolle Trefusis, 1299
  • Clonbrock, R. Dillon, 1790, b
  • Cloncurry, Valentine Lawless, 1831, (B. 1789, o)
  • Colchester, Reginald Chas. Edward Abbot, 1817
  • Coleridge, John Duke Coleridge, 1874
  • Colville of Culross, Charles John Colville, 1609, a
  • Congleton, John Paruell, 1841
  • Conyers, Sackville George Lane Fox, 1509
  • Cottesloe, Thomas Francis Fremantle, 1874
  • Crewe, H. Crewe, 1806
  • Crofton, Edward Henry Churchill, 1797, b
  • Dacre, T.C.W. Trevor, 1307
  • De Clifford, Edw. Southwell Russell, 1269
  • De Freyne, John French, 1851
  • De la Zouche, Robert Nath. Geo. Curzon, 1372
  • Delamere, Hugh Cholmondeley, 1821
  • De L’Isle & Dudley, Philip Sidney Foulis, 1835
  • De Mauley, C.F.A.C. Ponsonby, 1838
  • Denman, T. Denman, 1834
  • De Ros, Dudley Charles Fitzgerald de Ros, 1264
  • De Saumarez, John St. V. Saumarez, 1831
  • De Tabley, G. Warren, 1826
  • Digby, Edw. St. Vincent Digby, 1765, o
  • Dorchester, G. Carleton, 1786
  • Dormer, J.B. Joseph Dormer, 1615
  • Dunboyne, Theobald Fitzwalter Butler, 1541 b
  • Dunmore, Charles Adolphus Murray, 1831 (E., 1686 *)
  • Dunning, John R. Rollo, 1869 (Rollo, B., 1651 *)
  • Dunsandle and Clanconal, Denis St. Geo. Daly, 1845, b
  • Dunsany, E. Plunkett, 1461, b
  • Dynevor, Rev. F.W. Rice, 1780
  • Ebury, Robert Grosvenor, 1857
  • Egerton, W.T. Egerton, 1859
  • Elgin, Victor Alex. Bruce, 1849 (Elgin. E., 1633 *)
  • Eliot, W.G.C. Eliot, 1784
  • Ellenborough, Charles Edmund Law, 1802
  • Elphinstone, W.B.F. Elphinstone, 1509, a
  • Emly, William Monsell, 1873
  • Erskine, Thos. Americus Erskine, 1806
  • Ettrick, Francis Napier, 1872 (Napier *)
  • Fingall, Arthur J. Plunket, 1831 (Fingall, E., 1628, o)
  • Fisherwick, G.H. Chichester, 1790 (Donegall, M., 1791, o)
  • Fitzhardinge, Francis Wm. Fitzhard. Berkeley, 1861
  • Fitzwalter, Brook Wm. Bridges, 1868
  • Foley, H.T. Foley, 1776
  • Forbes, Horace Courtenay Forbes, 1442, a
  • Forester, J.G. Weld Forester, 1821
  • Foxford, W.H.J.C. Pery, 1815 (Limerick, E., 1803, o)
  • Gage, H. Hall Gage, 1790, (Gage, V., 1720, o)
  • Gardner, Alan Legge Gardner, 1806, o
  • Gifford, E.F. Gifford, 1824
  • Gormanston, E.A.J. Preston, 1868 (V. 1478, o)
  • Granard, Geo. Arthur Hastings Forbes, 1806 (Granard, E., 1684, o)
  • Grantley, F. Norton, 1782
  • Greville, F.S. Greville-Nugent, 1869
  • Grinstead, W. Willoughby Cole, 1815 (Enniskillen, E. 1789, o)
  • Gwydyr, P.R. Burrell, 1796
  • Hammond, Edmund Hammond, 1874
  • Hampton, John Somerset Pakington, 1874
  • Hanmer, John Hanmer, 1872
  • Hare, Wm. Hare, 1869 (Listowel, E., 1822, o)
  • Harris, G.R.C. Harris, 1815
  • Hartismere, J.M. Henniker-Major, 1866 (Henniker, B. 1800, o.)
  • Hastings, Bernard Edward Delaval Astley, 1290
  • Hatherley, Wm. Page Wood, 1868
  • Hatherton, E.R. Littleton, 1835
  • Hawke, Rev. E.H.J. Hawke, 1776
  • Hay, George Drummond, 1711 (Kinnoul, E. 1704 *)
  • Headley, C. Allanson Winn, 1797, b
  • Heytesbury, Wm. Henry A’Court Holmes, 1828
  • Hopetoun, J.A.L. Hope, 1809 (Hopetoun, E., 1703 *)
  • Houghton, R. Monckton Milnes, 1863
  • Howard of Glossop, Edw. Geo. Fitzalan Howard, 1869
  • Howard de Walden and Seaford, Fred. Geo. Ellis, 1597
  • Hunsdon, L.B. Cary, 1832 (Falkland, V., 1620 *)
  • Hylton, Wm. Hylton JoliffeJolliffe, 1866
  • Inchiquin, Edw. Donough O’Brien, 1536, b
  • Keane, Ed. Arthur Wellington Keane, 1839
  • Kenlis, T. Taylour, 1831 (Headfort, M., 1800, o)
  • Kenmare, Val. Aug. Browne, 1856 (E., 1800, o)
  • Kenry, W.T. Wyndham-Quin, 1866 (Dunraven, E., o)
  • Kenyon, Lloyd Kenyon, 1788
  • Ker, Schomberg H. Ker, 1821 (Lothian, M., 1701 *)
  • Kesteven, John Trollope, 1868
  • Kildare, Charles William Fitzgerald (M. o), 1870
  • Kilmarnock, W. Harry Hay 1831 (Erroll, E., 1452 *)
  • Kintore, F.A. Keith-Falconer, 1838 (E., 1677 *)
  • Lanerton, Edward Granville Geo. Howard, 1873
  • Lawrence, John Laird Mair Lawrence, 1869
  • Leconfield, Henry Wyndham, 1859
  • Leigh, W.H. Leigh, 1839
  • Lilford, T. Lytt. Powys, 1797
  • Lisgar, John Young, 1870
  • Lismore, G.P. O’Callaghan, 1838 (V., 1806, o)
  • Loftus, J.H.W.G. Loftus, 1801 (Ely, M., 1800, o)
  • Londesborough, W.H.F. Denison, 1850
  • Lovat, T.A. Fraser, 1837, B. *
  • Lovel and Holland, C.G. Perceval, 1762 (Egmont, E., 1733, o)
  • Lurgan, C. Brownlow, 1839
  • Lyons, R.B.P. Lyons, 1856
  • Lyttelton, G.W. Lyttelton, 1794 (B. 1776, o)
  • Lytton, Edward Robert Bulwer Lytton, 1866
  • Lyveden, Fitzpatrick Henry Vernon, 1859
  • Manners, J.T. Manners-Sutton, 1807
  • - 17 - ↑ {f.17} Meldrum, C. Gordon, 1815 (Huntly, M., 1599 *)
  • Mendip and Dover, Geo. Agar Ellis, 1794 (Clifden, V., 1871, o)
  • Meredyth, Jas. Herbert M. Somerville, 1866 (Athlumney, B., 1863, o)
  • Methuen, F.H. Paul Methuen, 1838
  • Middleton, H. Willoughby, 1711
  • Minster, F. Nathaniel Conyngham, 1821 (Conyngham, M., 1816, o)
  • Monck, Charles Stanley Monck, 1866 (V., 1800, o)
  • Moncreiff, James Wellwood Moncreiff, 1873
  • Monson, W.J. Monson, 1728
  • Monteagle, G.J. Browne 1806 (Sligo, M., 1800, o)
  • Monteagle of Brandon, Thomas S. Rice, 1839
  • Moore, H.F.S. Moore, 1801 (Drogheda, M., 1791, o)
  • Mostyn, E.M. Lloyd Mostyn, 1831
  • Napier of Magdala, Robert Cornelis Napier, 1868
  • Northbrook, Thomas Geo. Baring, 1865
  • Northwick, G. Rushout, 1797
  • O’Hagan, Thos. O’Hagan, 1870
  • O’Neill, Rev. William O’Neill, 1868
  • Oranmore and Browne, G.D.A.F. Guthrie, 1836, b
  • Oriel, Clotworthy J. Eyre Foster Skeffington, 1821 (MassereeneMasserene, V., 1660, o)
  • Ormathwaite, John Benn Walsh, 1868
  • Ormonde, J.E.W.T. Butler, 1821 (M., 1825, o)
  • Overstone, S.J. Loyd, 1850
  • Oxenfoord, John Dalrymple, 1841 (Stair, E., 1703 *)
  • Penrhyn, E. Gordon Douglas Pennant, 1866
  • Penzance, James Plaisted Wilde, 1869
  • Petre, W. Barnard Petre, 1603
  • Plunket, Rev. W.C. Plunket, 1827
  • Poltimore, A.F.G. Bampfylde, 1831
  • Ponsonby, J.G.B. Ponsonby, 1749 (Bessborough, E., 1739, o)
  • Raglan, R.H. Fitz Roy Somerset, 1852
  • Ranfurly, T.G.H.S. Knox, 1826 (E., 1831, o)
  • Ravensworth, H.G. Liddell, 1821
  • Rayleigh, J.W. Strutt, 1821
  • Redesdale, J.T.F. Mitford, 1802
  • Ribblesdale, T. Lister, 1797
  • Rivers, Horace Pitt-Rivers, 1802
  • Robartes, Thos. Jas. Agar Robartes, 1869
  • Rodney, G.B.H. Dennett Rodney, 1782
  • Romilly, John Romilly, 1865
  • Rosebery, A. Primrose, 1828 (E., 1703 *)
  • Ross, Geo. Fred. Boyle, 1815 (Glasgow, E., 1703 *)
  • Rossie and Kinnaird, G.W.F. Kinnaird, 1831 (Kinnaird, B., 1682*)
  • Rossmore, D.W.W. Westenra, 1838 (B., 1796, o)
  • St. John of Bletso, St. Andrew Beauchamp St. John, 1558
  • St. Leonards, E.B. Sugden, 1852
  • Saltersford, James George Henry Stopford, 1794 (Courtown, E., 1762, o)
  • Saltoun, A. Fraser, 1445, a
  • Sandhurst, Wm. Rose Mansfield, 1871
  • Sandys, A.F. Sandys, 1802
  • Saye and Sele, Rev. F.T. Wykeham Fiennes, 1603
  • Scarsdale, A.N.H. Curzon, 1761
  • Seaton, J. Colborne, 1839
  • Sefton, W.P. Molyneux, 1831 (E., 1771, o)
  • Selborne, Roundell Palmer, 1872
  • Sheffield, G. Aug. Fred. C. Holroyd, 1802 (E., 1816, o)
  • Sherborne, J.H. Legge Dutton, 1784
  • Silchester, W.L. Pakenham, 1821 (Longford, E., 1785, o)
  • Sinclair, James St. Clair, 1489, a
  • Skelmersdale, E. Bootle-Wilbraham, 1828
  • Skene, James Duff, 1857 (Fife, E., 1759, o)
  • Somerhill, Hubert de Burgh Canning, 1826 (Clanricarde, M., 1825, o)
  • Somerton, J.C.H. Welbore Ellis, 1873 (Normanton, E. 1806)
  • Sondes, G.J. Milles, 1760
  • Southampton, C.H. Fitzroy, 1780
  • Stafford, H. Valentine Stafford-Jerningham, 1640
  • Stanley of Alderley, Henry Edw. J. Stanley, 1839
  • Stewart of Garlies, Alan Plantagenet Stewart, 1796 (Galloway, E., 1623 *)
  • Stourton, Alfred Joseph Stourton, 1448
  • Strafford, G. Henry Chas. Byng (Enfield, V.), 1835
  • Strathnairn, Hugh Henry Rose, 1866
  • Strathspey, J.C. Gran Ogilvie, 1858 (Seafield, E. 1701 *)
  • Stuart de Decies, H.W.V. Stuart, 1839
  • Stuart of Castle Stuart, George Stuart, 1796 (Moray, E., 1561 *)
  • Sudeley, Sudeley Charles G. Hanbury Tracy, 1838
  • Suffield, Ch. Harbord, 1786
  • Sundridge and Hamilton, G.D. Campbell, 1776 (Argyll, D., 1701*)
  • Talbot de Malahide, James Talbot, 1856 (B., 1831, o)
  • Templemore, H. Spencer Chichester, 1831
  • Tenterden, C.S. Abbot, 1827
  • Teynham, G.H. Roper-Curzon, 1616
  • Thurlow, Thomas J. Hovel-Thurlow, 1792
  • Tredegar, Chas. M.R. Morgan, 1859
  • Truro, C.R.C. Wilde, 1850
  • Tyrone, John Henry de la Poer Beresford, 1786 (Waterford, M., 1789, o)
  • Vaux of Harrowden, G. Mostyn, 1523
  • Ventry, D. Blakeney De Moleyns, 1800, b
  • Vernon, Aug. H. Venables-Vernon, 1762
  • Vivian, C.C. Vivian, 1841
  • Walsingham, T. De Grey, 1780
  • Waveney, R.A. Shafto Adair, 1873
  • Wemyss, F. Wemyss-Charteris-DouglasDoughlas, 1821 (Wemyss and March, E., 1633*)
  • Wenlock, Beilby Richard Lawley, 1839
  • Wentworth, R.G. Noel MilbankMilbanke, 1529
  • Westbury, Richard Aug. Bethell, 1861
  • Wharncliffe, E.M. Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, 1826
  • Wigan, A.W.C. Lindsay, 1826 (Crawford and Balcarres, E., 1398 & 1651*)
  • Willoughby de Broke, Hen Verney, 1492
  • - 18 - ↑ {f.18} Windsor, Rob. Geo. Windsor-Clive, 1592
  • Winmarleigh, John Wilson Patten, 1874
  • Wolverton, G.C. Glyn, 1869
  • Worlingham, Arch. B.S. Acheson 1835 (Gosford, E., 1806, o)
  • Wrottesley, Arthur Wrottesley, 1838
  • Wynford, W.D.M. Best, 1829
    • Keyword Tags : list, government, aristocracy, columns, Scotland, Ireland, politics, Britain

    PEERESSES.

  • Berners, Baroness, 1455, Tyrwhitt
  • Burdett-Coutts, Baroness, 1871, Burdett-Coutts
  • Cromartie, Countess, 1861, Leveson-Gower
  • Le Despencer, Baroness, 1264, Boscawen
  • Lucas, Baroness, 1663, Cowper
  • North, Baroness, 1554, North
  • Willoughby de Eresby, Baroness, 1313, Drummond-Willoughby
    • Keyword Tags : list, aristocracy, government, columns, Scotland, Ireland, England, Britain

    [PEERS WHO ARE] MINORS, WITH THE YEARS OF THEIR MAJORITY

  • Botreaux, Hungerford, and Hastings, Lord, 1876
  • Byron, Lord, 1876
  • Camden, Marquis, 1893
  • Hillsborough, Earl. 1892
  • Hopetoun, Lord, 1881
  • Kenyon, Lord, 1885
  • Mendip & Dover, Lord, 1884
  • Meredyth, Lord, 1886
  • Rodney, Lord, 1878
  • Southampton, Lord, 1888
  • Windsor, Lord, 1878
    • Keyword Tags : list, aristocracy, government, columns, Scotland, Ireland, England, children, Britain

    SECONDARY AND DUPLICATE TITLES OF PEERS

    ⁂ To obviate the difficulty of finding the names of those Scotch and Irish Peers who sit in Parliament under English Titles, we subjoin the following List of them as also of English Peers who have a higher title by courtesy.
  • Aberdeen, E. (see Gordon, V.)
  • Argyll, D. (see Sundridge and Hamilton, B.)
  • Athlumney, B. (see Meredyth, B.)
  • Athole, D. (see Strange, E.)
  • Bessborough, E. (see Ponsonby, B.)
  • Boyne, V. (Brancepeth, B.)
  • Buccleuch, D. (see Doncaster, E.)
  • Caithness, E. (see Barrogill, B.)
  • Clanricarde, M. (see Somerhill, B.)
  • Clifden, V. (see Mendip, B.)
  • Conyngham, M. (see Minster, B.)
  • Cork and Orrery, E. (see Boyle, B.)
  • Courtown, E. (see Saltersford, B.)
  • Crawford and Balcarres, E. (see Wigan, B.)
  • Cremorne, E. (Dartrey, E.)
  • Darnley, E. (see Clifton, B.)
  • Donegall, M. (see Fisherwick, B.)
  • Donoughmore, E. (see Hutchinson, V.)
  • Downshire, M. (see Hillsborough, E.)
  • Drogheda, M. (Moore, B.)
  • Dunraven, E. (Kenry, B.)
  • Eglinton, E. (see Winton, E.)
  • Egmont, E. (see Lovel, B.)
  • Ely, M. (see Loftus, B.)
  • Enfield, V. (see Strafford, B.)
  • Enniskillen, E. (see Grinstead, B.)
  • Erroll, E. (see Kilmarnock, B)
  • Falkland, V. (Hunsdon, B.)
  • Fife, E. (see Skene, B.)
  • Galloway, E. (see Stewart of Garlies, B.)
  • Glasgow, E. (see Ross, B.)
  • Gosford, E. (see Worlingham, B.)
  • Hamilton, D. (see Brandon, D.)
  • Headfort, M. (Kenlis, B.)
  • Henniker, B. (see Hartismere, B.)
  • Huntly, M. (Meldrum, B.)
  • Kinnaird, B. (see Rossie, B.)
  • Kinnoul, E. (see Hay, B.)
  • Leitrim, E. (Clements, B.)
  • Limerick, E. (see Foxford, B.)
  • Listowel, E. (see Hare, B.)
  • Londonderry, M. (see Vane, E.)
  • Longford, E. (see Silchester, B.)
  • Lothian, M. (see Ker, B.)
  • Lumley V. (see Scarbrough, E.)
  • MassereeneMassarene, V. (see Oriel, B.)
  • Meath, E. (Chaworth, B.)
  • MiddletonMidleton, V. (see Brodrick, B.)
  • Montrose, D. (Graham, E.)
  • Moray, E. (see Stuart of Castle Stuart, B.)
  • Normanton, E. (see Somerton, B.)
  • Roden, E. (see Clanbrassil, B.)
  • Rollo, B. (see Dunning, B.)
  • Roxburghe, D. (see Innes, E.)
  • Seafield, E. (Strathspey, B.)
  • Shannon, E. (Carleton, B.)
  • Sligo, M. (Monteagle, B.)
  • Southesk, E. (see Balinhard, B.)
  • Stair, E. (Oxenfoord, B.)
  • Waterford, M. (Tyrone, B.)
    • Keyword Tags : list, aristocracy, government, columns, Scotland, Ireland, England, Britain

    OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS.

  • Clerk of the Parliaments, Sir J.G. Shaw Lefevre, K.C.B.
  • Clk. Assistant, Sir W. Rose, K.C.B.
  • Counsel to Chairman of Committees, J.H. Warner, Esq.
  • Reading Clerk, and Clerk of Out-door Committees, Hon. S. Bethell.
  • Chief Clerk, E.M. Parratt, Esq.
  • Clerk of Public Bills, H.C. Malkin, Esq.
  • Principal Clerk Private Bill Office, B.S.R. Adam, Esq.
  • Short-hand Writer, W.H. Gurney Salter, Esq.
  • Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, Admiral Sir A.W. Clifford, Bart., C.B.
  • Yeo. Ush. Col. R.C.S. Clifford
  • Serjeant-at-Arms, Hon. Lt.-Col. W.P.M.C. Talbot
  • Deputy, G. Goodbody, Esq.
  • Prin. Door-keeper, R. Moody
  • Librarian, J.H. Pulman, Esq.
  • Deputy Librarian, W.J. Thoms, Esq., F.S.A.
    • Keyword Tags : list, government, columns, Britain, work, military, GLAM

    ↑ - 19 - {f.19} THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.

    ELECTED FEB., 1874.
    Speaker — Right Hon. H.B.W. Brand.
    Chairman of Committees — H.C. Raikes, Esq.

    EnglishCounty Members172459
    Universities  5
    Cities and Boroughs282
    WelshCounty Members 15 30
    Cities and Boroughs 15
    ScotchCounty Members 32 60
    Cities and Boroughs 26
    Universities  2
    IrishCounty Members 64103
    University  2
    Cities and Boroughs 37
    Total Number of Members652

    ENGLAND AND WALES.

  • 1 Abingdon, J.C. Clarke, L.
  • 2 Andover, Cpt. Wellesley, C.
  • 3 Angleseyshire, R. Davies, L.
  • 4 Ashton-under-Lyne, T.W. Mellor, C.
  • 5 Aylesbury, S.G. Smith, C., N.M. Rothschild, L.
  • 6 Banbury, Bernhard Samuelson, L.
  • 7 Barnstaple, T. Cave, L., S.D. Waddy, Q.C., L.
  • 8 Bath, Major N.P.G. Bousfield, C., Lt.-Col. A. Hayter, L.
  • 9 Beaumaris, Morgan Lloyd, Q.C., L.
  • 10 Bedford, S. Whitbread, L., Capt. F.C. Polhill Turner, C.
  • 11 Bedfordshire, Col. R.T. Gilpin, C., Francis Bassett, L.
  • 12 Berkshire, R. Benyon, C., Lt.-Col. Loyd Lindsay, C., J. Walter, L.
  • 13 Berwick, Sir D.C. Marjoribanks, Bt., L., Capt. Milne Home, C.
  • 14 Bewdley, C. Harrison, L.
  • 15 Birkenhead, M‘Iver, D., C.
  • 16 Birmingham, Rt. Hon. John Bright, L., G. Dixon, L., P.H. Muntz, L.
  • 17 Blackburn, H.M. Feilden, C., W.E. Briggs, L.
  • 18 Bodmin, Hon. E. Leveson-Gower, L.
  • 19 Bolton, J.K. Cross, L., J. Hick, C.
  • 20 Boston, W.J. Ingram, L., J.W. Malcolm, C.
  • 21 Bradford, Rt. Hon. W.E. Forster, L., H.W. Ripley, L.
  • 22 Brecknock, J.P.W. Gwynne Holford, C.
  • 23 Brecknockshire, Major Hon. G.C. Morgan, C.
  • 24 Bridgnorth, Wm. Henry Foster, L.
  • 25 Bridport, T.A. Mitchell, L.
  • 26 Brighton, J.L. Ashbury, C., Major-Gen. C.C. Shute, C.
  • 27 Bristol, S. Morley, L., Kirkman D. Hodgson, L.
  • 28 Buckingham, E.J. Hubbard, jun. C.
  • 29 Buckinghamshire, Right Hon. B. Disraeli, Sir R. Bateson Harvey, Bt., C., N.G. Lambert, L.
  • 30 Burnley, R. Shaw, L.
  • 31 Bury, Lancashire, R.N. Phillips, L.
  • 32 Bury St. Edmund’s, Edw. Greene, C., Lord F. Hervey, C.
  • 33 Calne, Lord Edmund G. Fitzmaurice, L.
  • 34 Cambridge, Alfred Geo. Marten, C., Patrick Boyle Smollett, C.
  • 35 Cambridge University, Rt. Hon. Spencer H. Walpole, C., A.J. Beresford Hope, C.
  • 36 Cambridgeshire, Rt. Hon. H.B.W. Brand, L., Hon. E.C. Yorke, C., H. Rodwell, Q.C., C.
  • 37 Canterbury, H.A. Butler Johnstone, C., L.A. Majendie, C.
  • 38 Cardiff, &c., Lt.-Col. J.F.D.C. Stuart, L.
  • 39 Cardigan, &c., David Davies, L.
  • 40 Cardiganshire, Thomas Edward Lloyd, C.
  • 41 Carlisle, Sir Wilfrid Lawson, Bart., L.R. Ferguson L.
  • 42 Carmarthen, &c., C.W. Neville, C.
  • 43 Carmarthenshire, Visc Emlyn, C., John Jones, C.
  • 44 Carnarvon, &c., W. Bulkeley Hughes, L.
  • 45 Carnarvonshire, Hon. G. Douglas Pennant, C.
  • 46 Chatham, Admiral G. Elliot, C.
  • 47 Chelsea, Sir C. Wentworth Dilke, Bt. L., Wm. Gordon, C.
  • 48 Cheltenham, J.T. Agg-Gardner, C.
  • 49 Cheshire, East, W.J. Legh, C., W. Cunliffe Brooks, C.
  • 50 Cheshire, Mid, Hon. W. Egerton, C., Colonel Egerton Leigh, C.
  • 51 Cheshire, West, Sir P.D.M.G. Egerton, Bt., C., W.F. Tollemache, C.
  • 52 Chester, H.C. Raikes, C., Right Hon. J.G. Dodson, L.
  • 53 Chichester, Lord H.C.G.G. Lennox, C.
  • 54 Chippenham, Gabriel Goldney, C.
  • 55 Christchurch, Sir H. Drummond Wolff, C.
  • 56 Cirencester, Allen Alex. Bathurst, C.
  • 57 Clitheroe, R. Assheton, C.
  • 58 Cockermouth, Isaac Fletcher, L.
  • 59 Colchester, Lt.-Col. A. Learmonth, C., H.B.M. Praed, C.
  • 60 Cornwall, East, Sir C. Rashleigh, Bt., L., John Tremayne, C.
  • 61 Cornwall, West, Sir John St. Aubyn, L., A. Pendarves Vivian, L.
  • - 20 - {f.20} 62 Coventry, H.W. Eaton, C.H.M. Jackson, L.
  • 63 Cricklade, &c., Sir D. Gooch, Bt., C., Ambrose L. Goddard, C.
  • 64 Cumberland, East, W.N. Hodgson, C., Hon. C.W.G. Howard, L.
  • 65 Cumberland, West, Hon. P.S. Wyndham, C., Lord Muncaster, C.
  • 66 Darlington, Edm. Backhouse, L.
  • 67 Denbigh, &c., Watkin WilliamsWiliams, L.
  • 68 Denbighshire, Sir Watkin W. Wynne, C., G. Osborne Morgan, L.
  • 69 Derby, M.T. Bass, L., Sam. Plimsoll, L.
  • 70 Derbyshire, East, Rear Adm. Hon. F. Egerton, L., F. Arkwright, C.
  • 71 Derbyshire, North, Lord G.H. Cavendish, L., Cpt. A.P. Arkwright, C.
  • 72 Derbyshire, South, Col. Sir H. Wilmot, Bart., C., T.W. Evans, L.
  • 73 Devizes, Sir T. Bateson, Bt., C.
  • 74 Devonport, J.H. Puleston, C., Cpt. G.E. Price, C.
  • 75 Devonshire, East, Sir L. Palk, Bt., C., Sir J.H. Kennaway, C.
  • 76 Devonshire, North, Rt. Hon. Sir S.H. Northcote, Bt., C., Sir T. Dyke Acland, Bt, L.
  • 77 Devonshire, South, Sir M. Lopes, Bt., C., J. Carpenter Garnier, C.
  • 78 Dewsbury, Serjeant John Simon, L.
  • 79 Dorchester, W.E. Brymer, C.
  • 80 Dorsetshire, Hon. W.H.B. Portman, L., H.G. Sturt, C., J. Floyer, C.
  • 81 Dover, Maj. A.G. Dickson, C., C.K. Freshfield, C.
  • 82 Droitwich, J. Corbett, L.
  • 83 Dudley, H.B. Sheridan, L.
  • 84 Durham City, Farrer Herschell, L., Sir Arthur E. Monck, Bart., L.
  • 85 Durham, North, Charles M. Palmer, L., Sir Geo. Elliot, Bart., L.
  • 86 Durham, South, J.W. Pease, L., Major F.E.B. Beaumont, L.
  • 87 East Retford, Visc. Galway, C., F.J.S. Foljambe, L.
  • 88 Essex, North-East, James Round, C., Col. Ruggles-Brise, C.
  • 89 Essex, North-West, Sir H.J. Selwin-Ibbetson, Bart., C., Lord Eustace Cecil, C.
  • 90 Essex, South, Thos. C. Baring, C., Lt.-Col. Wm. T. Makins, C.
  • 91 Evesham, Col. J. Bourne, C.
  • 92 Exeter, Arthur Mills, C., J.G. Johnson, C.
  • 93 Eye, Visc. Barrington, C.
  • 94 Falmouth and Penryn, David J. Jenkins, L., Henry T. Cole, L.
  • 95 Finsbury, W. M‘C. Torrens, L., Sir Andrew Lusk, Bart., L.
  • 96 Flint, &c., P.E. Eyton, L.
  • 97 Flintsh., Rt. Hon. Lord R. de A. Grosvenor, L.
  • 98 Frome, H.C. Lopes, Q.C., C.
  • 99 Gateshead, W.H. James, L.
  • 100 Glamorgansh., C.R.M. Talbot, L., H.H. Vivian, L.
  • 101 Gloucester, W.K. Wait, C., C.J. Monk, L.
  • 102 Gloucestershire, East, Sir M.E.H. Beach, Bart., C., John Reginald Yorke, C.
  • 103 Gloucestershire, West, Hon. R. Randal E. Plunket, C., Col. R.N. Kingscote, L.
  • 104 Grantham, Sir H.A.H. Cholmeley, Bt., L., Capt. H.F.C. Cust, C.
  • 105 Gravesend, Captain Bedford Pim, R.N., C.
  • 106 Gt. Grimsby, John Chapman, C.
  • 107 Greenwich, T.W. Boord, C., Right Hon. W.E. Gladstone, L.
  • 108 Guildford, Denzil R. Onslow, C.
  • 109 Hackney, John Holms, L., H. Fawcett, L.
  • 110 Halifax, John Crossley, L., Right Hon. J. Stansfeld, L.
  • 111 Hampshire, North W., W.B. Beach, C., Rt. Hon. G. Sclater-Booth, C.
  • 112 Hampshire, South, Lord H.J.M.D. Scott, C., Rt. Hon. W.F. Cowper-Temple, L.
  • 113 Hartlepool, T. Richardson, L.
  • 114 Harwich, Lt.-Col. H.C.W.J. Jervis, C.
  • 115 Hastings, Thomas Brassey, L., U.J. Kay-Shuttleworth, L.
  • 116 Haverfordwest, &c., Lord Kensington, L.
  • 117 Helstone, A.W. Young, L.
  • 118 Hereford, E. Pateshall, C., George Clive, L.
  • 119 Herefordshire, Sir Jos. R. Bailey, Bart., C., M. Biddulph, L., Major D. Peploe-Peploe. C.
  • 120 Hertford, Captain A.J. Balfour, C.
  • 121 Hertfordshire, Thos. F. Halsey, C., Abel Smith, C., Hon. H.F. Cowper, L.
  • 122 Horsham, Sir W.R.S. Fitzgerald, C.
  • 123 Huddersfield, Edward A. Leatham, L.
  • 124 Hull, C.H. Wilson, L.C.M. Norwood, L.
  • 125 Huntingdon, Sir J.B. Karslake, Q.C., C.
  • 126 Huntingdonshire, E. Fellowes, C., Sir H.C. Pelly, Bart., C.
  • 127 Hythe, Sir E.W. Watkin, L.
  • 128 Ipswich, J.P. Cobbold, C., J.R. Bulwer, C.
  • 129 Ives, St., Edward Gershom Davenport, C.
  • 130 Kendal, J. Whitwell, L.
  • 131 Kent, East, Hon. G.W. Milles, C., Edward L. Pemberton, C.
  • 132 Kent, Mid, W.H. Dyke, C., Vis. Holmesdale, C.
  • 133 Kent, West, Sir Cbas. H. Mills, Bart., C., J.G. Talbot, C.
  • 134 Kidderminster, Sir W. Fraser, Bart., C.
  • 135 King’s Lynn, Hon. R. Bourke, C., Lord Claud J. Hamilton, C.
  • 136 Knaresborough, Basil Thomas Woodd, C.
  • 137 Lambeth, Ald. Sir J.C., Lawrence, Bart., L., Ald. W. McArthur, L.
  • 138 Lancashire, North, Capt. Hon. F.A. Stanley, C., Thos. H. Clifton, C.
  • 139 Lancashire, North East, Jas. Madan Holt, C., J.P.C. Starkie, C.
  • 140 Lancashire, South East, Hon. A.F. Egerton, C., Edw. Hardcastle, C.
  • - 21 - {f.21} 141 Lancashire, South West, Rt. Hon. R.A. Cross, C., Charles Turner, C.
  • 142 Launceston, Lt.-Col. J.H. Deakin, C.
  • 143 Leeds, Ald. R.M. Carter, L., W. St. Jas. Wheelhouse, C., Robert Tennant, C.
  • 144 Leicester, P.A. Taylor, L., A. M‘Arthur, L.
  • 145 Leicestershire, North, Rt. Hon. Lord J.J.R. Manners, C., Samuel W. Clowes, C.
  • 146 Leicestershire, South, Albert Pell, C., Wm. U. Heygate, C.
  • 147 Leominster, Richard Arkwright, C.
  • 148 Lewes, W.L. Christie, C.
  • 149 Lichfield, Col. Richard Dyott, C.
  • 150 Lincoln, Lt-Col. E. Chaplin, C.C., Seely, L.
  • 151 Lincolnshire, Mid, H. Chaplin, C., Hon. E. Stanhope, C.
  • 152 Lincolnshire, North, N.R. Winn, C., Sir J.D. Astley, Bart., C.
  • 153 Lincolnshire, South, W. Earle Welby, C., Edm. Turnor, C.
  • 154 Liskeard, Rt. Hon. Edw. Horsman, L.
  • 155 Liverpool, Rt. Hon. Vct. Sandon, C., J. Torr, C., W. Rathbone, L.
  • 156 London, Ald. W.J.R. Cotton, C., Philip Twells, C., John G. Hubbard, C., Rt. Hon. G.J. Göschen, L.
  • 157 London University, Rt. Hon. R. Lowe, L.
  • 158 Ludlow, Lt. Col. Hon. G.H.W.W. Clive, C.
  • 159 Lymington, Lt. Col. E.H. Kennard, C.
  • 160 Macclesfield, W.C. Brocklehurst, L., David Chadwick, L.
  • 161 Maidstone, Sir J. Lubbock, Bart., L., Sir S.H. Waterlow, Bt., L.
  • 162 Maldon, George M.W. Sandford, C.
  • 163 Malmesbury, Walter Powell, C.
  • 164 Malton, Hon. C.W.W. Fitzwilliam, L.
  • 165 Manchester, Hugh Birley, C., W. Romaine Callender, C., Sir T. Bazley, Bart., L.
  • 166 Marlborough, Rt. Hon. Lord E.A.C.B. Bruce, L.
  • 167 Marlow, Thomas Owen Wethered, C.
  • 168 Marylebone, Wm. Forsyth, Q.C., C., Sir T. Chambers, Q.C., L.
  • 169 Merionethshire, Samuel Holland, L.
  • 170 Merthyr Tydvil, Henry Richard, L., Rich. Fothergill, L.
  • 171 Middlesborough, Henry W.F. Bolckow, L.
  • 172 Middlesex, Lord George F. Hamilton, C., O.E. Coope, C.
  • 173 Midhurst, Sir Henry T. Holland, Bart., C.
  • 174 Monmouth, &c., Thomas Cordes, C.
  • 175 Monmouthshire, Lord Henry R.C. Somerset, C., Col. Hon. Fred. C. Morgan, C.
  • 176 Montgomery, &c., Hon. C.R.D. Hanbury-Tracy, L.
  • 177 Montgomeryshire, Chas. W.W : Wynne, C.
  • 178 Morpeth, Thomas Burt., L.
  • 179 Newark, Thomas Earp, L., S.B. Bristowe, L.
  • 180 Newcastle-under-Lyme, Sir Edm. Buckley. Bt., C.W.S. Allen, L.
  • 181 Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Joseph Cowen, L., C.F. Hammond, C.
  • 182 Newport (I. of Wight) C.C. Clifford, L.
  • 183 Norfolk, North, Hon. F. Walpole, C., Sir E.H.K. Lacon, Bt., C.
  • 184 Norfolk, South East, C.S. Read, C., Sir R.J. Buxton, Bt., C.
  • 185 Norfolk, West, Sir Wm. Bagge, Bt., C., G.W.P.A. Bentinck, C.
  • 186 Northallerton, George W. Elliot, C.
  • 187 Northampton, Pickering Phipps, C.
  • 188 Northamptonshire, N., Rt. Hon. G. Warde Hunt, C., Sackville Geo. Stopford-Sackville, C.
  • 189 Northamptonshire, S., Sir R. Knightley, Bart., C. Major Fairfax W. Cartwright, C.
  • 190 Northumberland North, Earl Percy, C., M.W. Ridley, C.
  • 191 Northumberland, South, W.B. Beaumont, L. Lord Eslington, C.
  • 192 Norwich, J.J. Colman, L., J.W. Huddleston, Q.C., C.
  • 193 Nottingham, W.E. Denison, C., S. Isaac, C.
  • 194 Nottinghamshire, North, F.C. Smith, C., Hon. G.E. Milnes Monckton, C.
  • 195 Nottinghamshire, South, T.B.T. Hildyard, C., Capt. G. Storer, C.
  • 196 Oldham, Serjt. Fredk. L. Spinks, C., J.M. Cobbett, C.
  • 197 Oxford, Sir Wm. G.V. Harcourt, L., Alex. Wm : Hall, C.
  • 198 Oxford University, Rt. Hon. Gathorne Hardy, C., Rt. Hon. J.R. Mowbray, C.
  • 199 Oxfordshire, Rt. Hon. J.W. Henley, C., Lt.-Col. J.S. North, C., W.C. Cartwright, L.
  • 200 Pembroke, &c., Edward J. Reed, C.B., L.
  • 201 Pembrokeshire, J. Henry Scourfield, C.
  • 202 Peterborough, Thomson Hankey, L., Geo. H. Whalley, L.
  • 203 Petersfield, Capt. Hon. W.S.H. Joliffe, C.
  • 204 Plymouth, E. Bates, C., Sampson S. Lloyd, C.
  • 205 Pontefract, Rt. Hon. H.C.E. Childers, L., Maj. S. Waterhouse, C.
  • 206 Poole, Hon. A. Evelyn Ashley, L.
  • 207 Portsmouth, Sir J. Elphinstone, Bart., C., Hon. T.C. Bruce, C.
  • 208 Preston, E. Hermon, C., Sir J. Holker, Q.C., C.
  • 209 Radnor, &c., Rt. Hon : Marquis of Hartington, L.
  • 210 Radnorshire, Hon. A. Walsh, C.
  • 211 Reading, Geo. J. Shaw Lefevre, L., Sir F.H. Goldsmid, Bt., L.
  • 212 Richmond, John Chas Dundas, L.
  • 213 Ripon, Earl de Grey, L.
  • 214 Rochdale, T.B. Petter, L.
  • - 22 - {f.22} 215 Rochester, P.W. Martin. L., Julian Goldsmid, L.
  • 216 Rutlandshire, Rt. Hon. G.J. Noel, C., G.H. Finch, C.
  • 217 Rye, J.S. Hardy, C.
  • 218 Salford, C.E. Cawley, C., W.T. Charley, C.
  • 219 Salisbury, Granville R. Ryder, C., Dr. John Alfred Lush, L.
  • 220 Sandwich, H.A. Brassey, L., Rt. Hon. E.H. Knatchbull – Hugessen, L.
  • 221 Scarborough, Sir Chas. Legard, C., Sir Harcourt Johnstone, Bt., L.
  • 222 Shaftesbury, Capt. Vere F.B. Stanford, C.
  • 223 Sheffield, J.A. Roebuck, L., A.J. Mundella, L.
  • 224 Shoreham, Sir Percy Burrell, Bart., C., Rt. Hon. S. Cave, C.
  • 225 Shrewsbury, C.C. Cotes, L., H. Robertson, L.
  • 226 Shropshire, North, J.R. Ormsby Gore, C., Visc. Newport, C.
  • 227 Shropshire, South, Col. E. Corbett, C., Rt. Hon. Gen. Sir Percy E. Herbert, C.
  • 228 Somersetshire, East, R. Bright, C., Maj. R.S. Allen, C.
  • 229 Somersetshire, Mid, Major R.H. Paget, C., R. Neville Grenville, C.
  • 230 Somersetshire, West, Lt. Col. Hon. A.W. Hood, C., Major V.H. Lee, C.
  • 231 Southampton, Sir F. Perkins, L., Rt. Hon. R. Gurney, C.
  • 232 South Shields, J.C. Stevenson, L.
  • 233 Southwark, John Locke L., Col. F.M. Beresford, C.
  • 234 Stafford, Thomas Salt, jun., C., Alexander Macdonald, L.
  • 235 Staffordshire, East, M.A. Bass, L., S.C. Allsopp, C.
  • 236 Staffordshire, North, Rt. Hon. Sir C.B. Adderley, C., Colin Minton Campbell, C.
  • 237 Staffordshire, West, Francis Monckton, C., A.S. Hill, Q.C., C.
  • 238 Staleybridge, T.H. Side-bottom, C.
  • 239 Stamford, Rt. Hon. Rear-Ad. Sir J.C.D. Hay, Bart., C.
  • 240 Stockport, C.H. Hopwood, Q.C., L., F. Pennington, L.
  • 241 Stockton, J. Dodds, L.
  • 242 Stoke-upon-Trent, G. Melly, L., R. Heath, C.
  • 243 Stroud, J.E. Dorington, C., A.J. Stanton, L.
  • 244 Suffolk, East, Lord Rendlesham, C., Visct. Mahon, C.
  • 245 Suffolk, West, Lt.-Col. W. Parker, C., Lord A.H.C. Hervey, C.
  • 246 Sunderland, E.T. Gourley, L., Sir Henry M. Havelock, Bt., L.
  • 247 Surrey, East, James Watney, C., W. Grantham, C.
  • 248 Surrey, Mid, Sir H.W. Peek, Bt., C., Sir R. Baggallay, C.
  • 249 Surrey, West, George Cubitt, C., H. Lee Steere, C.
  • 250 Sussex, East, G. Burrow Gregory, C., M.D. Scott, C.
  • 251 Sussex, West, Col. W.B. Barttelot, C., Earl of March, C.
  • 252 Swansea, Lewis Llewellyn Dillwyn, L.
  • 253 Tamworth, Rt. Hon. Sir R. Peel, Bart., L., R.W. Hanbury, C.
  • 254 Taunton, Alexander C. Barclay, L., Sir Hy. James, Q.C., L.
  • 255 Tavistock, Lord Arthur Russell, L.
  • 256 Tewkesbury, Capt. Will. Edwin Price, L.
  • 257 Thirsk, Sir W. Payne Gallwey, Bart., C.
  • 258 Tiverton, Sir J. Heathcote Amory, Bt., L., Rt. Hon. W.N. Massey, L.
  • 259 Tower Hamlets, Capt. C.T. Ritchie, C., J. D’A. Samuda, L.
  • 260 Truro, Sir F.M. Williams, C., Lt.-Col. Sir Jas. Mc N. Hogg, C.
  • 261 Tynemouth, Thomas Eustace Smith, L.
  • 262 Wakefield, Thomas K. Saunderson, C.
  • 263 Wallingford, E. Wells, C.
  • 264 Walsall, Sir C. Forster, Bart., L.
  • 265 Wareham, John W.S.E. Drax, C.
  • 266 Warrington, Gilbert Greenall, C.
  • 267 Warwick, G.W. Repton, C., A.W. Peel, L.
  • 268 Warwickshire, North, C.N. Newdegate, C., W. Bromley-Davenport, C.
  • 269 Warwickshire, South, Earl of Yarmouth, C., Sir J. Eardley Wilmot, C.
  • 270 Wednesbury, Alexander Brogden, L.
  • 271 Wenlock, C. Forester, C., Alex. H. Brown, L.
  • 272 Westbury, Abraham Laverton, L.
  • 273 Westminster, W.H. Smith, C., Sir Chas, Russell, Bart., C.
  • 274 Westmoreland, Earl of Bective, C., Hon. Wm. Lowther, C.
  • 275 Weymouth, H. Edwards L., Sir F.J.W. Johnstone, Bart., L.
  • 276 Whitby, William Henry Gladstone, L.
  • 277 Whitehaven, G.A.F.C. Bentinck, C.
  • 278 Wigan, Lord Lindsay, C., T. Knowles, C.
  • 279 Wight, Isle of, A.W.R. Baillie-Cochrane, C.
  • 280 Wilton, Sir Edmund Antrobus, Bart., L.
  • 281 Wiltshire, North, G.T.J.B. Estcourt, C., Sir George S. Jenkinson, Bart., C.
  • 282 Wiltshire, South, Lord Hen. F. Thynne, C., Visct. Folkestone, C.
  • 283 Winchester, W.B. Simonds, C., A.R. Naghten, C.
  • 284 Windsor, R.R. Gardner, C.
  • 285 Wolverhampton, Right Hon. C.P. Villiers, L., Thos. Matthias Weguelin, L.
  • 286 Woodstock, Lord Randolph Churchill, C.
  • 287 Worcester, A.C. Sherriff, L., T.R. Hill, L.
  • 288 Worcestershire, East, H. Allsopp, C., T.E. Walker, C.
  • 289 Worcestershire West, W.E. Dowdeswell, C., Fred. W. Knight, C.
  • - 23 - {f.23} 290 Wycombe, Hon. Lt. Col. W.H.P. Carington, L.
  • 291 York, George Leeman, L., James Lowther, C.
  • 292 Yorkshire, East Riding, C. Sykes, C., Wm. H. Broadley, C.
  • 293 Yorkshire, North Riding, F.A. Milbank, L., Viscount Helmsley, C.
  • 294 Yorkshire, West Riding, North, Lord Frederick C. Cavendish, L., Sir Matthew Wilson, Bt., L.
  • 295 Yorkshire, West Riding, South, Walter T.W. Spencer Stanhope, C., Lewis Randle Starkey, C.
  • 296 Yorkshire, West Riding, South-East, Christopher B. Denison, C., Joshua Fielden, C.

    • IRELAND.

  • 297 Antrim Co., Jas. Chaine, C., Hon. Edward O’Neill, C.
  • 298 Armagh, John Vance, C.
  • 299 Armagh County, Edw. Wingfield Verner, C., Maxwell Chas. Close, C.
  • 300 Athlone, Edward Sheil, H.R.
  • 301 Bandon-bridge, Alex. Swanston, L.
  • 302 Belfast, James Porter Corry, C., William Johnston, C.
  • 303 Carlow, Henry Owen Lewis, H.R.
  • 304 Carlow County, Henry Bruen, C., Arthur M. Kavanagh, C.
  • 305 Carrickfergus, Marriott Robert Dalway, L.
  • 306 Cavan Co., Chas. Joseph Fay, H.R., Joseph Gillis Biggar, H.R.
  • 307 Clare County, Rt. Hon. Sir Colman M. O’Loghlen, Bart., L., Lord Francis Nathaniel Conyngham, H.R.
  • 308 Clonmel, Arthur John Moore, H.R.
  • 309 Coleraine, Dan. Taylor, L.
  • 310 Cork, Joseph Philip Ronsyne, H.R., Nicholas Daniel Murphy, H.R.
  • 311 Cork Co., M‘C. DowningDownning, H.R. William Shaw, H.R.
  • 312 Donegal County, Marquis of Hamilton, C., Thomas Conolly, C.
  • 313 Downshire, Lord A.E. Hill Trevor, C., Jas. Sharman Crawford, L.
  • 314 Downpatrick, John Mulholland, C.
  • 315 Drogheda, Dr. Wm. H. O’Leary, H.R.
  • 316 Dublin, Sir Arthur Guinness, Bart., C., Maurice Brooks (Lord Mayor), H.R.
  • 317 Dublin Co., Ion Trant Hamilton, C., Right Hon. Lt.-Col. T.E. Taylor, C.
  • 318 Dublin University, Rt. Hon. J.T. Ball, LL. D.C., Hon. David Rbt. Plunket, Q.C., C.
  • 319 Dundalk, Philip Callan, H.R.
  • 320 Dungannon, Thomas Alex. Dickson, L.
  • 321 Dungarvan, J. O’Keeffe, H.R.
  • 322 Ennis, Capt. William Stacpoole, H.R.
  • 323 Enniskillen, Viscount Crichton, C.
  • 324 Fermanagh Co., William HumphreysHumphrys Archdall, C., Lieut.-Col. Hon. Henry Arthur Cole, C.
  • 325 Galway, Geo. Morris, H.R.
  • 326 Galway Co., Capt. John Philip Nolan, H.R., Mitchell Henry, H.R.
  • 327 Kerry County, Henry A. Herbert, L., R.P. Blennerhasset, H.R.
  • 328 Kildare Co., Chas. Hen. Meldon, H.R., Right Hon. Wm. H.F. Cogan, L.
  • 329 Kilkenny, Sir John Gray, H.R.
  • 330 Kilkenny County, Geo. Leopold Bryan, H.R., Patrick Martin, H.R.
  • 331 King’s County, Sir P. O’Brien, Bart., H.R., Serjeant David Sherlock, H.R.
  • 332 Kinsale, Eugene Collins, H.R.
  • 333 Leitrim County, Dr. John Brady, H.R., Major W.R. Ormsby Gore, C.
  • 334 Limerick, Isaac Butt, LL.D., H.R., Richard O’Shaughnessy, H.R.
  • 335 Limerick Co., Wm. Hen. O’Sullivan, H.R., Edmund John Synan, H.R.
  • 336 Lisburn, Sir Richard Wallace, Bart., C.
  • 337 Londonderry, Charles Edward Lewis, C.
  • 338 Londonderry Co., Rd. Smyth, D.D., L., Rt. Hon. Hugh Law, L.
  • 339 Longford Co., Major Myles Wm. Patrick O’Reilly, H.R., Geo. Errington, H.R.
  • 340 Louth County, Alex. Martin Sullivan, H.R., George Harley-Kirk, H.R.
  • 341 Mallow, John George M‘Carthy, H.R.
  • 342 Mayo County, George Ekins Browne, H.R., John O’Conner Power, H.R.
  • 343 Meath Co., Nicholas Ennis, H.R., John Martin, H.R.
  • 344 Monaghan County, John Leslie, C., Sewallis E. Shirley, C.
  • 345 New Ross, John Dunbar, H.R.
  • 346 Newry, William Whitworth, L.
  • 347 Portarlington, Capt. Hon. L.S.W. Dawson Damer, C.
  • 348 Queen’s Co., Kenelm T. Digby, H.R., Edmund G. Dease, H.R.
  • 349 Roscommon Co., The O’Conor Don, H.R., Hon. Charles French, H.R.
  • - 24 - {f.24} 350 Sligo County, Denis O’Connor, H.R., Sir R. Gore Booth, Bt., C.
  • 351 Tipperary Co., Lt.-Col. Hon. Ch. White, H.R., Hon. W.M.F. O’Callaghan, H.R.
  • 352 Tralee, D. O’Donoghue, L.
  • 353 Tyrone Co., John William E. Macartney, C., Hon. H.W. Lowry Corry, C.
  • 354 Waterford, Rd. Power, H.R., Major Purcell O’Gorman, H.R.
  • 355 Waterford Co., Lord Chas. W. Beresford, C., Sir John Esmonde, Bart., L.
  • 356 Westmeath Co., Patrick J. Smyth H.R., Right Honourable Lord Robert Montagu, H.R.
  • 357 Wexford, Wm. Archer Redmond, H.R.
  • 358 Wexford Co., Sir George Bowyer, Bart., H.R., Chevalier Keyes O’Clery, H.R.
  • 359 Wicklow Co., William Rd. O’Byrne, H.R., W.W. Fitzwilliam Dick, C.
  • 360 Youghal, Sir Joseph Neale M’Kenna, H.R.

    • SCOTLAND.

  • 361 Aberdeen, John Farley Leith, L.
  • 362 Aberdeenshire, East, W. Dingwall Fordyce, L.
  • 363 Aberdeenshire, West, William McCombie, L.
  • 364 Andrews, St., &c., Edw. Ellice, L.
  • 365 Argyllshire, Marquis of Lorne, L.
  • 366 Ayr, &c., Sir William J.M. Cunningham, Bt., C.
  • 367 Ayrshire, North, Roger Montgomerie, C.
  • 368 Ayrshire, South, Colonel Alexander, C.
  • 369 Banffshire, Robert Wm. Duff, L.
  • 370 Berwickshire, Hon. R. Baillie Hamilton, C.
  • 371 Buteshire, Charles Dalrymple, C.
  • 372 Caithness-shire, Sir J.G. Tollemache Sinclair, Bart., L.
  • 373 Clackmannan & Kinross-shires, Rt. Hon. Wm. Patrick Adam, L.
  • 374 Dumbartonshire, Arch. Orr Ewing, C.
  • 375 Dumfries, Ernest Noel, L.
  • 376 Dumfriesshire, Captain John James Hope Johnstone, C.
  • 377 Dundee, James Yeaman, L., Edward Jenkins, L.
  • 378 Edinburgh, D. Mc Laren, L., James Cowan, L.
  • 379 Edinburgh & St. Andrews Universities, Rt. Hon. Dr. Lyon Playfair, L.
  • 380 Edinburghshire, Earl of Dalkeith, C.
  • 381 Elgin, &c., Mountstuart E. Grant Duff, L.
  • 382 Elgin and Nairnshires, Viscount Macduff, L.
  • 383 Falkirk, John Ramsay, L.
  • 384 Fifeshire, Sir Robt. Anstruther, Bart., L.
  • 385 Forfarshire, James Wm. Barclay, L.
  • 386 Glasgow, Dr. Charles Cameron, L., George Anderson, L., Alex. Whitelaw, C.
  • 387 Glasgow & Aberdeen Universities, Rt. Hon. Edw. S. Gordon, C.
  • 388 Greenock, James Johnstone Grieve, L.
  • 389 Haddington, Sir H.R. Ferguson Davie, Bt., L.
  • 390 Haddingtonshire, Lord Elcho, C.
  • 391 Inverness, Chas. Fraser Mackintosh, L.
  • 392 Inverness-shire, Donald Cameron, C.
  • 393 Kilmarnock, &c., J. Fortescue Harrison, L.
  • 394 Kincardineshire, Major-Gen. Sir G. Balfour, K.C.B., L.
  • 395 Kirkcaldy, &c., Robert Reid, L.
  • 396 Kirkcudbright, John Maitland, L.
  • 397 Lanarkshire, N., Sir T.E. Colebrooke, Bt., L.
  • 398 Lanarkshire, South, Sir Windham Chas. Jas. Carmichael Anstruther, C.
  • 399 Leith, &c., Donald Robert Macgregor, L.
  • 400 Linlithgowshire, Peter McLagan, L.
  • 401 Montrose, &c., Rt. Hon. William E. Baxter, L.
  • 402 Orkney and Shetland, Samuel Laing, L.
  • 403 Paisley, William Holms, L.
  • 404 Peebles & Selkirkshires, Sir G. Graham Montgomery, C.
  • 405 Perth, Hon. Arthur F. Kinnaird, L.
  • 406 Perthshire, Sir William Stirling Maxwell, C.
  • 407 Renfrewshire, Colonel William Mure, L.
  • 408 Ross & Cromarty shiresCromartyshires , Alexander Matheson, L.
  • 409 Roxburghshire, Sir Geo. H.S. Douglas, Bt., C.
  • 410 Selkirk, Hawick, &c., G. Otto Trevelyan, L.
  • 411 Stirling, &c. H. Campbell-Bannerman, L.
  • 412 Stirlingshire, Sir Wm. Edmonstone, Bt., C.
  • 413 Sutherlandshire, Marquis of Stafford, L.
  • 414 Wick, Kirkwall, &c. John Pender, L.
  • 415 Wigton, &c. Mark John Stewart, C.
  • 416 Wigtonshire, Robert Vans Agnew, C.
    • ⁂ In the Parliamentary Lists, C. indicates Conservative, L. Liberal, and H.R. Home Ruler,[Comment by SL] : First used in the 1860s, the term 'Home Ruler' came to prominence in the 1870s with the rise of the 'Home Rule' campaign in nineteenth-century Ireland. Initially used to describe those who sought a distinct Irish legislature with responsibility for domestic affairs, the movement would later become a vehicle for a range of Irish nationalist aims, from a separate Irish parliament to an autonomous Irish state. 1875 marked a particularly significant point in the 'Home Rule' movement with the election of Charles Stewart Parnell (1846-1891) as the MP for County Meath. This fact is not registered here, however, as Parnell won his seat in a by-election in April 1875 following the death of the incumbent Home Rule MP, John Martin (1812-1875). Parnell became a powerful figurehead for the movement until the exposure of his long-term affair with the married Katharine O'Shea (1846-1921) sealed his personal and political downfall. For further information, see John O'Beirne Ranelagh, A Short History of Ireland (Cambridge University Press, 2012), and ‘Home Ruler (n.),’ Oxford English Dictionary, 2011. i.e., one who advocates a separate legislature for Ireland to manage home, as distinguished from imperial, affairs.
    Keyword Tags : list, columns, government, England, Ireland, Wales, Scotland, Britain, politics, directory, voting, education, Home Rule

    ↑ - 25 - {f.25} ALPHABETICAL LIST OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.
    (The figures refer to the previous list.)

    Acland, Sir T.D., Bt. 76
    Adam, Rt. Hon. Wm. P.373
    Adderley, Sir C.B.236
    Agg-Gardner, J.T. 48
    Agnew, R. Vans416
    Alexander, Col. Claud368
    Allen, Major R.S.228
    Allen, W.S.180
    Allsopp, S.C.235
    Allsopp, H.288
    Amory, Sir J.H., Bt.258
    Anderson, G.386
    Anstruther, Sir R., Bt.384
    Anstruther, Sir W.C., Bt.398
    Antrobus, Sir Edm. Bt.280
    Archdall, W.H.324
    Arkwright, A.P. 71
    Arkwright, F. 70
    Arkwright, R.147
    Ashbury, James Lloyd 26
    Ashley, Hon. A. Evelyn206
    Assheton, Ralph 57
    Astley, Sir J.D., Bt.152
    Backhouse, E. 66
    Baggallay, Sir Richard248
    Bagge, Sir Wm., Bt.185
    Bailey, Sir J., Bt.119
    Baillie-Cochrane, A.279
    Balfour, Capt. A.J.120
    Balfour, Sir George394
    Ball, Rt. Hon. J.T.318
    Barclay, A.C.254
    Barclay, J.W.385
    Baring, T.C. 90
    Barrington, Viscount 93
    Barttelot, Col. W.B.251
    Bass, M.A.235
    Bass, M. Thos. 69
    Bassett, Francis 11
    Bates, E.204
    Bateson, Sir Thos., Bt. 73
    Bathurst, A.A. 56
    Baxter, Rt. Hon. W.E.401
    Bazley, Sir Thos.165
    Beach, Sir M.E.H., Bt.102
    Beach, W.W.B.111
    Beaumont, Maj. F.E.B. 86
    Beaumont, W.B.191
    Bective, Earl of274
    Bentinck, G.A.F.C.277
    Bentinck, G.W.P.185
    Benyon, Richard 12
    Beresford, Lord C.W.D.355
    Beresford, Lt.-Col. F.M.233
    Biddulph, Mich.119
    Biggar, Joseph Gillis306
    Birley, Hugh165
    Blennerhasset, R.P.327
    Bolckow, H.F.171
    Boord, T.W.107
    Booth, Sir R. Gore, Bt.350
    Bourke, Hon. Robert135
    Bourne, Lt.-Col. J. 91
    Bousfield, Maj. N.G.P.  8
    Bowyer, Sir George, Bt.357
    Brady, Dr. John333
    Brand, Rt. Hon. H.B.W. 36
    Brassey, H.A.220
    Brassey, T.115
    Briggs, W.E. 17
    Bright, Rt. Hon. John 16
    Bright, R.228
    Bristowe, S.B.179
    Broadley, W.H.H.292
    Brocklehurst, W.C.160
    Brogden, A.270
    Bromley-Davenport, W.268
    Brooks, Maurice316
    Brooks, W.C. 49
    Brown, A.H.271
    Browne, G.E.342
    Bruce, Lord E.A.C.B.166
    Bruce, Hon. Thomas207
    Bruen, Henry304
    Bryan, G.L.330
    Brymer, W.E. 79
    Buckley, Sir Edm. Bt.180
    Bulwer, J.R.128
    Burrell, Sir Percy, Bt.224
    Burt, Thomas178
    Butt, Isaac. LL. D.334
    Buxton, Sir R.J., Bt.184
    Callan, P.319
    Callender, W.R.165
    Cameron, D.392
    Cameron, Dr. Charles386
    Campbell-Bannerman, H.411
    Campbell, Colin Minton236
    Carington, Hon. W.H.290
    Carter, Ald. R.M.143
    Cartwright, Major F.W.189
    Cartwright, W.C.199
    Cave, Rt. Hon. S.224
    Cave, Thomas  7
    Cavendish, Lord F.C.294
    Cavendish, Lord G.H. 71
    Cawley, C.E.218
    Cecil, Lord Eustace 89
    Chadwick, D.160
    Chaine, James297
    Chambers, Sir T., Q.C.168
    Chaplin, H.151
    Chaplin, Lt.-Col. E.150
    Chapman, John.106
    Charley, W.T.218
    Childers, Rt. Hon. H.C.E.205
    Cholmeley, Sir H.A.H.104
    Christie, W.L.148
    Churchill, Lord R.286
    Clarke, John Creemer  1
    Cliffon, Thomas Henry138
    Clifford, C.C.182
    Clive, Geo.118
    Clive, Hon. G.H.W.W.158
    Close, Maxwell Charles299
    Clowes, S.W.145
    Cobbett, John Morgan196
    Cobbold, J.P.128
    Cogan, Rt. Hon. W.H.F.328
    Cole, Hon. H.A.324
    Cole, H.T. 94
    Colebrooke, Sir T.E., Bart.397
    Collins, Eugene332
    Colman, J.J.192
    Conolly, Thos.312
    Conynghame, Lord F.N.307
    Coope, Octavius, E.172
    Corbett, Col. Edw.227
    Corbett, John 82
    Cordes, Thomas174
    Corry, Hon. H.W.L.353
    Corry, James Porter302
    Cotes, Charles Cecil225
    Cotton, Ald. W.J.R.156
    Cowan, James378
    Cowen, Joseph181
    Cowper, Hon. H.F.121
    Cowper-Temple, Rt. Hon. W.F.112
    Crawford, J.S.313
    Crichton, Visct.323
    Cross, John Kynaston 19
    Cross, R. Assheton141
    Crossley, John110
    Cubitt, George249
    Cunninghame, Sir W.J.M., Bt.366
    Cust, Capt. Henry F.C.104
    Dalkeith, Earl of380
    Dalrymple, Charles371
    Dalway, M.R.305
    Damer, Hon. L.S.W.D.347
    Davenport, Edward G.129
    Davie, Sir H.R.F., Bt.389
    Davies, David 39
    Davies, R.  3
    Deakin, Col. J.H.142
    Dease, Edmund G.348
    Denison, C. Becket296
    Denison, W.E.193
    Dick, W.W.F.359
    Dickson, Thomas Alex.320
    Dickson, Maj. A.G. 81
    Digby, Kenelm Thos.348
    Dilke, Sir C. Wentw., Bt. 47
    Dillwyn, L.L.252
    Disraeli, Rt. Hon Benj. 29
    Dixon, George 16
    Dodds, Joseph241
    Dodson, Rt. Hon. J.G. 52
    Dorington, John Edw.243
    Douglas, Sir G.H.S., Bt.409
    Dowdeswell, W.E.289
    - 26 - {f.26} Downing, M‘C.311
    Drax, J.W.S.265
    Duff, M.E. Grant381
    Duff, Robt. Wm.369
    Dunbar, John345
    Dundas, Hon. J.C.212
    Dyke, W. Hart132
    Dyott, Col. Richd.149
    Earp, T.179
    Eaton, H.W. 62
    Edmonstone, Adm. Sir Wm., Bt.412
    Edwards, H.275
    Egerton, Hon. A.F.140
    Egerton, Adm. Hon. F. 70
    Egerton, Sir P. de Malpas G., Bart. 51
    Egerton, Hon. W. 50
    Elcho, Lord389
    Ellice, Edward364
    Elliot, Admiral George 46
    Elliot, Sir Geo., Bt. 85
    Elliot, George Wm.186
    Elphinstone, Sir J., Bt.207
    Emlyn, Visct. 43
    Ennis, Nicholas343
    Errington, Geo339
    Eslington, Lord191
    Esmonde, Sir John, Bt.355
    Estcourt, G.B.281
    Ewing, Arch. Orr374
    Evans, T.W. 72
    Eyton, P.E. 96
    Fawcett, Henry109
    Fay, Chas. Joseph306
    Feilden, H.M. 17
    Fellowes, E.126
    Ferguson, R. 41
    Fielden, Joshua296
    Finch, G.H.216
    Fitzgerald, Sir W.S.122
    Fitzmaurice, Lord E. 33
    Fitzwilliam, Hon. C.W.164
    Fletcher, Isaac 58
    Floyer, John 80
    Folkestone, Visct.282
    Foljambe, F.J.S. 87
    Fordyce, W. Dingwall362
    Forester, Cecil271
    Forsyth, W.168
    Forster, Sir Chas., Bt.264
    Forster, Rt. Hon. W.E. 21
    Foster, W. Henry 24
    Fothergill, Richard170
    Fraser, Sir W., Bt.134
    French, Hon. Charles349
    Freshfield, C.K. 81
    Gallwey, Sir W.P., Bt.257
    Galway, Visct. 87
    Gardner, J.T.A. 48
    Gardner, R. Richardson284
    Garnier, J. Carpenter 77
    Gilpin, Col. R.T. 11
    Gladstone, Rt. Hn. W.E.107
    Gladstone, W.H.276
    Goddard, A.L. 63
    Goldney, Gabriel 54
    Goldsmid, Sir F.H., Bt.211
    Goldsmid, Julian215
    Gooch, Sir Daniel, Bt. 63
    Gordon, Rt. Hon. E.S.387
    Gordon, W. 47
    Gore, J.R. Ormsby226
    Gore, Major W.R.O.333
    Göschen, Rt. Hon. G.J.156
    Gourley, Alderm. E.T.246
    Grantham, W.247
    Gray, Sir John329
    Greenall, G.266
    Greene, Edw. 32
    Gregory, Geo. B.250
    Grenville, R. Neville229
    Grey, Earl de213
    Grieve, J.J.388
    Grosvenor, Ld. Rich. 97
    Guinness, Sir A.E., Bt.316
    Gurney, Rt. Hon. R.231
    Hall, A.W.197
    Halsey, T.F.121
    Hamilton, Ld. Claud J.135
    Hamilton, Lord G.F.172
    Hamilton, Ion T.317
    Hamilton, Marquis of312
    Hamilton, R. Baillie370
    HammondHamond, C.F.181
    Hanbury, R.W.253
    Hankey, T.202
    Harcourt, Sir W.G.V.197
    Hardcastle, Edw.140
    Hardy, Rt. Hn. Gathorne198
    Hardy, J.S.217
    Harrison, C. 14
    Harrison, J.F.393
    Hartington, Marquis of209
    Harvey, Sir R.B., Bt. 29
    Havelock, Sir H.M., Bt.246
    Hay, Adm. Sir J.D., Bt.239
    Hayter, Lt.-Col. A.D.  8
    Heath, R.242
    Helmsley, Visct.293
    Henley, Rt. Hon. J.W.199
    Henry, Mitchell326
    Herbert, H.A.327
    Herbert, Hon. Sir P.E.227
    Hermon, E.208
    Herschell, Farrer 84
    Hervey, Ld. A.H.C.245
    Hervey, Lord F. 32
    Heygate, W.U.146
    Hick, John 19
    Hill, A. Staveley237
    Hill, T.R.287
    Hildyard, T.B.T.195
    Hodgson, Kirkman D. 27
    Hodgson, W.N. 64
    Hogg, Lt.-Cl. Sir J. McN.260
    Holford, J.P.W.G. 22
    Holker, Sir John208
    Holland, S.169
    Holmesdale, Visct.132
    Holms, John109
    Holms, W.403
    Holt, J.M.139
    Home, Capt. D.M. 13
    Hood, Lt.-Col. Hn. A.W.230
    Hope, A.J. Beresford 35
    Hopwood, C.H.240
    Horsman, Rt. Hon. E.154
    Howard, Hon. C.W.G. 64
    Hubbard, E.J. 28
    Hubbard, J.G.156
    Huddleston, J.W.192
    Hughes, W.B. 44
    Hunt, Rt. Hon. G. Ward188
    Ingram, W.J. 20
    Isaac, S.193
    Jackson, Henry M. 62
    James, Sir Henry254
    James, H.W. 99
    Jenkins, D.J. 94
    Jenkins, E.377
    Jenkinson, Sir G., Bart.281
    Jervis, Lt.-Col. H.J.114
    Johnson, J.G. 92
    Johnston, W.302
    Johnstone, Sir F.J.W., Bt.275
    Johnstone, Sir H., Bt.221
    Johnstone, Capt. Hope376
    Joliffe, Hon. Capt.203
    Jones, John 43
    Karslake, Sir J.125
    Kavanagh, A.M.304
    Kay-Shuttleworth, U.J.115
    Kennard, Lt. Col. E.H.159
    Kennaway, Sir J.H., Bt. 75
    Kensington, Lord116
    Kingscote, Lt.-C.R.N.F.103
    Kinnaird, Hon. A.F.405
    Kirk, G.H.340
    Knatchbull – Hugessen, Rt. Hon. E.H.220
    Knight, F.W.289
    Knightley, Sir R., Bart.189
    Knowles, T.278
    Lacon, Sir E.H., Bt.183
    Laing, Samuel402
    Lambert, N.G. 29
    Laverton, A.272
    Law, Rt. Hon. Hugh338
    Lawrence, Ald. Sir J.C.137
    Lawson, Sir W., Bart. 41
    Learmonth, Lt.-Col. A. 59
    Leatham, E.A.123
    Lee, Major V.H.V.230
    Leeman, George291
    Lefevre, G.J. Shaw211
    Legard, Sir C., Bt.221
    Legh, W.J. 49
    Leigh, Lt.-Col. Egerton 50
    Leith, J.F.361
    Lennox, Ld. H.C.G.G. 53
    Leslie, John344
    Leveson-Gower, Hon. E. 18
    Lewis, C.E.337
    Lewis, H.O.303
    Lindsay, Lt.-Col. R.L. 12
    Lindsay, Lord278
    Lloyd, Morgan, Q.C.  9
    - 27 - {f.27} Lloyd, S.S.204
    Lloyd, T.E. 40
    Locke, John233
    Lopes, H.C. 98
    Lopes, Sir M., Bart. 77
    Lorne, Marquis of365
    Lowe, Rt. Hon. R.157
    Lowther, James291
    Lowther, Hon. Wm.274
    Lubbock, Sir John, Bt.161
    Lush, Dr. J.A.219
    Lusk, Sir Andrew, Bt. 95
    M‘Arthur, A.144
    McArthur, W.137
    Macartney, J.W.E.353
    McCarthy, J.G.341
    McCombie, Wm.363
    Macdonald, A.234
    Macduff, Visct.382
    Macgregor, D.R.399
    McIver, D. 15
    McKenna, Sir J.N.360
    Mackintosh, C. Fraser391
    McLagan, Peter400
    McLaren, D.378
    Mahon, Viscount244
    Maitland, J.396
    Majendie, L.A. 37
    MarjoribanksMajoribanks, Sir D.C., Bt. 13
    Makins, Lt.-Col. W.T. 90
    Malcolm, J.W. 20
    Manners, Lord J.J.R.145
    March, Earl of,251
    Marten, A.G., Q.C. 34
    Martin, P.330
    Martin, John343
    Martin, P.W.215
    Massey, Rt. Hon. W.N.258
    Matheson, Alex.408
    Maxwell, Sir W.S.406
    Meldon, C.H.328
    Mellor, Thos. Walner  4
    Melly, G.242
    Milbank, F.A.293
    Milles, Hon. G.W.131
    Mills, A. 92
    Mills, Sir C.H., Bart.133
    Mitchell, T.A. 26
    Monck, Sir A.E., Bt. 84
    Monckton, F.237
    Monckton, Hon. G.E.M.194
    Monk, C.J.101
    Montagu, Lord R.356
    Montgomerie, R.367
    Montgomery, Sir G.G.404
    Moore, A.J.308
    Morgan, Hon. Fred. C.175
    Morgan, Major G.C. 23
    Morgan, G. Osborne 68
    Morley, Samuel 27
    Morris, Geo.325
    Mowbray, Rt. Hon. J.R.198
    Mulholland, J.314
    Muncaster, Lord 65
    Mundella, A.J.223
    Muntz, P.H. 16
    Mure, Col. W.407
    Murphy, N.D.310
    Naghten, A.R.283
    Neville, C.W. 42
    Newdegate, Charles N.268
    Newport, Viscount226
    Noel, E.375
    Noel, Rt. Hon. G.J.216
    Nolan, Capt. J.P.326
    North, Lt.-Col. J.S.199
    Northcote, Sir S.H. 76
    Norwood, C.M.124
    O’Brien, Sir P.B., Bt.331
    O’Byrne, W.R.359
    O’CallaghanO’Callagan, Hon. W.F.O.351
    O’CleryO’Cleary, Chevalier K.358
    O’Conor, D.M.350
    O’Conor Don349
    O’Donoghue, D.352
    O’Gorman, Major P.354
    O’Keeffe, J.321
    O’Leary, Dr. W.H.315
    O’Loghlen, Sir C.M., Bt.307
    O’Neill, Hon. Edward297
    O’Reilly, Major M.W.339
    O’Shaughnessy, R.334
    O’Sullivan, W.H.335
    Onslow, Denzil R.108
    Paget, Major R.H.229
    Palk, Sir Lawrence, Bt. 75
    Palmer, C.M. 85
    Parker, Lt.-Col. W.245
    Pateshall, E.118
    Pease, J.W. 86
    Peek, Sir H.W.248
    Peel, A.W.267
    Peel, Rt. Hon. Sir R., Bart.253
    Pell, Albert146
    Pelly, Sir H.C., Bt.126
    Pemberton, E. Leigh131
    Pender, John414
    Pennant Hon. G.D. 45
    Pennington, F.240
    Peploe, Major119
    Percy, Earl190
    Perkins, Sir F.231
    Phillips, R.N. 31
    Phipps, Pickering187
    Pim, Capt. Bedford105
    Playfair, Dr. Lyon379
    Plimsoll, Samuel 69
    Plunket, Hon. D.R.318
    Plunkett, Hon. R.103
    Polhill-Turner, Capt. F. 10
    Portman, Hon. W.H.B. 80
    Potter, T.B.214
    Powell, W.163
    Power, J. O’C.342
    Power, R.354
    Praed, H.B.M. 59
    Price, Capt. 74
    Price, W.E.256
    Puleston, J.H. 74
    Raikes, H.C. 52
    Ramsay, John383
    Rashleigh, Sir C., Bt. 60
    Rathbone, W.155
    Read, C.S.184
    Redmond, W.A.357
    Reed E.J.200
    Reid, R.395
    Rendlesham, Lord244
    Repton, G.W.J.267
    Richard, H.170
    Richardson, T.113
    Ridley, M.W.190
    Ripley, H.W. 21
    Ritchie, Capt. C.T.259
    Robertson, H.225
    Roebuck, J.A.223
    Ronayne, J.P.310
    Rothschild, N.M.  5
    Round, J. 88
    Ruggles-Brise, Col. 88
    Russell, Lord A.J.E.255
    Russell, Sir C., Bt.273
    Ryder, G.R.219
    St. Aubyn, Sir John 61
    Sackville, S.G.S.188
    Salt, Thos., jun.234
    Samuda, J. D’A.259
    Samuelson, B.  6
    Sandford, G.M.W.162
    Sanderson, T.K.262
    Sandon, Visct.155
    Sclater-Booth, Rt. Hn. G.111
    Scott, Lord Henry112
    Scott, M.D.250
    Scourfield, J.H.201
    Seely, Charles150
    Selwin-Ibbetson, Sir H.J., Bart. 89
    Shaw, R. 30
    Shaw, W.311
    Shiel, E.300
    Sheridan, H.B. 83
    Sherlock, D.331
    Sherriff, A.C.287
    Shirley, S.E.344
    Shute, Maj.-Gen. C.C. 26
    Sidebottom, T.H.238
    Simon, Serjeant John 78
    Sinclair, Sir J.G. Tollemache, Bart.372
    Smith, Abel121
    Smith, F. Chatfield194
    Smith, S.G.  5
    Smith, T.E.261
    Smith, W.H.273
    Smollett, P.B. 34
    Smyth, P.J.356
    Smyth, R., D.D.338
    Somerset, Lord H.R.C.175
    Spinks, Serjeant196
    Stacpoole, Capt. Wm.322
    Stafford, Marquis of413
    Stanford, Capt. F.B.222
    Stanhope, Hon. E.151
    Stanhope, W.T.W.S.295
    Stanley, Capt. Hon. F.A.138
    Stansfeld, Rt. Hon. Jas.110
    - 28 - ↑ {f.28} Stanton, A.J.243
    Starkie, J.P.C.139
    Starkey, L.R.295
    Steere, H. Lee249
    Stevenson, J.C.232
    Stewart, M.J.415
    Storer, G.195
    Stuart, Lt.-Col. J.F.D.C. 38
    Sturt, H. Gerard 80
    Sullivan, A.M.340
    Swanston, Alex.310
    Sykes, Christopher292
    Symonds, W.B.283
    Synan, E.J.335
    Talbot, C.R.M.100
    Talbot, J.G.133
    Taylor, D.309
    Taylor, P.A.144
    Taylor, Lt.-Col. T.E.317
    Tennant, R.143
    Thynne, Lord Hen. F.282
    Tollemache, W.F. 51
    Torr, John155
    Torrens, W. M‘C. 95
    Tracy, Hon. C.R.D.H.176
    Tremayne, J. 60
    Trevelyan, G.O.410
    Trevor, Lord A.E. Hill313
    Turner, Charles141
    Turnor, Edmund153
    Twells, P.156
    Vance, John298
    Verner, Edw. Wingfield299
    Villiers, Rt. Hon. C.P.285
    Vivian, A.P. 61
    Vivian, H.H.100
    Waddy, S.D.  7
    Wait, W.K.101
    Walker, T.E.288
    Wallace, Sir Richard, Bt.336
    Walpole, Hon. F.183
    Walpole, Rt. Hon. S.H. 35
    Walsh, Hon. A.210
    Walter, John 12
    Waring, C.206
    Waterhouse, Major S.205
    Waterlow, Sir S.H., Bt.161
    Watkin, Sir E.W.127
    Watney, James247
    Weguelin, T.M.285
    Welby, W.E.153
    Wellesley, Capt. H.  2
    Wells, Edward263
    Wethered, T.O.167
    Whalley, Geo H.202
    Wheelhouse, W. St. Jas.143
    Whitbread, Samuel 10
    White, Hon. Col. C.351
    Whitelaw, A.386
    Whitwell, J.130
    Whitworth, William346
    Williams, Sir F.M.260
    Williams, Watkin 67
    Wilmot, Col. Sir H. Bt. 72
    Wilmot, Sir J.E., Bt.269
    Wilson, C.H.124
    Wilson, Sir M., Bt.294
    Winn, Rowland152
    Wolff, Sir H.D. 55
    Woodd, B.136
    Wyndham, Hon. P.S. 65
    Wynne, Chas. W.W.177
    Wynne, Sir W.W., Bt. 68
    Yarmouth, Earl of269
    Yeaman, James377
    Yorke, Hon. Eliot C. 36
    Yorke, John R.102
    Young, A.W.117
    Keyword Tags : list, columns, government, England, Ireland, Wales, Scotland, Britain, politics, voting, counties and regions, railways, vehicles and transportation, commerce and trade

    OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.

  • Clerk of the House of Commons, Sir T. Erskine May, K.C.B.
  • Clerk Assistant, Reginald Palgrave, Esq.
  • Second Assistant, Arch. Milman, Esq.
  • Clerk of Public Bills, &c., William Rose, Esq.
  • Clerk of Committees, Chas. Eales, Esq.
  • Clerk of Journals and Papers, James B. Bull, Esq.
  • Clerk of Private Bills, H.B. Mayne, Esq.
  • Accountant, W.O. Mayne, Esq.
  • Counsel to Speaker, G.K. Rickards, Esq.
  • Examiners of Petitions for Private Bills, C. Frere, Esq., and J.H. Robinson. Esq.
  • Taxing Master, Charles Frere, Esq.
  • Short-hand Writer, W.H. Gurney Salter, Esq.
  • Serjeant-at-Arms, Lord C.J. Fox Russell.
  • Deputy, R.A. Gosset, Esq.
  • Assistant-Serjeant, Colonel C.W. Forester.
  • Chaplain, Hon. and Rev. Francis Byng, M.A.
  • Secretary to the Speaker, C.W. Campion, Esq.
  • Librarian, G. Howard, Esq.
  • Printer of Journals, &c., H. Hansard, Esq.
  • Printers of the Votes, Messrs. Nichols.
    • Keyword Tags : columns, list, government, GLAM, voting, work, politics, Britain, newspapers and periodicals

    [Factory and Railway accidents reports]

    [Factory Inspection]

    Factory Inspection. — From the Report of the Inspectors of Factories for the half-year ending April 30, 1874, it appears that considerable difficulty is experienced in getting persons in non-factory districts to attend to the duty of sending to school the children employed by them. The non-factory districts are those in which work is carried on in workshops, in distinction from large factories. In many districts there is a lack of school accommodation. Accidents were reported to have happened to 3626 persons (2663 males, 963 females) ; 1890 were children and young persons. These accidents caused the death of 202 persons, of whom 53 were children and young persons : in 454 cases, amputation of a hand or arm, or of a part of the leg or foot, followed ; and in 203 cases there were injuries to head and face.

    Keyword Tags : prose, work, narrative, education, children, death, disability, gender

    [Railway Accidents.]

    Railway Accidents. — During 1873, according to returns furnished by the railway companies in England, Scotland, and Ireland to the Board of Trade, 1302 persons were killed, and 3110 injured in accidents on railways. At railway crossings, 74 persons were killed, 17 injured.

    Keyword Tags : prose, railways, catastrophes, England, Scotland, Ireland, commerce and trade, death, vehicles and transportation

    ↑ - 29 - {f.29} LEGISLATION OF 1874.[Comment by BQ] : This section does not appear in earlier decades of Punch’s Pocket Book. It signals the creators’ desire to continue to improve the provision of useful information to their readers and users.

    The Building Societies Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 42 (30th July). — By section 7 the Building Societies Act, 6 & 7 William IV., is repealed, except with respect to such Societies registered under it which do not obtain a certificate of incorporation under this Act. S. 8. Societies certified under previous Act may obtain certificates of incorporation under this Act, and their rules continue in force. S. 9. A Society on receiving a certificate of incorporation shall become a body corporate by its registered name, having perpetual succession, and a common seal. S. 10. Transcripts of rules which have been filed with the rolls of the sessions of the peace, shall, on application, be taken off the file and transmitted by the clerk of the peace to the registrar, and remain in his custody and be registered by him : on such registration, subsisting Societies shall be entitled to certificate of incorporation. S. 12. A certificate of incorporation shall not be granted to an existing Society except upon application to the registrar made by authority of a general meeting of the Society specially called for the purpose ; and the registrar may require of the person making the application a statutory declaration that such authority was duly given. S. 13. Societies, either terminating or permanent, may be established for the purpose of raising, by subscriptions of members, a stock or fund for making advances to members upon security of freehold, copyhold, or leasehold estate ; with power to hold land with the right of foreclosure ; provided that any land to which such Society may become absolutely entitled, shall be sold or converted into money as soon as practicable. S. 14. Members are liable to the amount of their shares, and in the case of members who have received an advance, their liability is limited to the amount payable to the Society in accordance with its rules. S. 15. Such Societies may receive deposits or loans, at interest, to be applied to the purposes of the Society : such deposits or loans so received not to exceed two-thirds of the amount for the time being secured to the Society by mortgages from its members. Deposit-books or other acknowledgment or security given to depositors or lenders are to have printed thereon Sections 14 and 15 of this Act. S. 16 specifies the various particulars which are to be provided for in the rules. S. 38. Minors may be admitted members, except as respects voting and holding office. S. 39. Shares may be held jointly by two or more persons. S. 40 provides for annual audit and statement of affairs. S. 41 exempts receipts and other documents (except mortgages) from stamp-duties. By s. 42, receipt endorsed on mortgage to be sufficient discharge.

    Working Men’s Dwellings Act, 37 & 38 Vict., c. 59 (7th August). — Section 4. “Where a municipal corporation determine that any land belonging to them shall be converted into sites for working men’s dwellings, and, on a representation to the Treasury of the circumstances of the case, under section 94 of the Municipal Corporations Act, obtain the approval of the Treasury to the Corporation making for that purpose grants or leases for terms of 999 years, or any shorter term, of parts of that land, then” — certain provisions, which are specified, giving power to the Corporation to make roads, walls, drains, - 30 - {f.30} &c., and to insert certain provisions in leases, &c., shall have effect and apply.

    Slaughter-Houses, &c. (Metropolis) Act, 37 & 38 Vict., c. 67 (7th August). — By section 2, no person may, after the passing of this Act, establish in the Metropolis anew the business of blood-boiler, manure-manufacturer, soap-boiler, tallow-melter, or knacker, under a penalty not exceeding £50, in respect of its establishment, and a like penalty for every day during which he shall carry on such business. S. 3. A like penalty shall be incurred by any person establishing anew within the Metropolis, without the sanction of the local authority, the business of fellmonger, tripe-boiler, slaughterer of cattle, or any other business duly declared by the local board to be offensive.

    Factories (Health of Women, &c.) Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 44 (30th July). — By section 3, the period during which a child, young person, or woman may be employed in a factory, is from six a.m. to six p.m., or from seven a.m. to seven p.m. By Ss. 4 and 5, a child, young person, or woman shall not be employed continuously for more than four and a half hours without an interval of at least half an hour for a meal ; two hours in the day to be allowed for meals, of which one hour is to be before three o’clock p.m. On Saturday they are to leave the factory by half-past twelve, one o’clock, half-past one, and two, according to certain specified circumstances. In s. 6, similar regulations are made for those employed in morning and afternoon sets, or for the whole day on alternate days. By s. 7, the meal times for all children, young persons, and women are to be simultaneous ; by s. 8 employment is not to be engaged in during meal times. S. 9, notices are to be hung up in the factory, stating the particulars of employment, meals, &c. ; changes to be notified to the inspector previously to their introduction. S. 12. After 1st January, 1876, a person aged 13, and under 14, shall be deemed to be a child, and not a young person, unless he has duly obtained a certificate of certain educational acquirements as published by authority in the Gazette. S. 13. No child under 9 years of age shall be employed in factories during 1875 ; from 1st January, 1876, no child under 10 years shall be so employed, with exception of such children as may already be legitimately so employed.[Comment by BQ] : This summary of the 1874 Factory Act legislated working hours and limits for children and women, including the upcoming age minimums for child workers. The full act is available here: ‘Factory Act 1874.’ Accessed 24 June 2025.

    The Licensing Act, 1874, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 49 (30th July). — In section 3, the hours during which premises in which intoxicating liquors are sold shall be closed, are prescribed as follows : — “(1.) If situate within the Metropolitan district, — (a) on Saturday night from midnight until one o’clock in the afternoon on the following Sunday ; and (b) on Sunday night from eleven o’clock until five o’clock on the following morning ; and (c) on all other days from half-an-hour after midnight until five o’clock on the same morning ; and (2.) If situate beyond the Metropolitan district and in the Metropolitan police district, or in a town, or in a populous place as defined by this Act, — (a) on Saturday night from eleven o’clock until half-an-hour after noon on the following Sunday ; and (b) on Sunday night from ten o’clock until six o’clock on the following morning ; and (c) on the nights of all other days from eleven o’clock until six o’clock on the following morning ; and (3.) If situate elsewhere than in the Metropolitan district, or the Metropolitan police - 31 - {f.31} district, or such town or populous place as aforesaid. — (a) On Saturday night from ten o’clock until half-an-hour after noon on the following Sunday ; and (b) on Sunday night from ten o’clock until six o’clock on the following morning ; and (c) on the nights of all other days from ten o’clock until six o’clock on the following morning. Such premises wherever situate shall, save as hereinafter mentioned, be closed on Sunday afternoon from three or half-past two, according as the hour of opening shall be one o’clock in the afternoon or half-an-hour after noon, until six o’clock. Such premises wherever situate shall be closed on Christmas Day and Good Friday and on the days preceding Christmas Day and Good Friday respectively, as if Christmas Day and Good Friday were respectively Sunday, and the preceding days were respectively Saturday, but this provision shall not alter the hours during which such premises shall be closed on Sunday when Christmas Day immediately precedes or succeeds Sunday.” S. 4 repeals the exemption previously given to occupiers of premises in the neighbourhood of theatres to keep open longer than the prescribed hours. By s. 6, licensing justices may vary the hours of opening on Sunday afternoon. S. 7 enacts that in cases of application for licence for the sale of intoxicating liquors for consumption on the premises, if the applicant applies to have a clause inserted in the licence that the premises shall be closed one hour earlier than otherwise would be the time of closing, the justices may grant a licence in such terms, and the applicant shall pay to the Commissioners of Inland Revenue six-sevenths of the duty which would otherwise be payable by him. By s. 8, six-day licences may be granted, in which case five-sevenths of the ordinary duty shall be payable. S. 10 saves the rights of bonâ fide travellers and lodgers ; if the justices think a defendant truly believed that a purchaser was a bonâ fide traveller, and took all reasonable precautions to ascertain the fact, they shall dismiss the case as against such defendant ; and may direct proceedings to be instituted against the purchaser, if they think that he falsely represented himself to be a bonâ fide traveller. A person is to be deemed a bonâ fide traveller who has lodged the preceding night at least three miles distant, by the nearest public thoroughfare. By s. 11, exceptional privileges, as to hours of keeping open, in the case of “night-houses,” are abolished.

    Married Women’s Property Act (1870), Amendment Act, 1874, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 50 (30th July). — By section 1, a husband and wife may be jointly sued for debts which were contracted by the wife before marriage. S. 2 provides that the husband shall be held liable for such debts to the extent of the wife’s property before marriage, or property acquired by the husband in consequence of the marriage.

    Rating Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 54 (7th August). — By s. 3, exemptions from rating are abolished in respect of (1) land used for a plantation, or a wood, or for the growth of saleable underwood, and not subject to any right of common ; (2) rights of fowling, of shooting, of taking or killing game or rabbits, and of fishing, when severed from the occupation of the land ; and (3) mines of every kind not mentioned in the original Act for the relief of the poor (43 Elizabeth, c. 2). Ss. 4-9 give the principles of valuation to be adopted, and fix the mode of apportioning the payment of the rates as between landlord and tenant. - 32 - {f.32} S. 10. Local rates are leviable as well as the poor rate. S. 11, the Act to come into operation on April 6th, 1875.

    Real Property Limitation Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 57 (7th August). — By s. 1 no land or rent is to be recovered but within twelve years after the right of action has accrued. S. 2 provides for the case of future estates, and limits the time, in certain cases, to six years.

    Leases and Sales of Settled Estates Amendment Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 33 (16th July). — This Act extends the operation of 19 & 20 Vict. c. 120, in respect of persons whose concurrence or consent is required by that Act to be given to an application respecting leases or sales of settled estates, providing that if such persons do not, in reply to the notice from the court, intimate their consent or concurrence, they shall be held to have submitted their rights and interests to be dealt with by the court. S. 3. In certain circumstances the court will dispense with the consent or concurrence of the persons referred to above.

    Vendor and Purchaser Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 78 (7th August). — By s. 1, for 60 years, 40 years is substituted as the period of commencement of title which a purchaser of land may require, but earlier title than 40 years may be required in cases similar to those in which earlier title than 60 may now be required. S. 2 gives rules for regulating obligations and rights of vendor and purchaser, in respect of production of title, the allowance of recitals 20 years old, and other matters. By s. 3, trustees who are vendors or purchasers may sell or buy without excluding the application of the second section of this Act ; s. 4, legal personal representatives of a mortgagee of a freehold estate, or of a copyhold estate to which the mortgagee shall have been admitted, may, on payment of the mortgage, convey or surrender the mortgaged estate. S. 8 provides that when the will of a testator devising land in Middlesex or Yorkshire has not been registered within the period allowed by law in that behalf, an assurance of such land to a purchaser or mortgagee by the devisee or by some one deriving title under him shall, if registered before, take precedence of and prevail over any assurance from the testator’s heir-at-law. S. 9. A vendor or purchaser may apply in a summary way to a judge in chambers, in respect of any question arising out of or connected with the contract. S. 10. This Act is not to extend to Scotland.

    The Infants’ Relief Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 62 (7th August), provides that all contracts, whether by speciality or by simple contract, for repayment of money lent or goods supplied or to be supplied, other than contracts for necessaries, shall be absolutely void. S. 2. No promise before, or ratification after, full age, is to be available as the foundation of an action.

    An Act to Amend the Law relating to Attorneys and Solicitors, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 68 (7th August). — By this Act, which applies to England and Wales (section 4), a person bound by articles of clerkship to any attorney or solicitor, is not precluded from engaging in any other kind of employment if he obtain the consent in writing of the attorney or solicitor to whom he is bound, and the order of a superior judge, giving his sanction thereto. S. 7, when application is intended - 33 - {f.33} to be made to any court for a rule or order to strike the name of an attorney or solicitor off the roll, notice in writing shall be given to the registrar at least 14 clear days before such application shall be made, accompanied with (s. 9) copies of affidavits intended to be used in support of the application. Ss. 9-11 regulate the course of procedure before the judge. By s. 12, any person wilfully and falsely pretending to be, and acting as, an attorney or solicitor shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding £10 for each such offence.

    An Act to Amend “The Colonial Attornies Relief Act,” 37 & 38 Vict. c. 41 (30th July). — By this Act, a Colonial Attorney applying to be admitted as attorney or solicitor in England, is relieved from passing an examination, and from the condition of ceasing from practice in any colonial court for at least 12 months, provided such applicant has actually practised in a Colonial Court for seven years, and has served under articles and passed an examination previously to his admission as attorney or solicitor in a Colonial Court.

    The Bar Admission Stamp Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 19 (30th June), enacts, in section 1, “No stamp duty shall be payable on admission in England to the degree of barrister-at-law of a person previously duly admitted as an advocate in Scotland, or an admission as an advocate in Scotland of a person previously duly admitted to the degree of barrister-at-law in England, and the stamp duty payable on admission as an advocate in Scotland of a person previously duly admitted to the degree of barrister-at-law in Ireland shall be ten pounds, and the stamp duty payable on admission in Ireland to the degree of barrister-at-law of a person previously duly admitted as an advocate in Scotland shall be ten pounds.” S. 2. Account to be kept of the moneys so payable, “and such moneys shall be paid over by the Receiver-General of Inland Revenue to the Treasurer of the Society of King’s Inns in Dublin, to be applied by him according to the directions of the said Society.”

    Customs and Inland Revenue Act, 37 Vict. c. 16 (8th June). — By section 2, the Customs duties on sugar, raw and refined, and on cane juice, molasses, preserved ginger, marmalade, and all fruits and vegetables preserved in sugar, are repealed. S. 3 continues till 1st August, 1875, the Customs duty of 6d. per ℔ on Tea imported into Great Britain or Ireland. S. 4 grants an income tax of 2d. in the pound on property, profits, and gains chargeable under schedules A., C., D., or E. of 16 & 17 Vict. c. 34 ; and on the annual value of the occupation of lands, tenements, hereditaments, and heritages, (schedule B.,) in England, one penny, and in Scotland and Ireland, three farthings in the pound. S. 11 repeals the excise duties on race-horses ; on licences to keep horses or mules ; and on licences for exercising or carrying on the trade of horse dealer ; and s. 12 repeals the excise duties on sugar made in the United Kingdom, and on sugar used in brewing. By s. 13 an excise duty of 11s. 6d. per cwt. is charged upon sugar used in brewing, the said duty to be under the management of the Commissioners of Inland Revenue. Ss. 14-20 contain regulations with respect to the entry and storage of sugar in breweries and distilleries. S. 21 refers to a schedule annexed to the Act, which contains a list of Acts and portions of Acts which are by this Act repealed.

    Betting Act, 37 Vict. c. 15 (8th June). — By s. 3, persons exhibiting - 34 - {f.34} sending, or publishing a letter, circular, telegram, placard, &c., offering information or advice with respect to a bet or wager, or making on behalf of other persons any such bet or wager, shall be subject to penalties provided in 16 & 17 Vict. c. 119. By s. 4, the principal Act, and this Act, are extended to Scotland, with certain modifications.

    Hertford College, Oxford, Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 55, provides for the transference of the property of Magdalen Hall to the newly-founded Hertford College, Oxford.

    Endowed Schools Act Amendment Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 87 (7th August). — By this Act the powers of the Endowed Schools Commissioners are transferred to the Charity Commissioners.

    The Sanitary Law Amendment Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 89 (7th August), consists of 59 sections, which are chiefly explanatory and administrative, in reference to sanitary Boards and their action.

    Births and Deaths Registration Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 88 (7th August). — Section 1. Notice of birth to be given to the registrar within 42 days. S. 2. After 42 days, the registrar may send a requisition for particulars. S. 3. If a living new-born child be found exposed, information to be given to the registrar. S. 9. The death of every person dying in England, and the cause of death, to be registered by the registrar. S. 10. The death of a person dying in a house to be notified to the registrar within five days, by near relatives, persons present in the house at the time of death, or by the occupier of the house, or the person causing the body of the deceased person to be buried. S. 18. “A person shall not wilfully bury, or procure to be buried, the body of any deceased child as if it were still-born. A person who has control over or ordinarily buries bodies in any burial ground shall not permit to be buried in such burial ground the body of any deceased child as if it were still-born, and shall not permit to be buried or bury in such burial ground any still-born child before there is delivered to him either, — (a.) A written certificate that such child was not born alive, signed by a registered medical practitioner who was in attendance at the birth or has examined the body of such child ; or (b.) A declaration signed by some person who would, if the child had been born alive, have been required by this Act to give information concerning the birth, to the effect that no registered medical practitioner was present at the birth, or that his certificate cannot be obtained, and that the child was not born alive ; or (c.) If there has been an inquest, an order of the coroner. Any person who acts in contravention of this section shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding ten pounds.” S. 27. Fees of superintendent-registrar and registrars are recoverable as debts. S. 28. Registrars are to return to sanitary authorities such particulars as to any death as may be requested by such sanitary authority. S. 36 provides for the correction of errors in registers of births and deaths.

    The Public Worship Regulation Bill, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 85 (7th August), provides (s. 2) that this Act shall come into operation 1st July, 1875, except otherwise expressly provided ; and (s. 3) extend to England, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man ; (s. 7) the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, subject to the approval of Her Majesty, shall appoint a barrister-at-law, of ten years’ standing, or a person - 35 - {f.35} who has been a superior judge, to be a judge of the provincial courts of Canterbury and York, and who, when a vacancy shall occur in the office of official principal of the Arches Court of Canterbury, the office of official principal or auditor of the Chancery Court of York, and the office of Master of the Faculties to the Archbishop of Canterbury, shall hold ex officio these several offices. The judge to be a member of the Church of England. By s. 8, any complaint as to the ritual observed by the incumbent in any church, or as to alterations or additions to the fabric, ornaments, or decoration of the church, or any ornament or vesture used by the minister, may be embodied in a representation signed by the archdeacon, a churchwarden, or any three parishioners, and transmitted to the bishop, at any time within five years of the alteration complained of. S. 9. The bishop may decline to take action, in which case he shall give his reasons in writing. Otherwise he shall, within 21 days after receiving the representation, send a copy of it to the person complained of, and if both parties are willing, the bishop shall try the cause, and pronounce judgment or monition, from which there shall be no appeal. S. 13. If the incumbent refuses to obey the monition or order of the bishop or the judge, he shall be inhibited from performing any service of the church or otherwise exercising the cure of souls within the diocese for a term not exceeding three months. During the inhibition the bishop may provide for the spiritual charge of the parish.

    The following Acts have reference to Scotland exclusively : — The Church Patronage (Scotland) Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 82 (7th August), repeals (s. 3) the Acts 10 Anne, c. 12 and 6 & 7 Vict. c. 61, and gives the right of appointing a minister to a vacant church and parish to the congregation of the vacant church and parish, subject to such arrangements as may be made by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland ; (s. 4) compensation to be given to patrons, if applied for within six months after passing of this Act ; (s. 5) compensation not to exceed one year’s stipend, and to be defrayed, if not otherwise provided, by deducting one-fourth from the stipend for the four years following ; (s. 6) the sheriff’s judgment to be final in cases under this Act ; (s. 7) if the congregation do not appoint a minister within six months, the presbytery may do so ; the Conveyancing (Scotland) Act, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 94 (7th August), to come into operation 1st October, 1874, (s. 4) abolishes the form of renewal of investiture, in the case of lands which have been feued, in order to the completion of a title ; the act of infeftment is to imply entry with the superior ; the proprietor last entered being liable to the superior for the payment of feu-duties and the discharge of obligations of the feu, till notice of change of ownership has been given to the superior ; no lands hereafter to be deemed in non-entry : but the superior shall have right of action in lieu of a declaration of non-entry ; possession cannot be challenged after twenty years ; s. 40, every holograph writing of a testamentary character shall, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, be deemed to have been executed or made of the date it bears. The other sections of the Act refer chiefly to the mode of completing titles in certain cases. Several Schedules of Forms are annexed to the Act.

    The following Acts refer exclusively to Ireland. The Game Birds Ireland) Act, 37 Vict. c. 11 (21st May), enacts that the grouse season in - 36 - {f.36} Ireland shall begin on the 12th of August, instead of, as previously, on the 20th of August. The Licensing Act (Ireland), 1874, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 69. By s. 2, persons obtaining licences for the sale of intoxicating liquors, with a condition to close their premises one hour earlier than they would otherwise be closed, are allowed a deduction of one-seventh part of the duty. By s. 3, persons taking out a licence for six days in the week, have a reduction of two sevenths of the duty. By s. 20, penalties are not to be reduced, except for a first offence, below 20s. The Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1874, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 93 (7th August), divides Ireland into — (1) Urban, and (2) Rural sanitary districts, to which bodies matters relating to the public health and the sanitary improvement of the respective districts are committed.

    Statute Law Revision — Two Acts have been passed by the Imperial Parliament in 1874, with the view of further promoting the revision of the Statute Law, by repealing enactments which have ceased to be in force or have become unnecessary. The Act 37 & 38 Vict. c. 35, passed July 16th, deals, in chronological sequence, with Acts of Parliament which were enacted from 42 Geo. III. to 7 Will. IV. and 1 Vict., a period of about 35 years. The second Act (37 & 38 Vict. c. 96) refers to Acts passed from 1 Vict. to 7 & 8 Vict. inclusive. The two Acts, in fact, constitute one, and in section 1 of each the precise force of the enactment is defined.

    The following Table presents a summary of the number of Acts repealed in whole or in part by these two Acts, and distinguishing the two classes : —

    Sessions of Parliament.Acts Repealed.
    Entirely.In part.
        42 Geo. III.  2
        52 Geo. III.  2
        53 Geo. III.  3
        55 Geo. III.  2
        57 Geo. III.  1
        59 Geo. III.  1  2
         1 Geo. IV.  2  1
    1 &  2 Geo. IV.  1  4
         3 Geo. IV.  3  3
         5 Geo. IV.  1  2
         6 Geo. IV.  2  7
         7 Geo. IV.  2
    7 &  8 Geo. IV.  2  3
         9 Geo. IV.  1  3
        10 Geo. IV.  1  2
        11 Geo. IV. and 1 Will. IV.  4  5
         1 Will. IV. 14  5
    1 &  2 Will. IV. 23 16
    2 &  3 Will. IV. 48 33
    3 &  4 Will. IV. 26 30
    4 &  5 Will. IV. 34 22
    5 &  6 Will. IV. 25 27
    6 &  7 Will. IV. 36 32
         7 Will. IV. and 1 Vict. 27 33
    1 &  2 Vict. 34 38
    2 &  3 Vict. 33 28
    3 &  4 Vict. 37 41
    4 &  5 Vict. 27 11
         5 Vict.  4  2
    5 &  6 Vict. 37 45
    6 &  7 Vict. 28 35
    7 &  8 Vict. 25 43
    Total468483
    Keyword Tags : prose, politics, law and order, work, London, food and drink, alcohol, marriage, land and property, nature, finances, children, colonialism, commerce and trade, education, government, faith and religion, Ireland, Scotland, hunting, grid or table format, society, gender, charity, empire, health and medicine, death, family

    ↑ - 38 - {f.38} CITY OF LONDON.

    LORD MAYOR. — RIGHT HON. DAVID H. STONE.
    ALDERMEN.

  • Bridge-without — Sir R.W. Carden.
  • Billingsgate — T. Sidney, Esq.
  • Tower — Thos. Quested Finnis, Esq.
  • Cornhill — John Carter, Esq.
  • Queenhithe — Sir W.A. Rose
  • Bread-st. — W. Lawrence, Esq.
  • Farringdon-within — Sir B.S. Phillips
  • Vintry — Sir Thos. Gabriel, Bt.
  • Cheap — Wm. Ferneley Allen, Esq.
  • Walbrook — Sir J.C. Lawrence, Bt., M.P.
  • Aldersgate — Robert Besley, Esq.
  • Candlewick — Sir Thos. Dakin.
  • Castle Baynard — Sir Sills John Gibbons, Bt.
  • Langbourn — Sir S.H. Waterlow, Bt., M.P.
  • Aldgate — Sir Andrew Lusk, Bt., M.P.

    • RECORDER, Rt. Hon. Russell Gurney, Q.C., M.P.

  • Lime-street — W.J.R. Cotton, Esq., M.P.
  • Bridge-within — Sir C. Whetham.
  • Bishopsgate — T.S. Owden, Esq.
  • Portsoken — Sir Thomas White.
  • Dowgate — Sir F.W. Truscott.
  • Coleman-st. — W. MacArthur, M.P.
  • Broad-street — J.W. Ellis, Esq.
  • Farringdon-witht. — J. Figgins, Esq.
  • Cordwainer — John Paterson, Esq.
  • Cripplegate — H.E. Knight, Esq.
    • ⁂ All before the Recorder have passed the Chair. All below the Recorder have served the office of Sheriff, with exception of Mr. Paterson and Mr. Knight.

    SHERIFFS AND UNDER-SHERIFFS.

  • Alderman Ellis.
  • James Shaw, Esq.
  • W.T. Elliott, Esq.
  • G.A. Sedgwick, Esq.

    • CHAMBERLAIN, Benjamin Scott, Esq., F.R.A.S.

  • Town Clerk, J.B. Monckton, Esq.
  • Com. Serj., Sir T. Chambers, M.P.
  • Judge of City of London County Court, R.M. Kerr, Esq., LL.D.
  • Comptroller of the Chamber, and of Bridge House Est., F. Brand, Esq.
  • Remembrancer, W. Corrie, Esq.
  • Solicitor, Thos. Jas. Nelson, Esq.
  • Clerk of Arraigns, H. Avory, Esq.
  • Medical Officer, W.S. Saunders, Esq.
  • Coroner, W.J. Payne, Esq.
  • Sword Bearer, G.J.W. Winzar, Esq.
  • Commiss., Police, Col. Fraser, C.B.
  • City Marshal, Major Campbell.
  • High Bailiff of Southwark, Wm. Gresham, Esq.
  • Secondary, H. De Jersey, Esq.
  • Librarian, W.H. Overall, F.S.A.

    • Mayoralty, 1873-4. — In Sir Andrew Lusk’s year of office there was collected towards the relief of the sufferers from famine in Bengal,[Comment by SL] : Between late 1873 and early 1875, the Bihar region of northern Bengal was faced with a famine situation. Although recent estimates suggests this famine was devastating, official records only registered twenty-four deaths from famine in this period. This was likely due to political expediency in both colonial Bengal and London. With the fall of the Liberal prime minister William Gladstone (1809-1898) in 1874, this famine was highly politicised by the metropolitan government and their opponents. His conservative successor, Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881), regarded the plight of the famine victims as an opportunity to usher in a more paternalistic vision of the British Empire. The Liberal lord mayor's relief fund may be viewed within this political context. For further information, see Éléonore Chanlat-Bernard, ‘Qu’est-Ce Qu’un Cas de Mortalité Par La Faim? La Surmortalité Par La Famine En Débats Au Bengale Colonial (1873-1875),’ Tracés 41 (2021): 65–79. a sum amounting to £ 129,163 19s. 1d. Sir Andrew Lusk entertained the Prince of Wales after unveiling the statue to the Prince Consort on Holborn Viaduct ; Sir Garnet Wolseley on his return from Ashantee ; Chambers of Commerce and Agriculture ; Mayors and Provosts of the United Kingdom ; members of the Congress of Orientalists ; and representatives of literature and science. He gave a grand ball to the Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh on their marriage. The Czar of Russia was subsequently entertained at the Guildhall.

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    ↑ - 38 - {f.38} GROSS PUBLIC REVENUE OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, 1859-1874.

    Years ended 31st March.Customs.Excise, Licences, &c.Stamps.Taxes.Property and Income-Tax.Post-Office.Total.
    £££££££
    185924,117,94317,902,000 8,005,7693,162,000 6,683,5873,200,00065,623,181
    186024,460,90220,361,000 8,043,5983,232,000 9,596,1063,310,00071,205,078
    186123,305,77719,435,000 8,348,4123,127,00010,923,8173,400,00070,388,085
    186223,674,00018,332,000 8,590,9453,160,00010,365,0003,510,00069,865,057
    186324,034,00017,155,000 8,994,0003,150,00010,567,0003,650,00070,604,562
    186423,232,00018,207,000 9,317,0003,218,000 9,084,0003,810,00070,209,065
    186522,572,00019,558,000 9,530,0003,292,000 7,958,0004,100,00070,313,787
    186621,276,00019,788,000 9,560,0003,350,000 6,390,0004,250,00067,812,292
    186722,303,00020,670,000 9,420,0003,468,000 5,700,0004,470,00069,434,568
    186822,650,00020,162,000 9,541,0003,509,900 6,177,0004,630,00069,600,218
    186922,424,00020,462,000 9,218,0003,494,000 8,618,0004,660,00072,591,992
    187021,529,00021,763,000 9,248,0004,500,00010,044,0004,670,00075,434,252
    187120,191,00022,788,000 9,007,0002,725,000* 6,350,0004,770,00069,945,220
    187220,326,00023,326,000 9,772,0002,330,000 9,084,0004,680,00074,708,314
    187321,033,00025,785,000 9,947,0002,337,000 7,500,0004,820,00076,608,770
    187420,339,00027,172,00010,550,0002,324,000 5,691,0005,792,00077,335,657
    * Including only Land-tax and House-duty. Licences were substituted for other taxes in 1870.
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    ↑ - 39 - {f.39} GROSS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, 1859-1874.

    Years ended 31st March.Interest of National Debt.Army.Navy.Civil List and Miscellaneous.Total.
    £££££
    185928,673,38112,512,291 9,215,487 9,110,12964,809,780
    186028,754,13514,057,18611,823,859 9,685,91369,617,698
    186126,335,11414,970,00013,331,66810,728,02972,896,155
    186226,330,68415,570,86912,598,04210,821,95671,304,563
    186326,231,65716,264,79011,370,58810,881,51269,302,008
    186426,211,79114,638,05110,821,59610,771,49067,056,286
    186526,369,39814,382,67210,898,25310,205,41266,462,207
    186626,233,28813,804,45010,259,78810,250,06565,914,357
    186726,081,77814,675,54010,676,10110,523,01966,780,396
    186826,571,75015,418,58211,168,94911,193,75871,236,242
    186926,618,32615,000,00011,366,54511,966,64374,972,816
    187027,053,56013,565,400 9,757,29012,254,70068,864,752
    187126,826,43713,430,400 9,456,64113,176,65969,548,539
    187226,839,60115,861,580 9,900,48613,298,99371,490,020
    187326,804,85315,413,200 9,543,00012,883,19770,714,448
    187426,572,37615,140,96410,279,90017,067,60976,466,510
    Keyword Tags : finances, grid or table format, list, military, government, maritime, Britain, England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales

    ↑ - 40 - {f.40} STATISTICS OF TRADE AND COMMERCE.

    National Debt. — The following is a statement of the amount of the National Debt of the United Kingdom on March 31st in the years named : — 1859, £830,757,193 ; 1864, £821,290,829 ; 1869, £805,480,164 ; 1874, £779,283,245.

    Annual Value of Property and Profits, Assessed to the Income Tax, in the Years Ending April 5th, 1858, 1862, 1867, and 1872 : —

    Years.Schedule A.Schedule B.Schedule C.Schedules D. and E.Total.
    £££££
    1858136,614,32551,835,70329,515,371109,173,453327,138,852
    1862148,651,68254,301,29129,083,200119,709,068351,745,241
    1867136,867,81556,434,84833,640,440196,830,465423,773,568
    1872153,817,52859,196,17638,646,360230,678,253482,338,317

    The figures for 1872 are made up thus, roughly (in millions) : Schedule A. (lands, tenements, tithes not commuted, manors, fines, &c.), England 126, Scotland 15, Ireland 13 ; Schedule B. (for occupation of land, tenements, and hereditaments) : England 49, Scotland 7, Ireland 3 ; Schedule C. (profits arising from annuities, dividends, &c. payable out of the public revenues), United Kingdom 38, as above ; Schedule D. (gains arising from any profession or trade, also from railways, canals, mines, gasworks, &c.), England 176, Scotland 18, Ireland 8 ; and Schedule E., for all public offices and pensions paid out of the public revenue, in the United Kingdom, 28.

    Imports and Exports of Merchandise into and from the United Kingdom : —

    Years.Imports.Exports.Total.
    Total Value.British Produce.Foreign and Colonial Produce.
    ££££
    1859178,182,355130,411,52925,281,446334,875,330
    1862225,716,976123,992,26442,175,870391,885,110
    1867275,183,137180,961,92344,840,606500,985,666
    1872354,693,624256,257,34758,331,487669,282,458
    1873371,287,372255,164,60355,830,162682,282,137

    The proportion of the above amounts per head of the total population of the United Kingdom may be shown, as follows : — Imports, 1859, £6 5s. 5d. ; 1873, £11 11s. 2d. ; Exports of British produce, 1859, £4 11s. 2d. ; 1873, £7 18s. 10d. ; Total exports and imports, 1859, £11 14s. 2d. ; 1873, £21 4s. 9d.

    - 41 - {f.41} Foreign Countries. — In the years 1859 and 1873 the official value of the Imports into the United Kingdom from the countries named was as follows : — Northern ports of Russia, 1859, £9,683,575 ; 1873, £13,660,041 ; Southern ports of Russia, 1859, £3,864,580 ; 1873, £7,529,290 ; Sweden and Norway, 1859, £3,529,659 ; 1873, £10,686,777 ; Denmark proper, and Iceland, 1859, £2,523,036 ; 1873, £3,571,139 ; Germany, 1859, £10,489,396 ; 1873, £19,926,451 ; Holland, 1859, £6,712,585 ; 1873, £13,272,444 ; Belgium, 1859, £3,532,891 ; 1873, £13,075,186 ; France, 1859, £16,870,858 ; 1873, £43,339,234 ; Portugal, 1859, £1,510,740 ; 1873, £4,329,806 ; Spain, 1859, £3,285,394 ; 1873, £10,973,231 ; Italy, 1859, £2,582,578 ; 1873, £3,831,091 ; Austrian territories, 1859, £968,597 ; 1873, £869,433 ; Turkey, 1859, £2,813,194 ; 1873, £6,068,925 ; Egypt, 1859, £8,572,311 ; 1873, £14,155,913 ; United States, 1859, £34,294,042 ; 1873, £71,471,493 ; Brazil, 1859, £2,828,770 ; 1873, £7,399,974 ; China, 1859, £9,014,310 ; 1873, £12,520,460.

    Exports. — In the years 1859 and 1873 the official value of the exports from the United Kingdom to the foreign countries named was as follows : — Northern ports of Russia, 1859, £5,741,473 ; 1873, £8,920,498 ; Southern ports of Russia, 1859, £615,455 ; 1873, £2,624,733 ; Sweden and Norway, 1859, £1,424,240 ; 1873, £6,972,999 ; Denmark proper, and Iceland, 1859, £933,454 ; 1873, £3,054,688 ; Germany, 1859, £16,059,316 ; 1873, £36,709,419 ; Holland, 1859, £8,159,186 ; 1873, £24,578,380 ; Belgium, 1859, £3,703,546 ; 1873, £14,230,511 ; France, 1859, £9,561,956 ; 1873, £30,196,168 ; Portugal, 1859, £1,671,072 ; 1873, £3,338,033 ; Spain, 1859, £2,125,586 ; 1873, £4,527,817 ; Italy, 1859, £4,392,313 ; 1873, £8,571,687 ; Austrian territories, 1859, £1,027,350 ; 1873, £1,815,463 ; Turkey, 1859, £2,813,194 ; 1873, £8,120,246 ; Egypt, 1859, £2,341,693 ; 1873, £6,332,461 ; United States, 1859, £24,417,892 ; 1873, £36,698,424 ; Brazil, 1859, £3,840,904 ; 1873, £7,876,595 ; China, 1859, £2,574,825 ; 1873, £5,017,334.

    Imports from British possessions into the United Kingdom, 1859 and 1873 : — British India, 1859, £15,244,869 ; 1873, £29,890,802 ; Australia, 1859, £5,834,641 ; 1873, £17,262,706 ; North American Colonies, 1859, £5,474,025 ; 1873, £11,727,851 ; West India Islands and Guiana, 1859, £5,397,969 ; 1873, £6,475,392 ; Ceylon, 1859, £1,654,391 ; 1873, £4,331,006 ; Cape of Good Hope and Natal, 1859, £1,684,646 ; 1873, £4,120,915 ; the Straits Settlements, 1859, £1,108,235 ; 1873, £3,464,279 ; Hong Kong, 1861) £137,864 ; 1873, £783,457 ; Malta, 1859, £165,858 ; 1873, £301,668 ; Gibraltar, 1859, £44,268 ; 1873, £92,905 ; Channel Islands, 1859, £478,055 ; 1873, £551,009.

    Exports to the following British possessions, 1859 and 1873 : — British India, 1859, £20,782,853 ; 1873, £22,313,988 ; Australia, 1859, £12,495,285 ; 1873, £19,225,636 ; North American Colonies, 1859, £3,965,942 ; 1873, 9,373,776 ; West India Islands and Guiana, 1859, £2,425,275 ; 1873, £3,644,615 ; Ceylon, 1859, £697,825 ; 1873, £1,107,662 ; Cape of Good Hope and Natal, 1859, £2,045,425 ; 1873, £4,645,967 ; the Straits Settlements, 1859, £1,456,696 ; 1873, £2,171,819 ; Hong Kong, 1859, £2,011,411 ; 1873, £3,610,265 ; Malta, 1859, £707,465 ; 1873, £1,129,763 ; Gibraltar, 1859, £795,739 ; 1873, £1,298,817 ; Channel Islands, 1859, £745,446 ; 1873, £863,430.

    Keyword Tags : finances, grid or table format, list, government, Britain, land and property, commerce and trade, colonialism, empire, international
    Keyword Tags : list, politics, aristocracy, Britain, Ireland, Scotland, England, law and order, royalty, faith and religion, government, counties and regions, Wales

    ↑ - 42 - {f.42} BANKING.

    BANK OF ENGLAND.* The changes in the Bank Direction take place in April.

  • Governor. — Benj. Buck Greene, Esq.
  • Deputy-Gov. — Henry Hucks Gibbs, Esq.
  • Directors. — Henry Wollaston Blake, Esq. ; Henry Hulse Berens, Esq. ; John William Birch, Esq. ; Robert Wigram Crawford, Esq. ; James Pattison Currie, Esq. ; Henry Riversdale Grenfell, Esq. ; Charles Hermann Göschen, Esq. ; Thomson Hankey, Esq. ; Kirkman Daniel Hodgson, Esq. ; Henry Lancelot Holland, Esq. ; John Gellibrand Hubbard, Esq. ; Thomas Newman Hunt, Esq. ; Charles Frederick Huth, Esq. ; Alfred Latham, Esq. ; William Lidderdale, Esq. ; George Lyall, Esq. ; Thomas Masterman, Esq. ; Alexander Matheson, Esq. ; James Morris, Esq. ; Ed. Howley Palmer, Esq. ; David Powell, Jun., Esq. ; Alfred Charles de Rothschild, Esq. ; Alfred George Sandeman, Esq. ; Christopher Weguelin, Esq.
  • Chief Accountant — J. Francis, Esq.
  • Chief Cashier — Frank May, Esq.
  • Secretary — Hammond Chubb, Esq.

    • branch banks of the bank of england.

    Western Branch — Burlington Gardens, W.

    Birmingham — Bristol — Hull — Leeds — Liverpool — Manchester — Newcastle-upon-Tyne — Plymouth — Portsmouth.

    Assets and Liabilities of the Bank of England. — Quarterly averages of the weekly returns — March, 1859 : — Assets, £47,052,000 ; Liabilities, £43,632,000 ; 1863, Assets, £45,258,000 ; Liabilities, £41,811,000 ; 1868, Assets, £53,126,000 ; Liabilities, £48,157,000 ; 1873, Assets, £60,292,000 ; Liabilities, £56,743,000.

    Notes in Circulation, payable on demand. — Monthly average amount — March, 1859 — Bank of England, £21,240,000 ; other banks, £16,993,116 ; 1863, Bank of England, £20,100,000 ; other banks, £15,182,460 ; 1868, Bank of England, £23,767,000 ; other banks, £15,445,164 ; 1873, Bank of England, £25,153,000 ; other banks, £17,268,561.

    Rate of Discount — Average Minimum Rate charged by the Bank of England : 1859, 2¾ ; 1860, 4¼ ; 1861, 5¼ ; 1862, 2½ ; 1863, 4½ ; 1864, 7½ ; 1865, 4¾ ; 1866, 7 ; 1867, 2½ ; 1868, 2¼ ; 1869, 3¼ ; 1870, 3⅛ ; 1871, 2⅞ ; 1872, 4⅛ ; 1873, 4¾ per cent. The lowest monthly average was 2 per cent. in 1862, 1867, 1868, and 1871 ; the highest was 10 per cent., which it reached in June and July, 1866.

    Coinage. — The amount of gold, silver, and copper monies coined at the Royal Mint was as follows ; — 1859, £3,305,085 ; 1860, £3,378.102 ; 1861, £8,673,232 ; 1862, £8,337,731 ; 1863, £7,310,032 ; 1864, £10,088,861 ; 1865, £2,926,839 ; 1866, £5,620,716 ; 1867, £723,540 ; 1868, £1,971,068 ; 1869, £7,469,644 ; 1870, £2,682,886 ; 1871, £10,628,786 ; 1872, £16,552,691 ; 1873, £4,512,460.

    Keyword Tags : list, columns, finances, work

    ↑ - 43 - {f.43} PRINCIPAL BANKERS IN LONDON & WESTMINSTER.

  • Addison & Co., 15, Old Bond-street.
  • Alexanders, Cunliffes, & Co., 30, Lombard-st., E.C.
  • Alliance (Limited), Bartholomew-lane, E.C. ; and High-st., Borough.
  • Anglo-Austrian Bank, 18 & 19, Fenchurch-street, E.C.
  • Anglo-Hungarian, 18, Fenchurch-st.
  • Anglo-Italian Bank (Limited), 16, Leadenhall-street, E.C.
  • Australian Joint Stock Bank, 18, King William-street, E.C.
  • Bank of Australasia, 4, Threadneedle-street, E.C.
  • Bank of British Columbia, 5, East India Avenue, E.C.
  • Bank of British North America, 124, Bishopsgate Within, E.C.
  • Bank of Egypt, 26, Old Broad-st.
  • Bank of England, Threadneedle-st., E.C., and Burlington Gardens, W.
  • Bank of New South Wales, 64, Old Broad-street, E.C.
  • Bank of New Zealand, 50, Old Broad-street, E.C.
  • Bank of Otago (Limited), 5, Adam’s-court, Old Broad-street, E.C.
  • Bank of Scotland, 11, Old Broad-st.
  • Bank of South Australia, 54, Old Broad-street, E.C.
  • Bank of Victoria, 3, Threadneedle-st.
  • Barclay, Bevan, Tritton, Twells & Co., 54, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Barnetts, Hoares & Co., 60 and 62, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Birkbeck Deposit Bank, Southampton-buildings, W.C.
  • Bosanquet, Salt & Co., 73, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Brooks & Co., 81, Lombard-st., E.C.
  • Brown, Janson & Co., 32, Abchurch-lane, E.C.
  • Central Bank of London (Limited), 52, Cornhill, E.C. ; 31, High-st., Shoreditch ; 110, High-st., White-chapel, E. ; 26, Tooley-st., S.E.
  • Chartered Bank of India, Australia, & China, 49, Threadneedle-st., E.C.
  • Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London, & China, 65, Old Broad-st.
  • Child & Co., 1, Fleet-street, E.C.
  • City Bank, 5, Threadneedle-st. ; 25, Ludgate-hill, E.C. ; 34, Old Bond-street, W. ; and 160, Tottenham Court-road, W.
  • Cocks, Biddulph & Co., 43, Charing-cross, S.W.
  • Colonial Bank, 13, Bishopsgate Within, E.C.
  • Colonial Bank of Australasia, 4, Royal Exchange Buildings, E.C.
  • Commercial Bank of Sydney, 39, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Consolidated (late Heywood’s, Hankey’s, and Manchester), 52, Threadneedle-st., E.C. ; and 450, West Strand, W.C.
  • Continental Bank, 79, Lombard-st.
  • Coutts & Co., 57 to 59, Strand.
  • Cunliffe (Roger), Sons & Co., 6, Prince’s-street, E.C.
  • Delhi and London Bank, 76, King William-street, E.C.
  • Dimsdale, Fowler, & Barnard, 50, Cornhill, E.C.
  • Drummonds, 49, Charing-cr., S.W.
  • East India Bank, 12, Leadenhall-st.
  • English, Scottish, and Australian Chartered Bank, 73, Cornhill, E.C.
  • Glyn, Mills, Currie & Co., 67, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Goslings & Sharpe, 19, Fleet-st., E.C.
  • Herries, Farquhar, Davidson, Chapman & Co., 16, St. James’s-st.
  • Hoares & Co., 37, Fleet-street, E.C.
  • Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, 24, Lombard-street.
  • Imperial, 6, Lothbury, E.C. ; and Victoria-street, S.W.
  • Imperial Ottoman Bank, 4, Bank Buildings, E.C.
  • London Joint Stock, 5, Prince’s-st., E.C. ; 69, Pall Mall, S.W. ; 124, Chancery-lane, W.C. ; St. John-st., E.C. ; and 255, High-street, Borough.
  • London and County 21, Lombard-street, E.C. ; 324, High Holborn, W.C. ; 21, Hanover-square, W. ; 441, Oxford-street, W. ; High-st., - 44 - ↑ {f.44} Kensington, W. ; 3, Victoria-st., Westminster, S.W. ; High-street, Borough, S.E.
  • London and Provincial, 7, Bank-buildings, E.C. ; 163, Edgware-road, W. ; 560, Kingsland-rd., E.
  • London and South Western, 29, Lombard-st., E.C. ; Commercial-road, E. ; 27, Regent-st., S.W. ; and Circus-road, St. John’s-wood.
  • London and Westminster Bank, 41, Lothbury, E.C., Branches ; St. James’s-sq., S.W. ; 213 & 214, High Holborn, W.C. ; 6, High-st., Borough, S.E. ; 4, Stratford-place, W. ; 217, Strand, W.C.
  • London Chartered Bank of Australia, 88, Cannon-street, E.C.
  • London and San Francisco, 22, Old Broad-street, E.C.
  • Martin & Co., 68, Lombard-street.
  • Mercantile Bank of Sydney, 30, Great St. Helen’s, E.C.
  • Metropolitan, 75, Cornhill, E.C.
  • Midland Banking Company, 38, New Broad Street, E.C.
  • National Bank, 13, Old Broad-st., E.C. ; 19, Gloucester-gardens, Bishop’s-road, W. ; High-street, Notting Hill, W. ; 22, Old Cavendish-street, W. ; Charing-cross.
  • National Provincial Bank of England, 112, Bishopsgate Within, E.C. ; 14, Waterloo-place, S.W. ; 28, Baker-street, W. ; and 173, Upper-street, Islington, N.
  • National Bank of India, 80, King William-street, E.C.
  • National Bank of Scotland, 37, Nicholas-lane, E.C.
  • Oriental Bank Corporation, 40, Threadneedle-street, E.C.
  • Praeds & Co., 189, Fleet-street, E.C.
  • Prescott, Grote, Cave, & Co., 62, Threadneedle-street, E.C.
  • Provincial Bank of Ireland, 42, Old Broad-street, E.C.
  • Ransom, Bouverie & Co., 1, Pall Mall East, S.W.
  • Robarts, Lubbock & Co., 15, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Scott (Sir Samuel, Bt.) & Co., 1, Cavendish-square, W.
  • Smith, Payne, & Smiths, 1, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Twining (Richard) & Co., 215, Strand, W.C.
  • Union Bank of Australia, 1, Bank Buildings, E.C.
  • Union Bank of London, 2, Prince’s-street, E.C. ; 4, Pall Mall East, S.W. ; Argyll-pl., W. ; Chancery-lane, W.C. ; Holborn Circus, E.C.
  • West London Commercial Bank, 34, Sloane-square, S.W.
  • Williams, Deacon, Labouchere, Thornton, & Co., 20, Birchinlane, Cornhill, E.C.
  • Willis, Percival, & Co., 76, Lombard-street, E.C.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, directory, London, finances, colonialism, empire, Europe, Scotland, commerce and trade, international, India

    ECLIPSES IN 1875.

    April 6, eclipse of the Sun, invisible from Europe. The time of its commencement on the Earth is about 3 h. 58 m. a.m., Greenwich time, near the most southern part of Africa, in the Indian Ocean, and near Natal. The central line will pass across the Indian Ocean, south from Madagascar, north of Sumatra, near to Formosa, to a point the longitude of which is 134½° E. of Greenwich, and its latitude 23½° N. nearly. — September 29, annular eclipse of the Sun, visible, as a partial eclipse, from Greenland, Iceland, England, Spain, and the greater part of Africa. Its commencement on the Earth generally will be at 10 h. 1 m. a.m., in 60° 56′ W. long., 38° 10′ N. lat., in the North Atlantic Ocean, at a point south of Nova Scotia, and east of Philadelphia. The central eclipse begins at 11 h. 7 m. a.m., and ends at 3 h. 54 m. p.m. At London the eclipse will be partially visible from 11 h. 25 m. a.m. to 47 m. after noon.

    Keyword Tags : prose, astronomy, meteorology and climate, maritime, international, Africa, Europe, Americas

    ↑ - 45 - {f.45} PRINCIPAL INSURANCE OFFICES IN LONDON.

    life and fire insurance.

  • Alliance, 1, Bartholomew-la., E.C.
  • Atlas, 92, Cheapside, E.C.
  • Caledonian, 39, Lothbury, E.C.
  • Church of England, 9, King-st., E.C.
  • Commercial Union, 19, Cornhill
  • Emperor, 52, Cannon-street West
  • General, 62, King William-st., E.C.
  • Great Britain, 101, Cheapside, E.C.
  • Guardian, 11, Lombard-st., E.C.
  • Hand-in-Hand, 1, New Bridge-st.
  • Imperial, 1, Old Broad-st., E.C. ; 16, Pall Mall, S.W.
  • Law Property & Life, 30, Essex-st.
  • Law Union, 126, Chancery-lane
  • Liverpool, London, and Globe, 7, Cornhill, and Charing-cross
  • London Assurance, 7, Roy. Exch.
  • London and Lancashire, 1 Leadenhall-st., E.C.
  • London and Southwark, 73, King William-st., E.C.
  • Midland Counties, 6, Old Jewry, E.C.
  • North British and Mercantile, 61, Threadneedle-st., E.C. ; 8, Waterloo-place, S.W.
  • Northern, 1, Moorgate-st., E.C.
  • Norwich Union, 50, Fleet-st., E.C.
  • Provincial, 49, Moorgate-st., E.C.
  • Queen, Queen Insurance Buildings, 60, Gracechurch-st., E.C.
  • Royal, Lombard-st., E.C.
  • Royal Exchange, Royal Exchange, West Front, E.C. ; 29, Pall Mall
  • Royal Farmers’, 3, Norfolk-st., W.C.
  • Scot. Commercial, 8, Moorgate-st.
  • Scot. Imperial, 2, King William-st.
  • Scot. National, 3, King William-st.
  • Scot. Provincial, 92, Cannon-st.
  • Scottish Union, 37, Cornhill, E.C.
  • Sun, 63, Threadneedle-st., E.C.
  • Union, 81, Cornhill ; Baker-st.
  • Westminster, 27, King-st., W.C.
  • Yorkshire, 12, King’s-rd., W.C.

    • life insurance.

  • Albion, 120, Chancery-lane, W.C.
  • British Empire Mutual, 33, New Bridge-st., E.C.
  • British Equitable, 4, Queen-st.-place, E.C.
  • British Imperial, King Wm.-st.
  • British Mutual, New Bridge-street
  • Briton, 429, Strand, W.C.
  • City of Glasgow, King William-st.
  • Clergy Mutual, 2, Broad Sanctuary
  • Clerical, Medical, and General, 13, St. James’s-sq., S.W.
  • Crown, 188, Fleet-st., E.C.
  • Eagle, 79, Pall Mall, S.W.
  • Economic, New Bridge-st., E.-C.
  • Edinburgh, 11, King William-st.
  • English and Scottish Law, 12, Waterloo-place, S.W.
  • Equitable, Poultry, E.C.
  • Equity and Law, 18, Lincoln’s-inn-fields
  • Law, 187, Fleet-st., E.C.
  • Legal and General, 10, Fleet-st.
  • Life Association of Scotland, 4, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • London Life Association, 81, King William-street, E.C.
  • Marine and General, 14, Leadenhall-street, E.C.
  • Metropolitan, 3, Princes-st., E.C.
  • Mutual, 39, King-st., Cheapside
  • National, 2, King William-st., E.C.
  • National Guardian, 484, Oxford-st.
  • National Industrial, 29, New Bridge-street, E.C.
  • National Provident, 48, Gracechurch-street, E.C.
  • Pelican, 70, Lombard-street, E.C.
  • Protector, 34, King-street, E.C.
  • Provident, 50, Regent-street, W.
  • Provident Clerks, 15, Moorgate-st.
  • Prudential, 62, Ludgate-hill
  • Reliance, 71, King William-street
  • Rock, 15, New Bridge-street, E.C.
  • Sceptre, 13, Finsbury-place south
  • Scottish Amicable, 1, Threadneedle-street, E.C.
  • Scottish Equitable, 30, Gracechurch-street, E.C.
  • Scot. Provident, 18, King Wm.-st.
  • Scottish Widows’, 28, Cornhill
  • Sovereign, 48, St. James’s-st., S.W.
  • Standard, 82, King William-street
  • - 46 - ↑ {f.46} Star, 48, Moorgate-street, E.C.
  • United Kingdom Temperance Provident, 1, Adelaide-place, E.C.
  • Universal, 1, King William-street
  • University, 25, Pall Mall, S.W.
  • Whittington, 37, Moorgate-street

    • fire insurance.

  • County, 50, Regent-st., W. ; 14, Cornhill, W.C.
  • Law, 114, Chancery-lane, W.C.
  • Manchester, 96, Cheapside, E.C.
  • Norwich Equitable, 23, Rood-lane ; and Fleet-st., E.C.
  • Phœnix, Lombard-st., E.C. ; Charing-cross, S.W.
  • Scottish, 117, Cannon-st., E.C.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, directory, finances, London

    Population of the United Kingdom,[Comment by SL] : The population section was introduced in the 1844 Punch’s Pocket Book but was removed one year later. It was then reintroduced in later volumes. It is worth noting that the data presented in this table reflects the continuing decline of the Irish population in the wake of the Great Irish Famine (also known in Ireland as 'An Gorta Mór'). Between 1845 and 1852, the long-standing negligence of British government policy in Ireland resulted in national catastrophe when Irish potato crops began to fail due to an infection known as blight. Described by Kevin Whelan as ‘the single most important event in Ireland in the modern period’ (137), the Famine resulted in the death of over one million people and the emigration of over two million. For further information, see Kevin Whelan, ‘The Cultural Effects of the Famine,’ in The Cambridge Companion to Modern Irish Culture, eds. Joe Cleary and Claire Connolly (Cambridge University Press, 2005), 137–54. Estimated at the Middle of
    Each Year     : —

    Years.England and Wales.Scotland.Ireland.Total.
    185919,686,7013,041,8125,861,71128,590,224
    186922,164,8473,304,7475,443,91930,913,513
    187122,760,3593,335,4185,412,66031,513,442
    187223,067,8353,399,2265,368,69631,835,757
    187323,356,4143,430,9235,337,26132,124,598
    187423,648,6093,462,9165,300,48532,412,010

    Births, Deaths, and Marriages, 1873. — England and Wales : Births, 831,809 ; Deaths, 494,003 ; Marriages, 205,460. Scotland : Births, 119,738 ; Deaths, 76,857 ; Marriages, 26,730. Ireland : Births, 144,592 ; Deaths, 97,840 ; Marriages, 26,566.

    Pauperism. — England and Wales : — Number of paupers, January 1, 1874 — in-door, 149,558 ; out-door, 679,723 ; amount of poor-rates, for year ending Lady-day, 1873, £12,657,943. Scotland, number of paupers May 14, 1873, 71,537, their dependents, 40,459 ; expended for relief of the poor, and management, for the year ending May 14, 1873, £873,076, Ireland, number of paupers, first week in January, 1874, in-door, 49,193 ; out-door, 29,857 ; amount expended in the relief and management of the poor, for the year ending May 14, 1873, £930,240.

    Grain. — Average Gazette prices, per imperial quarter : — Wheat, 1859, 43s. 9d. ; 1863, 44s. 9d. ; 1868, 63s. 9d. ; 1873, 58s. 8d. Barley, 1859, 33s. 6d. ; 1863, 33s. 11d. ; 1868, 43s. ; 1873, 40s. 5d. Oats, 1859, 23s. 2d. ; 1863, 21s. 2d. ; 1868, 28s. 1d. 1873, 25s. 5d. Range of prices 1859 — 1873 : Wheat, lowest annual average, 1864, 40s. 2d. ; highest, 1867, 64s. 5d. Barley, lowest, 1865, 29s. 9d. ; highest, 1868, 43s. Oats, lowest, 1864, 20s. 1d. ; highest, 1868, 28s. 1d.

    Primary Schools in Great Britain. — 1859, number of schools, 6586, with accommodation for 1,209,041 children, 801,401 average attendance, 880,131 present at inspection : 1873, number of schools, 13,954, with accommodation for 2,963,186 children, 1,783,730 average attendance, 2,124,710 present at inspection.

    Keyword Tags : grid or table format, England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Britain, commerce and trade, poverty, family, children, education

    ↑ - 48 - {f.48} PRINCIPAL IMPORTS INTO THE UNITED KINGDOM.

    Quantities, 1859, 1868, 1873 ; Declared Value, 1873.
    Articles.185918681873Value, 1873.
    £
    Oxen, Cows, &c. No.     85,677    136,688    200,802 3,354,043
    Sheep and Lambs No.    250,580    341,155    851,116 1,822,531
    Bacon & Hams cwt.    107,251    638,127  2,987,229 6,245,230
    Beef cwt.    219,589    245,120    260,554   519,815
    Butter cwt.    425,663  1,097,539  1,279,566 6,955,264
    Coffee lb. 65,353,030173,902,477183,402,583 7,230,351
    Tea lb. 75,077,451154,845,863163,765,26911,372,595
    Sugar cwt.  9,910,396 13,372,470 17,037,63321,159,063
    Eggs No.148,631,000383,969,040660,474,000 2,359,022
    Corn (with rice) cwt. 41,109,322 71,717,417100,941,66554,983,245
    Potatoes cwt.    588,910  2,041,436  7,506,615 2,120,154
    Spirits proof gal. 12,570,747 12,893,435 15,097,227 3,410,853
    Wine gal.  8,195,513 16,953,429 21,682,356 8,267,326
    Tobacco lb. 50,671,265 52,067,985 85,216,932 3,902,337
    Raw Cotton cwt. 10,946,331 11,863,943 13,639,25254,704,847
    Raw Silk lb.  9,920,891  7,036,177  6,445,213 6,758,138
    Wool lb.133,284,634252,744,155318,036,77919,541,678
    Leather Gloves pair  4,590,261 10,714,188 11,630,544 1,296,782
    Petroleum gal.    157,696  3,720,476 16,435,800   979,005
    Keyword Tags : commerce and trade, international, list, grid or table format, finances, tobacco and smoking, alcohol, food and drink, agriculture

    ↑ - 49 - {f.49} PUBLIC OFFICES, WITH HOURS OF ATTENDANCE.

  • Accountant-General’s Office, Chancery-lane, W.C., 9 to 3, and 4 to 6 ; for payments, 11 to 3
  • Adjutant-General’s Office, Pall Mall
  • Admiralty Civil Department, Somerset House, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Admiralty Naval Department, Whitehall, S.W., 10 to 5
  • Arches’ Court Registry, 3, Godliman-street, E.C., 10 to 4
  • Attorney-General’s Office, Mitrecourt, Temple, E.C., 10 to 5
  • Attorney and Solicitors’ Certificate Office, Somerset House, 10 to 3
  • Bankruptcy Court, Basinghall-street
  • Board of Trade, Whitehall-gardens
  • Burial Acts, Office of, 8, Richmond-terrace, S.W.
  • Chancery Registry Office, 25, Southampton-buildings, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Charity Commission, 8, York-street, St. James’s-square, S.W.
  • Church Estates Commission, &c., 10, Whitehall-place, S.W., 10 to 5
  • City Commissioners of Sewers, Guildhall, E.C., 10 to 5
  • City Police Commissioners’ Office, 26, Old Jewry, E.C., 9 to 5
  • City Solicitor’s Office, Guildhall-yd.
  • Civil Service Commissioners’ Office, Cannon-row, Westminster, S.W.
  • Coal Exchange, 96, Lower Thames-street, E.C., 12 to 2
  • Colonial Office, 14, Downing-street
  • Colonial, Land, and Emigration Office, 8, Park-street, S.W., 11 to 5
  • Commander-in-Chief’s Office, Pall-Mall, S.W., 11 to 5
  • Conservators of the River Thames, 41, Trinity-sq., Tower-hill, 10 to 4
  • Copyhold, Inclosure, and Tithe Commissioners, Office, 3, St. James’s-square, S.W.
  • Corn Exchange, Mark-lane, 11 to 3
  • Crown Office, 2, Queen’s Bench Walk, Temple, E.C.
  • Custom-house, Lower Thames-street
  • Dean and Chapter of Westminster’s Office, 2, Broad Sanctuary, 10 to 2
  • Designs Office (registry), Whitehall
  • Duchy of Cornwall Office, Buckingham Gate, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Duchy of Lancaster Office, Lancaster-place, Strand, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Education Board, (Privy Council) Whitehall, S.W., 11 to 5
  • Exchequer and Audit Office, Somerset House, 10 to 4
  • Exchequer Bill Office, Whitehall
  • Exchequer, Office of the Chancellor of the, Downing-street, S.W.
  • Exchequer Office of Pleas, 7, Stone-buildings, W.C.
  • Factory Inspectors’ Office, Home Office, 10, Whitehall, S.W., 11 to 4
  • Fishery Commissioners for England, 8, Parliament-street, S.W.
  • Foreign Office, Downing-street
  • Guildhall Justice Room, E.C., 12 to 4
  • Harbour Master’s Office, 41, Trinity-square, E., 10 to 4
  • Heralds’ College, Bennet’s-hill, Doctors’ Commons, E.C., 10 to 4
  • Home Office, Whitehall, S.W.
  • Inclosure Commission Office, 3, St. James’s-square, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Incorporated Law Society, 106 to 109, Chancery-lane, W.C., 9 to 6
  • India Office, St. James’s Park
  • Inland Revenue Office, Somerset House, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Inrolment Office, 2, Chancery-lane, W.C., 10 to 4 ; vacation, 11 to 1
  • Irish Office, 18, Great Queen-street, S.W., 11 to 5
  • Joint-Stock Companies’ Registration Office, 13, Serjeants’-inn, Fleet-street, E.C., 10 to 5
  • Judges’ Chambers, Rolls-gardens, Chancery-lane, W.C., 11 to 5 in term, and 11 to 3 in vacation, in long vacation, 11 to 2 only
  • Land Registry Office, 34, Lincoln’s-inn-fields, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Local Government Board, Whitehall
  • Lord-Advocate’s (of Scotland) Office, 1, New-st., Spring-gardens, S.W.
  • Lord Great Chamberlain’s Office, Royal Court, Palace of Westminster, S.W.
  • - 50 - {f.50} Lord Mayor’s Court, Office, Guildhall, 10 to 4
  • Lunatics’ Register Office, Quality-court, Chancery-lane, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Meteorological Office, 116, Victoria-street, S.W.
  • Metropolitan Board of Works, Spring-gardens, S.W., 9 to 4
  • Metropolitan Police Office, 4, Whitehall-place, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Mint, Little Tower-hill, E.C., 10 to 4, Saturday 10 to 2
  • Money-Order Office (Central), 1, Aldersgate-street, E.C., 10 to 4
  • Museum of Practical Geology, Jermyn-street, W.
  • National Debt and Government Annuity Office, 19, Old Jewry, E.C.
  • National Gallery, Trafalgar-square
  • National Portrait Gallery, South Kensington Museum, S.W.
  • Navy Office, Somerset House, 10 to 4
  • Ordnance Office, Pall Mall, S.W. and Tower, E.C., 10 to 4
  • Patent Office, 25, Southampton-buildings, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Paymaster-General’s Office, Pall Mall, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Police Offices, 10 to 5
  • Privy Council Office, Whitehall
  • Privy Seal Office, 1, New-street, Spring-gardens, S.W., 10 to 3
  • Probate Office, Somerset House, W.C., term, 10 to 4 ; vacation, 9 to 3
  • Public Record Office — Rolls House, Chancery-lane, W.C., and Fetterlane, E.C., 10 to 4
  • Public Works Loan Office, 3, Bank Buildings, E.C., 10 to 3
  • Quarter-Master-General’s Office, Pall Mall, S.W., 11 to 5
  • Queen Anne’s Bounty Office, Dean’s-yard, S.W.
  • Register Office of Deeds in Middle-sex, 12, Gt. James-street, W.C., 10 to 3 ; Registrar attends 11 to 2
  • Register and Record Office of Shipping and Seamen, 6, Adelaide-place, London Bridge, E.C., 10 to 4
  • Registrar-General’s Office, 1, Somerset-place, W.C., 10 to 4
  • Registrar of Common Lodging Houses, 2, Palace-place, Great Scotland-yard, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Registry, Court of Probate, Somerset House, W.C.
  • Registry of Judgments, Serjeants’-Inn, Chancery-lane, W.C., 11 to 5, in term ; 11 to 3, vacation
  • Registry of County Court Judgments, 2, New-street, S.W.
  • Royal Academy of Arts, Burlington House, Piccadilly, W.
  • Royal National Life-Boat Institution, 14, John-st., Adelphi, W.C.
  • Royal School of Mines, Jermyn-st.
  • Salmon-Fishery Inspectors, 4, Old-palace-yard, S.W.
  • School Board for London, Victoria Embankment, W.C.
  • Science and Art Department, South Kensington Museum, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Solicitor-General’s Office, 1, Brickcourt, Temple, W.C., 10 to 5
  • Stage Coach and Hackney Carriage Duty Office, Somerset House W.C., 10 to 4
  • Stamp and Legacy Duty Office, Somerset House, W.C., 10 to 4
  • State Paper Office, Fetter Lane
  • Stationery Office, Princes-street, Storey’s-gate, S.W., 10 to 4½
  • Taxing Masters’ Office, Staple-inn, W.C., 10 to 4, vacation, 11 to 1
  • Tax Office, Somerset House, W.C., 10 to 4 ; Saturday, 10 to 2
  • Tithe Commissioners’ Office, 3, St. James’s-square, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Treasury Offices, Whitehall, S.W.
  • Trinity House, Trinity Square, E.C.
  • War Department (Secretary of), Pall Mall, S.W., 11 to 5.
  • Weights and Measures Offices, 6, Old Palace-yard, S.W. 10 to 4 ; for the City, Guildhall, E.C.
  • Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues Office, Whitehall-pl., S.W., 10 to 4
  • Works, and Public Buildings Office, 12, Whitehall-place, S.W., 10 to 4
  • Writs Office (Q.B.), Queen’s Bench Office, King’s-bench-wk., Temple, E.C., 10 to 4, vacation, 11 to 3 long vacation, 11 to 1
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, directory, London, law and order, military, work, government

    ↑ - [51] - {f.51} ARMY AGENTS IN LONDON.

  • Barron & Smith, 30, Duke-street, Westminster, S.W.
  • Clack, Henry Tucker, 50, Leicester-square, W.C.
  • Codd, E.S., 35, Craven-street.
  • Cox & Co., 2, Craig’s-ct., Charing-cross, S.W.
  • Downes & Son, 26, King William-street, Charing-cross, S.W.
  • Grindlay & Co., 55, Parliament-st.
  • Holt, V.W., 17, Whitehall-pl., S.W.
  • Hopkinson & Co., 3, Regent-st., S.W.
  • Kirkland, Sir John, 17, Whitehall-place, S.W. (General Agent for the Recruiting Department)
  • Lawrie, A., 10, Charles-st., S.W.
  • M‘Grigor (Sir C.R.) & Co., 17, Charles-st., St. James’s-sq., S.W.
  • Price & Boustead, 34, Craven-street.
  • Ridgway (A.F.) & Sons, 2, Waterloo-place, S.W.
  • Thacker & Co., 87, Newgate-st. E.C.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, military, directory

    ↑ - 52 - {f.52} MUTINY ACT, 1874.[Comment by BQ] : This summary includes the first full paragraph of the 1874 Mutiny Act, followed by short précis for almost all of the law's many sections. As with the other Mutiny Acts passed in the 1870s, this Act was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act of 1883.

    As it is the province of Parliament in this country to furnish to the Government for the time being the money by which the military and naval defences are to be maintained, and to say what number of soldiers and sailors shall be employed, it is necessary that the Mutiny Act should be presented to Parliament and passed by it year by year. The Act 37 Victoria, Chapter 4, bearing the title, “An Act for punishing Mutiny and Desertion, and for the better payment of the Army and their Quarters,” was passed April 24, 1874, and consists of 107 sections. The leading principles of the measure are embodied in the preamble, as follows : — “Whereas the raising or keeping a standing army within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in time of peace, unless it be with the consent of Parliament, is against law : And whereas it is adjudged necessary by Her Majesty and this present Parliament that a body of forces should be continued for the safety of the United Kingdom, and the defence of the possessions of Her Majesty’s Crown, and that the whole number of such forces should consist of one hundred and twenty-eight thousand nine hundred and ninety-four men, including those to be employed at the depôts in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for the training of recruits for service at home and abroad, but exclusive of the numbers actually serving within Her Majesty’s Indian possessions : And whereas no man can be forejudged of life or limb, or subjected in time of peace to any kind of punishment within this realm by martial law, or in any other manner than by judgment of his peers, and according to the known and established laws of this realm ; yet nevertheless it being requisite, for the retaining all the before-mentioned forces in their duty, that an exact discipline be observed, and that soldiers who shall mutiny or stir up sedition, or shall desert Her Majesty’s service, or be guilty of crimes and offences to the prejudice of good order and military discipline, be brought to a more exemplary and speedy punishment than the usual forms of the law will allow : Be it therefore enacted,” &c. By section 1, “it shall be lawful for Her Majesty to make Articles of War for the better government of Her Majesty’s army, which articles shall be judicially taken notice of by all judges and in all courts whatsoever.” Copies are to be transmitted by the Queen’s printers to judges at Westminster, Dublin, and Edinburgh, and to governors of Her Majesty’s dominions abroad. This Act is not applicable to Indian native officers and soldiers, for whom Articles of War are framed by the Government of India. S. 5. Militia, yeomanry, volunteer corps, and reserve forces, are exempted, except in case of any special enactment. S. 6. Her Majesty may constitute courts-martial : no officer authorised to form and conduct a court-martial to be below the degree of a field officer ; in detached situations beyond seas a captain may act ; the officer convening a court-martial may confirm its decisions. S. 8. General courts-martial in the British Isles to consist of not less than nine commissioned officers, each of whom shall have held a commission for three years previously to the sitting of the court. Every general court-martial has power to sentence any officer or soldier to imprisonment, to penal servitude, or to death ; two-thirds must concur in a sentence of death ; penal servitude is not to be for less than five years ; imprisonment - 53 - {f.53} not to be for more than two years. S. 9. A district or garrison court-martial is to consist of not less than seven commissioned officers : but may not try a commissioned officer or sentence to death or penal servitude. S. 10. A regimental or detachment court-martial has power to sentence a soldier to corporal punishment or to imprisonment, and to forfeiture of pay. S. 12. An officer commanding troops beyond seas may convene a detachment general court-martial (not less than three officers) to try offences by any soldier against the property or persons of any inhabitant in the country : the sentence not to be executed till the general commanding the army has approved and confirmed it. S. 13. Witnesses to be examined on oath, and protected in attending the court. S. 14. No second trial for the same offence ; one revision may be allowed, but no new evidence taken. S. 15. The crimes subject to the punishment of death, penal servitude, or other sentence which a court-martial may pronounce, include the following : — Mutiny or sedition, or exciting to such, or not using utmost efforts to suppress such ; conspiring to cause a mutiny ; not giving information of any intended meeting (if known to the person charged) to the commanding officer ; holding correspondence or treating, without authority, with rebels or enemies ; misbehaving before the enemy ; deserting Her Majesty’s service ; leaving his post before being regularly relieved ; sleeping on his post ; striking or using violence to a superior officer in the execution of his office ; disobeying lawful commands of a superior officer. A non-commissioned officer, or soldier, in a regiment, enlisting in another regiment, without having received a regular discharge from the first, shall be deemed to have deserted. S. 16. The sentence of death pronounced by a general court-martial, or detachment court-martial, may be commuted by Her Majesty, or, beyond seas, by the commanding officer, to penal servitude or other punishment. S. 17. Embezzlement of stores may be punished by penal servitude, or by fine, imprisonment, &c. S. 20. Penal servitude may be commuted for imprisonment. S. 22. No court-martial shall sentence any soldier to corporal punishment in time of peace ; but any court-martial may sentence any soldier to corporal punishment while on active service in the field, or on board any ship not in commission, for mutiny, insubordination, desertion, drunkenness on duty or on the line of march, disgraceful conduct, or any breach of the Articles of War : no sentence of corporal punishment to exceed 50 lashes. S. 23. Imprisonment may be added to corporal punishment. S. 24. Corporal punishment may be commuted. S. 25. A sentence of cashiering may be altered by Her Majesty to reprimand or degrading from the rank held by the offender. Ss. 26, 27. Solitary confinement and hard labour may be inflicted. Ss. 28 — 33 refer to military prisons, their management, and the treatment of military offenders. S. 34 directs the manner in which deserters are to be dealt with. S. 40. Soldiers are liable to be taken out of Her Majesty’s service for felony, misdemeanourmisdemeanor, or for debts amounting to £ 30 and upwards. S. 42. A recruit, on answering certain questions, and receiving enlisting money, is to be served with a notice in the form ordered by the Secretary for War. S. 43. After receiving enlisting money, he is entitled to be billeted while he remains with the recruiting party. S. 45. When taken before a justice for the purpose of being attested as a soldier, the recruit may dissent from or object to his enlistment, and if the justice be satisfied - 54 - {f.54} that the enlistment was effected in any respect irregularly, e shall forthwith discharge the recruit absolutely, and report the same to the officer commanding the regiment : if no irregularity is shown, yet the recruit so dissenting may be discharged, on repaying (within twenty-four hours of the time of appearing before the magistrate, and entering his dissent or objection) the enlisting money, and any sum received by him in respect of pay or allowances, and 20s. as smart money. S. 55. Soldiers whose term of army service is expiring, may be re-engaged for a further term, so as to complete a total period of 21 years from first enlistment : after 21 years’ service a soldier may continue to serve, with approval of the competent authorities. A soldier who has served, and been discharged, may be re-engaged. S. 63 embodies the regulations for billeting troops generally. S. 64 refers to the billeting of the guards in and near Westminster. S. 65. Military officers are not to act as justices in billeting. S. 66 specifies that innholders are to furnish a hot dinner to soldiers on march, for which 10d. is to be paid ; 2½d. is to be paid for a bed. When the soldier is not on march in Great Britain, he is to be furnished with a bed and with candles, vinegar, and salt, and to be allowed the use of fire, and necessary utensils for dressing and eating his meat, for which the innkeeper is to be paid 4d. per diem. Penalties are incurred (s. 77) by army agents in default, or disobeying orders ; (s. 78) by persons trafficking in commissions ; (s. 79) by persons procuring false musters, or being falsely mustered ; (s. 80) by persons unlawfully recruiting ; (s. 81) by persons inducing soldiers to desert ; (s. 82) by officers or soldiers making forcible entry in pursuit of deserters without warrant ; (s. 83) by persons aiding prisoners to escape, or breaking prison regulations ; (s. 84) by keepers of prisons for refusing to confine, or discharge, or deliver over, military offenders ; (s. 85) by persons purchasing soldiers’ necessaries, stores, medals, clothes, &c. ; and for other specified offences. S. 107 defines and limits the liability of a soldier to maintain his wife and children, and directs the manner in which this liability shall be enforced.

    Keyword Tags : prose, military, law and order, colonialism, Britain

    [Wrecks]

    Wrecks. — In the first six months of 1873 there were 967 wrecks, casualties, and collisions on the coasts of the United Kingdom. There was a total loss in 256 of these cases ; and in 98 cases there was loss of human life. Collisions occurred in 233 instances. The number of lives lost was as follows : — In fishing smacks, 17 ; in vessels of the collier class, 233 ; in other ships, 478 : total, 728. Of these, 81 were lost in vessels that foundered ; 346 in consequence of collisions (including that of the Northfleet) ; and 122 in vessels stranded or cast ashore. The remaining 179 lives were lost from various causes, such as — being washed overboard in heavy seas ; explosions ; and in missing vessels. There were 263 life-boats in use, of which 233 belonged to the National Life-Boat Institution : there are also 286 sets of rocket and mortar apparatus provided by the Board of Trade. All the coastguard stations are provided with life-belts and life-lines, and there are between 100 and 200 life-brigades on the coast who are trained to work the rocket apparatus. By these various means the number of lives rescued from wrecks during the first six months of 1873 was 2,301.

    Keyword Tags : prose, maritime, death, meteorology and climate

    ↑ - 55 - {f.55} NAVY AND PRIZE AGENTS IN LONDON.

  • Banton & Mackrell, 33, Abchurch-lane, E.C.
  • Burnett & Co. 17, Surrey-st., W.C.
  • Case & Loudonsack, 1, James-street, Adelphi, W.C.
  • Chard, W. & E., 3, Clifford’s Inn, E.C.
  • Stillwell & Co., 22, Arundel-st., W.C.
  • Tory, Hildreth, & Ommanney, 41 Norfolk-street, Strand, W.C.
  • Vernon, H.C., 6, New Inn, W.C.
  • Hallett & Co., 7, St. Martin’s-place, S.W.
  • O’Byrne, Brothers, 56, Pall Mall.
  • Ommanney, Octavius, 41, Norfolk-street, W.C.
  • Woodhead & Co., 44, Charing-cross, W.C.

    • For Petty Officers and Seamen — There are also Agents, who are licensed for three years — for whose addresses see the Navy List.

    Royal Marines. — E.T. Draper, 12, Buckingham-street, W.C.

    Keyword Tags : list, columns, maritime, military, directory

    MARINE MUTINY ACT.

    The Marine Mutiny Act, 37 Vict. c. 5 (24th July, 1874), is in substance the same as the Mutiny Act for the Army (see page 52), with the necessary alterations to suit the peculiarities of sea service.[Comment by BQ] : Unlike the earlier section summaries of the Mutiny Act for the Army, this entry reprints the entirety of the sections pertaining to courtmartial and other sea-specific punishments (sections 27 to 32) of the 1874 Marine Mutiny Act. A few sections are subjoined, having reference to the powers of courts-martial : —

    “S. 27. No court-martial shall, for any offence whatever committed in time of peace within the Queen’s dominions, have power to sentence any marine to corporal punishment : Provided that any court-martial may sentence any marine to corporal punishment while on active service in the field, or on board any ship not in commission, for mutiny, insubordination, desertion, drunkenness on duty or on the line of march ; and no sentence of corporal punishment shall exceed fifty lashes. S. 28. It shall be lawful for any general, district, or garrison court-martial to award imprisonment, with or without hard labour, and with or without solitary confinement, such confinement not exceeding the periods prescribed hereinafter or by the Articles of War, and in case of a marine in addition to corporal punishment. S. 29. In all cases in which corporal punishment shall form the whole or part of the sentence awarded by any court-martial, it shall be lawful for the Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or the Commissioners for executing the office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or for the officer authorised to confirm the sentences of courts-martial, to commute such corporal punishment to imprisonment for any period not exceeding forty-two days, with or without hard labour, and with or without solitary confinement, or to mitigate such sentence, or instead of such sentence to award imprisonment for any period not exceeding twenty days, with or without hard labour, and with or without solitary confinement, and corporal punishment, to be inflicted in the prison, not exceeding twenty-five lashes, and the solitary confinement herein before mentioned shall in no case exceed seven days at a time, with intervals of not less than seven days between each period of such confinement. S. 30. It shall be lawful for Her Majesty, in all - 56 - {f.56} cases whatsoever, instead of causing a sentence of cashiering to be put in execution, to order the offender to be reprimanded, or, in addition thereto, to suffer such loss of army or regimental rank, or both, as may be deemed expedient. S. 31. Any general court-martial may, in addition to any other punishment which such court may award, sentence any offender to forfeiture of all advantages as to additional pay, good-conduct pay, and to pension on discharge, which might have otherwise accrued from the length of his former service, or to forfeiture of such advantage absolutely, whether it might have accrued from past service, or might accrue from future service, or to forfeiture of any annuity and medal which may have been granted for former meritorious service, or of the gratuity and medal awarded for former good conduct, and of all medals and decorations, according to the nature of the case ; and any district or garrison court-martial may also, in addition to any punishment which such court may award, sentence any offender to such forfeiture for desertion, or for disgraceful conduct, in wilfully maiming or injuring himself or any other marine, whether at the instance of such other marine or not, or of causing himself to be maimed or injured by any other person, with intent thereby to render himself or such other marine unfit for service : in wilfully doing any act, or wilfully disobeying any orders, whether in hospital or otherwise, thereby producing or aggravating disease or infirmity, or delaying its cure : in malingering or feigning disease : in tampering with his eyes, with intent thereby to render himself unfit for service : in stealing or embezzling Government property or stores, or in receiving the same, knowing the same to have been stolen : in stealing any money or goods the property of a comrade, of a marine officer, or of any marine mess or band, or in receiving any such money or goods knowing the same to have been stolen : in making any false or fraudulent accounts, returns, matters, or entries, or assisting or conniving at the same being made, or producing the same as true, knowing the same to be false or fraudulent : in stealing or embezzling or fraudulently misapplying public money intrusted to him : or in committing any other offence of a felonious or fraudulent nature, to the injury of, or with intent to injure, any person, civil, marine, or military : or for any other disgraceful conduct, being of a cruel, indecent, or unnatural kind. S. 32. Every marine who shall be found guilty by a court-martial of desertion, of wilfully maiming or injuring himself or any other marine, whether at the instance of such other marine or not, or of causing himself to be maimed or injured by any other person, with intent thereby to render himself or such other marine unfit for service, of tampering with his eyes with intent thereby to render himself unfit for service, such finding having been confirmed, or found guilty by a jury of felony in any court of ordinary criminal jurisdiction in England or Ireland, or of any crime or offence in any court of criminal judicature in any part of the United Kingdom, or in any dominion, territory, colony, settlement, or island belonging to or occupied by Her Majesty out of the United Kingdom, which would, if committed in England, amount to felony, shall thereupon forfeit all advantage as to additional pay, good-conduct pay, and to pension on discharge which might have otherwise accrued from the length of his former service, in addition to any punishment which such court may award.”

    - 57 - {f.57} The Schedule to the Act contains the form of oaths to be taken by Members of Courts-Martial, and also the following forms : —

    Form of Oath of Judge Advocate.

    “I        do swear that I will not, upon any account whatsoever, disclose or discover the vote or opinion of any particular member of the court-martial, unless required to give evidence thereof as a witness by a court of justice or a court-martial in a due course of law ; and that I will not, unless it be necessary for the due discharge of my official duties, disclose the sentence of the court until it shall be duly approved. So help me God.”

    Oath to be taken by a Recruit on Attestation.

    “I do make oath that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty, her heirs and successors ; and that I will, as in duty bound, honestly and faithfully defend Her Majesty, her heirs and successors, in person, crown, and dignity, against all enemies, and will observe and obey all orders of Her Majesty, her heirs and successors, and of the generals and officers set over me. So help me God.”

    Shipping. — Sailing and Steam vessels entered, with cargoes and in ballast, at ports in the United Kingdom. From foreign countries. 1859 — 4,636,810 tons ; 1863 — 4,825,917 tons ; 1868 — 5,396,758 tons ; 1873 — 7,323,929 tons. From British possessions. 1859 — 6,585,112 tons ; 1863 — 8,430,146 tons ; 1868 — 11,225,917 tons ; 1873 — 14,541,028 tons. Cleared. To foreign countries. 1859 — 4,955,606 tons ; 1863 — 4,893,424 tons ; 1868 — 5,623,797 tons ; 1873 — 7,468,713 tons. To British possessions. 1859 — 6,726,731 tons ; 1863 — 8,589,246 tons ; 1868 — 11,434,507 tons ; 1873 — 15,106,316 tons.

    Sailing and Steam vessels entered with cargoes Coastwise at ports in the United Kingdom. British vessels. 1859 — 16,460,563 tons ; 1863 — 17,465,635 tons ; 1868 — 17,591,480 tons ; 1873 — 21,369,167 tons. Foreign vessels. 1859 — 71,554 tons ; 1863 — 81,897 tons ; 1868 — 104,198 tons ; 1873 — 125,130 tons.

    Number and tonnage of Vessels registered as belonging to the United Kingdom, including Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man, at the end of each year.

    Years.Sailing Vessels.Steam Vessels.Total.
    Vessels.Tons.Vessels.Tons.Vessels.Tons.
    185925,7844,226,3551918  436,83627,7024,663,191
    186326,3394,731,2172298  596,85628,6375,328,073
    186825,5004,878,2332944  902,29728,4445,780,530
    187321,6984,091,37938631,713,78325,5615,805,162

    Number of seamen (exclusive of masters) employed in the Home and Foreign Trade. 1859 — 172,506 ; 1863 — 184,727 ; 1868 — 197,502 ; 1873 — 202,239. These numbers do not include persons employed in river steamers.

    Keyword Tags : prose, military, law and order, colonialism, maritime, Britain

    [Shipping]

    Shipping. — Sailing and Steam vessels entered, with cargoes and in ballast, at ports in the United Kingdom. From foreign countries. 1859 — 4,636,810 tons ; 1863 — 4,825,917 tons ; 1868 — 5,396,758 tons ; 1873 — 7,323,929 tons. From British possessions. 1859 — 6,585,112 tons ; 1863 — 8,430,146 tons ; 1868 — 11,225,917 tons ; 1873 — 14,541,028 tons. Cleared. To foreign countries. 1859 — 4,955,606 tons ; 1863 — 4,893,424 tons ; 1868 — 5,623,797 tons ; 1873 — 7,468,713 tons. To British possessions. 1859 — 6,726,731 tons ; 1863 — 8,589,246 tons ; 1868 — 11,434,507 tons ; 1873 — 15,106,316 tons.

    Sailing and Steam vessels entered with cargoes Coastwise at ports in the United Kingdom. British vessels. 1859 — 16,460,563 tons ; 1863 — 17,465,635 tons ; 1868 — 17,591,480 tons ; 1873 — 21,369,167 tons. Foreign vessels. 1859 — 71,554 tons ; 1863 — 81,897 tons ; 1868 — 104,198 tons ; 1873 — 125,130 tons.

    Number and tonnage of Vessels registered as belonging to the United Kingdom, including Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man, at the end of each year.

    Years.Sailing Vessels.Steam Vessels.Total.
    Vessels.Tons.Vessels.Tons.Vessels.Tons.
    185925,7844,226,3551918  436,83627,7024,663,191
    186326,3394,731,2172298  596,85628,6375,328,073
    186825,5004,878,2332944  902,29728,4445,780,530
    187321,6984,091,37938631,713,78325,5615,805,162

    Number of seamen (exclusive of masters) employed in the Home and Foreign Trade. 1859 — 172,506 ; 1863 — 184,727 ; 1868 — 197,502 ; 1873 — 202,239. These numbers do not include persons employed in river steamers.

    Keyword Tags : prose, maritime, commerce and trade, Britain, colonialism, vehicles and transportation, grid or table format, international, work

    ↑ - 58 - {f.58} ENGLISH COURTS OF LAW.

    court of chancery.

  • Lord High Chan., Lord Cairns
  • Prin. Sec., H.J.L. Graham, Esq.
  • Sec. of Presentations, Hon. E.P. Thesiger
  • Sec. Com. Peace, E. Ross, Esq.
  • Registrar in Lunacy, Charles N. Wilde, Esq.
  • Judges of Appeal, Sir W.M. James and Sir G. Mellish
  • Master of the Rolls, Sir Geo. Jessel, Chief Sec., G.T. Jenkins, Esq., Under Sec., J. Romilly, Esq.
  • Vice-Chancellors, Sir Richard Malins, Sir J. Bacon, and Sir Chas. Hall.
  • Accountant-Gen., W. Russell, Esq.

    • courts of law.

  • Queen’s Bench — Lord Chief Justice, Sir A.J.E. Cockburn, Bart. Judges, Sir C. Blackburn, Sir John Mellor, Sir Robert Lush, Sir John R. Quain, and Sir T.D. Archibald
  • Common Pleas — Lord Chief Justice. Lord Coleridge. Judges, Sir H.S. Keating, Sir W.B. Brett, Sir W.R. Grove, Hon. Sir G. Denman, and Sir G.E. Honyman, Bt.
  • Exchequer — Lord Chief Baron, Sir Fitz Roy Kelly. Barons, Sir G.W.W. Bramwell, Sir Gillery Pigott, Sir Anthony Cleasby, Sir Chas. Edw. Pollock, and Sir R.P. Amphlett
  • Judicial Committee of Privy Council Judges appointed under 34 & 35 Vict. c. 91 — Rt. Hons. Sir Montague E. Smith, Sir R.P. Collier, Montague Bernard, D.C.L., and Sir Barnes Peacock
  • Queen’s Remembrancer, William Henry Walton, Esq.

    • law officers.

  • Attorney-General, Sir Richard Baggallay, M.P.
  • Solicitor-General, Sir John Holker, M.P.

    • court of probate and matrimonial causes and divorce.

  • Judge Ordinary, Sir James Hannen. Principal Registrars, Charles J. Middleton, Esq., E. Francis Jenner, Esq., H. Linwood Strong, Esq., and D.H. Owen, Esq.

    • court of arches.

  • Official Principal, Right Hon. Sir R.J. Phillimore, D.C.L. Registrar, John Shephard, Esq.

    • admiralty court.

  • Judge of the Admiralty, Rt. Hon. Sir R.J. Phillimore, D.C.L. Registrar, H.C. Rothery, Esq., M.A. Assist. Reg., H.A. Bathurst, Esq. Marshal, Evan Jones, Esq. Admiralty Adv., J.P. Deane, Esq., D.C.L. Queen’s Proctor, F.H. Dyke, Esq. Admiralty Proctor, H.G. Stokes, Esq.

    • court of bankruptcy.

  • Chief Judge, Vice-Chancellor Bacon
  • Senior Registrar, W. Hazlitt, Esq.
  • Registrars, H.P. Roche, Esq., J.R. Brougham, Esq., W.P. Murray, Esq., P.H. Pepys, Esq., and Hon. W.C. Spring-Rice
  • Registrar of Arrangement Proceedings, C.H. Keene, Esq.
  • Comptroller and Accountant in Bankruptcy, Mansfield Parkyns, Esq.

    • city county court.

  • (Sheriffs’ Court) Guildhall, R.M. Kerr, Esq., LL.D.

    • police office.

  • 4, Whitehall-place and Scotland-yd.
  • Chief Commissioner — Col. E.Y.W. Henderson, C.B.
  • Assist.-Commissioners — Captain W.C. Harris and Lt.-Col. D.W.P. Labalmondiere
  • Chief Clerk — Edmund G. May, Esq.
  • Legal Adviser, J.E. Davis, Esq.
  • Chief Inspector of Common Lodging Houses, R.W. Roberts, Esq.
  • Inspectors, Edward Ware and James Francis Bundey, Esqrs.

    • ↑ - 59 - {f.59} metropolitan police courts.

  • City : Mansion House, Lord Mayor. — Guildhall, an Alderman
  • Bow-street, Sir T. Henry, J. Vaughan, and Fred. Flowers, Esqs. — Westminster, T.J. Arnold and E.H. Woolrych, Esqs. — Marlborough-street, Alex. A. Knox and R.M. Newton, Esqs. — Marylebone, J.S. Mansfield and L.C.T. D’Eyncourt, Esqs. — Clerkenwell, Wm. M. Cooke and T.J. Barstow, Esqs. — Worship-street, H.J. Bush by, and A.L. Hannay, Esqs. — Lambeth, Kennington-lane, C.E. Ellison and G. Chance, Esqrs. — Southwark, W. Partridge and R.A. Benson, Esqs. — Thames Police, John Paget and F. Lushington, Esqs. — Greenwich and Woolwich, D. Maude, J.H. Patteson, and J. Balguy, Esqs. — Wandsworth and Hammersmith, J.T. Ingham and John Bridge, Esqs.
  • N.B. The City Police is under the control of the City authorities, and commanded by Col. J. Fraser.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, law and order, maritime, finances, London

    SCOTTISH COURTS OF LAW.

    court of session.

  • Inner House — First Division.
  • † The Lord President — The Rt. Hn. John Inglis, Lord Glencorse
  • † Sir Geo. Deas, Lord Deas ; † Jas. Craufurd, Lord Ardmillan ; David Mure, Lord Mure

    • Second Division.

  • † The Lord Justice Clerk — Rt. Hon. Lord Moncreiff of Tullibole.
  • † Charles Neaves, Lord Neaves ; Robert Macfarlane, Lord Ormidale, John Marshall, Lord Curriehill
  • Principal Clerks, Archibald Broun, John Mac Ritchie, and Harry Maxwell Inglis, Esqs.
  • Jury Clerk, H.S. Bringloe, Esq.
  • Outer House — Permanent Ordinaries attached equally to both Divisions of the Court. — Donald Mackenzie, Lord Mackenzie ; Adam Gifford, Lord Gifford ; Alex. Burns Shand, Lord Shand ; Right Hon. Geo. Young, Lord Young ; John Millar, Lord Craighill
  • Court of Exchequer — Lord Ordinary, — Lord Ormidale
  • Lord Ordinary on Teinds. — Lord Mure
  • Judge in Summary Petitions, Lord Mackenzie
  • Queen’s Remembrancer — Stair A. Agnew, Esq.
  • ☞ The Judges marked thus † are Lords of the Justiciary, or Chief Criminal Court

    • law officers.

  • Lord Advocate, Rt. Hon. E.S. Gordon, M.P.
  • Solicitor-General, W. Watson, Esq.
  • Advocates-Deputes, Roger Montgomerie, Robert Lee, W.E. Gloag, and James Muirhead, Esqs.
  • Crown Agent, J. Auldjo Jamieson, Esq., W.S.
  • Clerk of Justiciary, Chas. Scott, Esq.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, law and order, Scotland

    IRISH COURTS OF LAW.

    court of chancery.

  • Lord Chancellor (Office in Commission). Sec., T. Upington, Esq.
  • Master of the Rolls, Rt. Hon. E. Sullivan
  • Lord Justice of Appeal, Rt. Hon. Jonathan Christian
  • Vice-Chancellor, Rt. Hon. Hedges Eyre Chatterton
  • Masters in Chancery, Wm. Brooke, and Jer. John Murphy, Esqs.
  • Accountant-Gen., Maziere J. Brady, Esq.
  • - 60 - ↑ {f.60} Clerk of the Crown and Hanaper, Ralph S. Cusack, Esq.
  • Registrars, W.D. Ferguson, W.B. Drury, Esqs.

    • court of queen’s bench.

  • Lord Chief Justice, Rt. Hon. James Whiteside. — Judges, Hon. James O’Brien, Rt. Hon. J.D. Fitzgerald, and Rt. Hon. C.R. Barry
  • Master, Hugh Lane, Esq.
  • Clerk of the Crown, Jas. Nagle, Esq.
  • Clerk of the Rules, T.N. Yeo, Esq.

    • court of common pleas.

  • Lord Chief Justice, Rt. Hon. J.H. Monahan. — Judges, Right Hons. W. Keogh, Michael Morris, and J.A. Lawson
  • Master, Chas. Granby Burke, Esq.
  • Clerk of the Rules, Ar. Greene, Esq.

    • court of exchequer.

  • Lord Ch. Baron, Rt. Hon. C. Palles
  • Barons, Hon. Fras. A. Fitzgerald, Rt. Hon. Richard Dowse, and Rt. Hon. Rickard Deasy
  • Master, D.R. Pigott, Esq.
  • Clerk of the Rules, H. Yeo, Esq.

    • court of probate and for matrimonial causes.

  • Judge, Rt. Hon. R.R. Warren
  • Registrars, Maurice Keatinge, Esq. and Wm. Wiley, LL.D.

    • court of admiralty.

  • Judge, Dr. J.F. Townsend.
  • Queen’s Advocate-Gen., Rt. Hon. J. Thomas Ball, M.P.
  • Queen’s Proctor, J.T. Hamerton, Esq.
  • Registrar, A.H. Barton, Esq.

    • court of bankruptcy and insolvency.

  • Judges, Hons. Stearne Ball Miller and Michael Harrison — Chief Registrar, A. Bate, Esq. — Assistant Registrars, W. Perrin and J.F. Teeling, Esqs. Official Assignees, C.H. James and L.H. Deering, Esqs.

    • court for sale and transfer of landed estates.

  • Judge, Hon. S.W. Flanagan
  • Registrar, Stanislas J. Lynch, Esq.
  • Accountant, Thomson Seed, Esq.
  • Taxing Officer, R.A. Fitzgerald, Esq.

    • commissioners for irish church temporalities.

  • Viscount Monck and Rt. Hon. J.A. Lawson, Justice of Common Pleas

    • law officers.

  • Attorney-Gen., Rt. Hon. J.T. Ball, LL.D.
  • Solicitor-Gen., H. Ormsby, Esq.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, law and order, Ireland, maritime, finances

    Quarter-Sessions.

    By the Act 1 Will. IV. c. 70, it is enacted, that “in the year 1831, and afterwards, the justices of the peace in every county, riding, or division for which Quarter Sessions of the Peace by law ought to be held, shall hold their General Quarter Sessions of the Peace in the first week after the 11th of October, in the first week after the 28th of December, in the first week after the 31st of March, and in the first week after the 24th of June.”

    The Act 4 & 5 Will. IV. cap. 47, allows a discretionary power to the Justices of Peace as to the time of holding the Spring Quarter Sessions, and empowers them to alter the day for holding the Sessions, so as not to be earlier than March 7, nor later than April 22.

    The Middlesex and London Sessions are regulated yearly by the Magistrates in December, and are generally held on the Monday of the week prescribed by the Act for county business, and on the Wednesday following for general business.

    Keyword Tags : prose, law and order, calendar

    ↑ - 61 - {f.61} THE PUBLIC FUNDS.

    The dividends on 3 per Cent. Consols, 5 per Cent Annuities, New 5 per Cent. Annuities, 3½ per Cent. New Annuities, 2½ per Cent. New Annuities, East India Stock, India 5 per Cent Stock, and India 5 per Cent. Annuities, are due on January 5 and July 5 ; on Bank Stock, India 4 per Cent. Stock, 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities, 3 per Cent. New Annuities, Annuities for terms of years, and Annuities for 30 years from April 6, 1855, are due on April 5 and October 5 ; and on India 4 per Cent. Transfer Loan on April 25 and Oct. 25. Interest on East India Bonds is due on March 31 and Sept. 30. The Dividends are payable at the Bank of England four days after they are due, between 11 and half-past 2 o’clock. The Transfer days are Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday. For transfer of Bank or East India Stock the books are shut for at least 10 days before the dividends become due ; in all other Stocks the transfers at those times are made ex-dividend. The tickets for preparing the Transfer of Stock must be given in at each office before one o’clock ; and the Transfer must be made by half-past two o’clock. The business connected with East India Stock is now transacted at the Bank. The expense of transferring Bank Stock is 7s., if not exceeding £ 25 ; above that sum 12s. ; of East India Stock, £ 1 10s. ; transfers in Consols and other Government Stocks are exempt from duty. Private transfers may be made at other times than those above-mentioned on payment of 2s. 6d. extra. Dividend warrants can be sent by post, and the warrants may be cashed at Post-office Money-order offices, or paid to Bankers as cheques.

    Keyword Tags : prose, list, finances, Britain, commerce and trade

    [Principal Articles ; Crops and Live Stock]

    [Principal Articles]

    Principal Articles (paying import duty in 1873) retained for consumption in the United Kingdom : — Coffee, 31,791,332 lb. ; Tea, 131,881,476 lb. ; Sugar, 15,351,918 cwt. ; Spirits, 10,259,798 gallons ; Wine, 17,905,129 gallons ; Tobacco, 45,351,216 lb.

    Keyword Tags : international, food and drink, alcohol, tobacco and smoking, commerce and trade, Britain, agriculture, Ireland, horses, animals, list, cattle

    [Crops and Live Stock]

    Crops and Live Stock, 1873. — Great Britain : Corn Crops, 3,490,380 acres ; Green Crops, 3,576,486 acres ; other Crops, grass, &c., 4,366,818 acres ; permanent pasture (exclusive of heath or mountain land), 12,915,929 acres ; orchards, 148,221 acres ; market-gardens, 37,884 acres ; nursery-gardens, 11,370 acres ; woods, coppices, and plantations, 2,187,078 acres. Live Stock. — Horses (agricultural), 1,276,444 ; others, 915,000 ; cattle, 5,964,549 : sheep, 29,427,635 ; pigs, exclusive of those kept in towns and by cottagers, 2,500,259. Ireland. — Corn crops, 1,930,824 acres ; Green crops, 1,372,420 acres ; flax, 129,432 acres, bare fallow or uncropped arable land, 13,474 acres ; woods, coppices, and plantations, 325,173 acres. Live Stock. — Horses (agricultural), 473,717 ; others, 57,991 : cattle, 4,151,561 ; sheep, 4,486,453 ; pigs, exclusive of those kept in towns and by cottagers, 1,044,218.

    Keyword Tags : war, death, France, Germany, international, Europe, prose

    [The Cost of War]

    The Cost of War. — M. Chenu, Inspector-General of Hospitals, in the French Army, has compiled from official sources a statement from which the following figures are taken : — In the war between the French and the Germans, the Germans had 44,000 deaths, the French 138,871. The Germans had 127,000 wounded, the French 143,000. Of the deaths among the French soldiers, 17,240 occurred among those who were captives in Germany.

    ↑ - [62] - {f.62} TAXES.

    ASSESSED TAXES AND EXCISE LICENCES.

  • ARMORIAL BEARINGS. — Any person keeping a coach or other carriage, using or wearing any armorial bearing, to pay annually £ 2 2s. Any person using or wearing them otherwise, £ 1 1s.
  • CARRIAGES. — For every carriage with four wheels, drawn by horses or mules, and weighing 4 cwts. and upwards, (except wagonswaggons or other vehicles used solely for purposes of trade or agriculture, on which the owner’s name and place of abode is painted,) £ 2 2s.
  • Carriages with less than four wheels, or weighing less than 4 cwts., 15s.
  • DOGS. — For every dog of whatever description, a licence, 5s.
  • - 63 - {f.63} GAME-DEALERS. — Persons licensed to deal in Game in Great Britain and Ireland are to take out a certificate, charged with a duty of £ 2.
    • GAME DUTY (Great Britain and Ireland). — Licence to kill game for a year, to expire on April 5£ 3 00
    GAME DUTY (Great Britain and Ireland). — Licence to kill game for a year, if taken out after Nov. 5 to expire on April 5£ 2 00
  • GAMEKEEPERS are now assessed as servants at 15s. each.
    • GUN LICENCES. — For every person who shall use or carry a gun, (volunteers, gunsmiths, and persons scaring birds or killing vermin, are exempt)£ 0100
    HOUSE AGENTS letting houses above £ 25 a year£ 2 00
  • HOUSE DUTY. — (Payable in January.) For every Inhabited Dwelling House which, with the Household and other Offices, Yards, and Gardens therewith occupied and charged, is or shall be worth the Rent of Twenty Pounds or upwards, by the Year. Dwelling-houses 9d. in the pound ; shops and farm-houses 6d. in the pound.
  • INCOME AND PROPERTY TAX. — (Payable in January.) From April 6, 1874, 2d. in the pound on incomes of £ 100 and upwards ; in respect of the occupation of farms 1d. in the pound in England, and ¾d. in Scotland and Ireland, on their rent if above £ 150. From incomes under £ 300 a year a deduction of £ 80 is allowed, the rate being payable on the balance only. The proportion paid on the amount of premiums for life assurance is allowed for on showing the receipts for premiums paid.
  • PEDLARS’ CERTIFICATES, for one year 5s.
    • RACE HORSES. — For every horse, mare, or gelding kept for the purpose of racing for any stake or prize£ 3170
  • RAILWAY COMPANIES. — Duties on passengers — 5l. per cent. on the gross amount of fares, Parliamentary trains being exempt.
  • REFRESHMENT HOUSES. — For a licence, if under the value of £ 20 a year, 10s. 6d. ; if above that value, £ 1. 1s. ; if to sell foreign wine by retail, and if under the value of £ 50 a year, £ 3 3s. ; but if not to be drunk on the premises, £ 2 2s. ; if above that rental, and to be consumed on the premises, £ 5 5s. ; but if not to be drunk on the premises, £ 3 3s.
  • SERVANT-MEN. — For every male servant, of whatever age or in whatever capacity, 15s. per year.
  • SUGAR used by any brewer of beer for sale, in the brewing or making of beer, or in the preparation therefrom of any liquor or substance to be used, as colouring in the brewing or making of beer, an excise duty of 11s. 6d. per cwt.

    • Reduction of Taxation. — In fifteen years (1859-73) the total amount of taxation repealed or reduced was £ 37,183,251 ; taxes imposed during the same period, amounted to £ 15,245,438 ; the net reduction of taxation was, therefore, £ 21,937,813. The reduction of customs’ duties was from £ 15,100,868 to £ 603,938 ; Excise duties rose from £ 2,261,000 to £ 3,048,000 ; Property and Income Tax fell from £ 15,988,000 to £ 11,350,000 ; Stamp and Succession duties fell from £ 2,421,400 to £ 243,500 ; and other taxes were abolished to the amount of £ 1,411,983.

    Keyword Tags : land and property, finances, list, commerce and trade, horses, vehicles and transportation, food and drink, international, hunting

    ↑ - 64 - {f.64} COMMERCIAL AND OTHER STAMPS.

    Receipts.

    s.d.
    Receipt or discharge given for any payment whatever of £ 2 or upwards01
  • Banker’s Cheque or Draft, orders or other writing payable to bearer on demand, which should be cancelled by the person writing his name over the stamp, 1d.
  • Inland Bill of Exchange, Draft, or Order for the Payment to the Bearer, or to Order, at any time otherwise than on Demand, of any Sum of Money : and Promissory Notes payable in any other manner than on demand not exceeding £ 100 ; and on demand if above that sum : —
    • £s.d.
    Not exceeding£     50 01
    Exceeding £     5 and not exceeding£    100 02
    Exceeding £    10 and not exceeding£    250 03
    Exceeding £    25 and not exceeding£    500 06
    Exceeding £    50 and not exceeding£    750 09
    Exceeding £    75 and not exceeding£   1000 10
    Exceeding £   100 and not exceeding£   2000 20
    Exceeding £   200 and not exceeding£   3000 30
    Exceeding £   500 and not exceeding£   7500 76
    Exceeding £   750 and not exceeding£ 1,0000100
    Exceeding £ 1,000 and not exceeding£ 1,5000150
    Exceeding £ 2,000 and not exceeding£ 3,0001100
    Exceeding £ 4,000 and not exceeding2 50
    And for every £ 1000 or fractional part thereof above£ 40000 50
    Lease, Tack, or Agreement for a furnished house, for periods less than a year, if the rent exceed £ 252s.6d.
    with progressive duty for every 1080 words, and the like duty for duplicates or counterparts.
  • If for letting premises for less than a year, at a rent not exceeding 3s. 6d. a week, payable weekly or monthly, a penny stamp is required.

    • Apprentices’ Indentures.

    £s.d.
    If no premium026
  • If premium under £ 30-20s. ; under £ 50-40s. ; under £ 100-60s.

    • Bonds and Mortgages.

    s.d.
    Not exceeding£  5013
    Exce. £  50 & not ex.£ 10026
    Exce. £ 100 & not ex.£ 15039
    Exce. £ 150 & not ex.£ 20050
    Exce. £ 200 & not ex.£ 25063
    Exce. £ 250 & not ex.£ 30076

    Afterwards 2s. 6d. for every £ 100. With a progressive duty on words above the first 1080.

    On every transfer of a mortgage a duty is imposed of 6d. on every £ 100 or fractional part.

    Probates of Wills and Letters of Administration.

    with a will.without a will.
    Above the value ofand under
    £    20£    50££  010
    £    20£   100£  010
    £    50£   100£  1 0
    £   100£   200£  2 0£  3 0
    £   200£   300£  5 0£  8 0
    £   300£   450£  8 0£ 11 0
    £   450£   600£ 11 0£ 15 0
    £   600£   800£ 15 0£ 22 0
    £   800£ 1,000£ 22 0£ 30 0
    £ 1,000£ 1,500£ 30 0£ 45 0
    £ 1,500£ 2,000£ 40 0£ 60 0
    £ 2,000£ 3,000£ 50 0£ 75 0
    £ 3,000£ 4,000£ 60 0£ 90 0

    Duties on Succession and Legacies.

    Of the Value of £ 20 or upwards, out of Personal Estate, or charged upon Real Estate, or on £ 100, if in direct succession, &c. ; and upon every share of Residue :

    To a child or parent, or any lineal descendant or ancestor of the deceased, £ 1 per cent. — To a brother or sister, or their descendants, £ 3 per cent. — To an uncle or aunt, or their descendants, £ 5 per cent. — To a great uncle or great aunt, or their descendants, £ 6 per cent. — To any other relation, or any stranger in blood, £ 10 per cent. — Legacy to husband or wife exempt.

    Keyword Tags : list, columns, commerce and trade, finances, death

    ↑ - 65 - {f.65} GOVERNORS OF COLONIES.

    Europe.

  • Gibraltar — Gen. Sir W.F. Williams, Bart., K.C.B., Governor
  • Malta — Lieut.-Gen. Sir Chas. Thos. Van Straubenzee, K.C.B., Gov. and Commander-in-Chief
  • Heligoland — Lieut.-Col. H.F.B. Maxse, Governor

    • America.

  • Dominion of Conada — Rt. Hon. Earl of Dufferin, K.C.B., Gov.-General
  • Provinces : —
  • Ontario, J. Crawford, Esq., Lt.-Gov.
  • Quebec — R.E. Caron. Esq., Lt.-Gov.
  • Nova Scotia — A.G. Archibald, Esq., C.M.G., Lt.-Gov.
  • New Brunswick — G.L. Tilly, C.B., Lieut.-Governor
  • Prince Edward Island — Sir R. Hodg son, Lt.-Gov.
  • British Columbia — J.W. Trutch, Esq., Lt.-Gov.
  • Manitoba — A. Morris, Esq.
  • Newfoundland — Colonel S.J. Hill, C.B., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief
  • Bermuda — Maj.-Gen. J.H. Lefroy, R.A., C.B., Gov. and Com.-in-Cf.
  • British Guiana (Demerara, Essequibo, Berbice) — J.R. Longden, Esq., C.M.G., Gov.
  • Honduras — Major R.M. Mundy, C.M.G., Lt.-Gov.
  • Falkland Islands — Col. G.A.K. D’Arcy, Gov. and Com.-in-Chief

    • West India Islands.

  • Jamaica and Dependencies — Sir William Grey, K.C.S.I., Governor
  • Bahama Islands — J. Pope Hennessy, C.M.G., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief ; W. Robinson, Esq., Lt.-Gov.
  • BarbadosBarbadoes and Windward Islands — R.W. Rawson, Esq. C.B., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief.
  • St. Vincent — G. Dundas, Esq., Lt.-Gov.
  • Grenada — Sanford Freeling, Esq., C.M.G., Lt.-Governor
  • Tobago — Herbt. Taylor Ussher, Esq., C.M.G., Lt.-Gov.
  • St. Lucia — G.W. de Vœux, Esq.
  • Leeward Islands — G. Berkeley. Esq., C.M.G., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief
  • Antigua — E.D. Baynes, Esq. President
  • Montserrat — N. Porter, Esq., President
  • Virgin Islands — R.M. Hickson, Esq., President.
  • Dominica — C.M. Eldridge, Lt.-Gov.
  • St. Christopher — A.W. Moir, Esq., President
  • Nevis — A.A.M. Campbell, Esq., President
  • Trinidad — H.T. Irving, Esq., C.M.G., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief

    • Africa.

  • Cape of Good Hope — Sir H. Barkly, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief
  • Natal — Sir Benj. Pyne, K.C.M.G., Lieut.-Gov.
  • Griqua Land West — Rd. Southey, Esq., C.M.G., Lieut.-Gov.
  • West African Settlements : —
  • Sierra Leone and Gambia — (vacant) Gov. and Com.-in-Chief
  • Gambia — C.H. Kortright, Admin.
  • Gold Coast and Lagos — C.C. Lees, Esq., Governor
  • Lagos — (Vacant) Administrator
  • Mauritius — Maj. Gen. Sir A.P. Phayre, K.C.S.I., C.B., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief
  • St. Helena — Hudson Ralph Janisch, Esq., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief

    • Asia.

  • Bengal — Rt. Hon. Lord Northbrook, Gov.-Gen. India ; Sir R. Temple, Lt.-Gov. of Bengal
  • Madras — Lord Hobart, Governor
  • Bombay — Sir P.E. Wodehouse, K.C.B.
  • North-Western Provinces — Sir John Strachey, Lieut.-Governor
  • Ceylon — Rt. Hon. W.H. Gregory, Governor and Com.-in-Chief
  • Hong Kong — Sir Arthur E. Kennedy, K.C.M.G., C.B., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief
  • - 66 - ↑ {f.66} Straits Settlements — Col. Sir A. Clarke, R.S., K.C.M.G., C.B., Gov. and Com.-in-Chief
  • Malacca, Com. E.W. Shaw, R.N., Lt.-Governor
  • Penang — Lt.-Col. A.E.H. Anson, R.A., Lt.-Gov.
  • Aden — Maj.-Gen. Sir E.L. Russell, K.C.S.I., Governor
  • Labuan — Sir H.E. Bulwer, K.C.M.G. Governor

    • Australasia.

  • New South Wales — Gov. & Com.-in-Chief, Sir Hercules G.R. Robinson, K.C.M.G.
  • Victoria — Sir G.F. Bowen, G.C.M.G. Governor
  • Western Australia — W.C.F. Robinson, Esq., C.M.G., Governor
  • South Australia — A. Musgrave, Esq., C.M.G., Gov.
  • Queensland — W.W. Cairns, Esq., C.M.G., Governor
  • Tasmania — F.A. Weld, Esq., Gov.
  • New Zealand — Marq. of Normanby, K.C.M.G., Gov. Com.-in-Chief
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, colonialism, Americas, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, government

    UNSEAWORTHY SHIPS.

    Mr. Plimsoll’s earnest efforts in behalf of seamen have not been fruitless. A Royal Commission was appointed to inquire into the alleged unseaworthiness of British registered ships. The final Report of the Commissioners deals with three causes of unseaworthiness : — 1. Overloading : 2. Deck-loads, especially in the winter months ; 3. Shifting of grain cargoes. The Commissioners shrink from recommending the adoption of a compulsory load-line, or of a governmental survey of all British merchant ships, both of which Mr. Plimsoll and others have urgently advocated. The Merchant Shipping Act of 1873, although a partial measure, has had some good result. During the first nine months of its operation, 286 ships were surveyed by direction of the Board of Trade, and of that number no fewer than 256 were found to be unseaworthy, 234 from defects in the ship, or equipments, and 22 from being overloaded.

    Keyword Tags : prose, law and order, maritime, commerce and trade, vehicles and transportation

    ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION.

    During 1873, Life-boats under the management of this Society, in 69 cases of wreck, saved 471 lives ; 21 of the vessels in distress were saved ; and in four cases the Life boat crews remained with the vessel. During the same period the Institution granted rewards for saving 197 lives by the crews of fishing and other boats. The number of Life-boats under the Society’s management is 242. The expenditure of the Society during 1873 was £ 20,780 ; its rewards for saving lifeslifs included 33 silver medals and votes of thanks on vellum, with money to the amount of £ 2,026.

    Keyword Tags : prose, finances, maritime, catastrophes, death

    LONDON HOSPITAL SUNDAY FUND.

    The simultaneous collection at churches and chapels in the Metropolis was made for the second time on Sunday, June 14th, 1874, at nearly 1300 places of worship, being about 200 more than the number in 1873. The amount received, up to November, was about £ 30,000, including one hundred guineas from the Corporation of the City of London. Fifty-five Hospitals and 56 Dispensaries and Institutions share in the distribution.

    Keyword Tags : prose, health and medicine, faith and religion, charity, London

    LONDON HOSPITAL SATURDAY FUND.[Comment by SL] : These two funds (more commonly known as the Metropolitan Hospital Sunday Fund and the Metropolitan Hospital Saturday Fund) were inaugurated in the 1870s. Though each fund was organised separately, both were intended to support the poor in accessing health care and to assist hospitals in acquiring equipment during a period in which no nationalised health care was available and London hospitals were run on a voluntary basis. The Sunday Fund was launched at St Paul's Cathedral by Prince Edward the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) on 15 June 1873, with Queen Victoria as the fund's first patron. Championed by The Lancet medical journal, the Sunday Fund largely targeted supporters from the upper and middle classes through Sunday church collections. In contrast, the Saturday Fund was intended as a working-class collection scheme, with collections taking place on Saturday as the standard pay day for the working classes. Both funds, however, drew on a wider support base across the late nineteenth century. Both the Sunday and Saturday appeal continue to raise funds for health provision in the twenty-first century. For further information on these clubs, see Kier Waddington, Charity and the London Hospitals, 1850-1898 (Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2000).

    This separate fund, established by the joint efforts of representative working men and employers with the co-operation of several benevolent persons, was for the first time gathered on Saturday, October 17th, 1874, and has resulted in the collection of over £ 6000.

    Keyword Tags : prose, health and medicine, charity, London, work

    ↑ - 67 - {f.67} METROPOLITAN BOARD OF WORKS.
    Office : Spring Gardens, Charing Cross.
    Hours, 9 to 4, and 9 to 2 Saturdays. Board meets at noon every Friday.

    Chairman, Lieut.-Col. Sir James Macnaghten Hogg, K.C.B., M.P. Members : B.H. Adams, Thomas Beven, Henry Bidgood, Thomas Brushfield, Charles Carr, W. Clark, General Sir William J. Codrington, G.C.B., E.R. Cook, Robert Cox, W.H. Dalton, George Edwards, Charles Henry Elt, F.H. Fowler, Robert Freeman, Robert Furniss, J. Orde Hall, Charles Harris, George Hudson, W.H. Lammin, Alfred Lawrence, P.H. Le Breton, Cyrus Legg, John Leslie, J.R. Lloyd, G.P. Meaden, Joseph Moreland, W. Nathan, W. Newton, John S. Phillips, Alfred Redman, G.B. Richardson, C.M. Roche, E. Dresser Rogers, G. Rooke, J. Runtz, J.E. Saunders, John Savage, W.R. Selway, H. Lowman Taylor, J.P., Deputy, Robert Taylor, Deputy E.J. Thompson, Thomas Turner, J. Watkins, Thomas J. White. Clerk of the Board, J.E. Wakefield ; Engineer, Sir J.W. Bazalgette, C.B. ; Solicitor, W. Wyke Smith ; Superintending Architect, G. Vulliamy ; Accountant, A. Gunn ; Chief Officer Metropolitan Fire Brigade, Capt. E.M. Shaw ; Consulting Chemist, T.W. Keates.

    This Board exercises important and varied powers in the Metropolis under about eighty Acts of Parliament. It has provided a main drainage system for the Metropolis, which is on the point of completion, and has been in partial working since 1865 ; it has embanked the River Thames from Blackfriars to Westminster, and at Chelsea, on the north side, and from Westminster Bridge to Vauxhall on the south side ; it has constructed many important new streets which were much needed to improve Metropolitan communication, including Queen Victoria Street, Southwark Street, Burdett Road, the Kensington, Whitechapel, Park Lane, Middle Row, Holborn, and other improvements ; it has provided, or acquired and controls, Finsbury and Southwark Parks, Hampstead and Blackheath, Hackney, Tooting Beck, and other Commons. The Board supervises streets, as to their formation, width, lines of frontage, and names, and also the erection of buildings, and has control over dangerous structures ; it had, to 1873, renamed and renumbered about 1,555 streets in the Metropolis, named 2,413 new streets, and abolished 5,400 subsidiary names. The Board has the duty of protecting the Metropolis from fire, for which purpose it has 396 men, and 104 fire-engines at 49 land and four floating stations, and also 125 fire escapes. It also has the regulation and supervision of slaughterhouses and noxious businesses, the supervision of the sale and storage of petroleum ; certain powers with regard to gas and water supply, and tramways ; the repression of contagious diseases in animals, and various other duties.

    The Board is now carrying out several important works, including the formation of a main line of communication between east and west London by the construction of a new street from Oxford Street to Shoreditch ; it is also forming a new approach from Charing Cross to the Victoria Embankment over the site of Northumberland House, and improvements at Shoreditch, Wapping, Harrow Road, and Newington Butts. It is completing the main drainage system by forming the last - 68 - ↑ {f.68} section of the northern low level sewer and the erection of a pumping station at Chelsea. The Board is taking steps for the freeing of bridges in the Metropolis from toll, for the cheaper and better supply of gas, for acquiring, for the public, Clapham, Tooting Graveney, Plumstead, and other Commons, and for other matters. The Board has contributed over £ 400,000 towards the carrying out of City and local improvements, and has advanced to the School-Board of London, Metropolitan Asylums Board, the Vestries and District Boards, &c. (1871 — 3) £ 1,039,770 ; and has sanctioned the borrowing by the Vestries and District Boards for sewerage works, paving, and other improvements (1856 — 71) £ 1,751,397. The net indebtedness of the Board at the end of 1873 was £ 7,728,374, principally in the form of Metropolitan consolidated stock, which is redeemable in 60 years. The amount of the annual redemption and interest of the debt, and of the current expenditure of the Board, is raised by a rate on the Metropolis, the rateable value of which was, in 1873, £ 20,644,010, and by a portion of the coal and wine dues.

    Keyword Tags : London, politics, list, prose, government, vehicles and transportation, education, finances

    ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF LIFE FROM FIRE

    This Society during 1873 sent Fire-escapes to Rugby, Winchester, Marlborough, Tenby, and Southampton, in addition to 36 places which had previously been supplied. At the 38th Annual Meeting, held on June 16th, 1874, two silver medals, five first-class and 13 second-class testimonials, with several sums of money, were presented to constables and civilians for saving life at fires. In 13 cases of fire, 37 lives were saved by means of the Society’s escapes.

    Keyword Tags : prose, catastrophes, charity

    ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS

    President, the Earl of Harrowby, K.G. — This Society was commenced June 16th, 1824. Among the achievements of this Society may be ranked the legislative prohibition of bull-baiting, bull-running, cock-fighting, badger-baiting, and other barbarous sports, and (in 1854) the use of dogs as beasts of draught or burden throughout England. Upwards of 20,000 cases of aggravated cruelty have been prosecuted to conviction of the offenders. During 1873 the number convicted of offences against the Act for the protection of animals was 2,679. A monthly journal, called The Animal World, is published, and many hundred thousands of tracts have been distributed. At the Jubilee Meeting, June 22, 1874, in the Albert Hall, which was attended by about 10,000 persons, the Duchess of Edinburgh gave prizes to nearly five hundred boys and girls, whose essays on kindness to animals had been approved.

    Keyword Tags : prose, animals, charity, dogs, newspapers and periodicals, cattle

    SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE

    John-street, Adelphi, London, W.C. — This important and useful Society was founded in 1754, and incorporated in 1847. An exhibition of works of art took place under the patronage of the Society in 1760, and a second in 1761. From these arose, in 1767, the Royal Academy of Arts. The International Exhibition of 1851 had its origin in connection with the Society of Arts. The educational examinations of the Society of Arts, led to the middle-class examinations of Oxford and Cambridge. The Society has promoted improvement in agricultural implements and machinery, in the construction of dwellings for workmen, and useful applications of chemistry.

    Keyword Tags : art, prose, spectacles and entertainment, international, society, charity, education, agriculture, science, commerce and trade, work

    ↑ - 69 - {f.69} THEATRES.

  • Adelphi, Strand.
  • Astley’s, Westminster-Bridge-road.
  • Britannia, Hoxton.
  • Drury Lane.
  • Gaiety, Strand.
  • Globe, Newcastle-street, Strand.
  • Grecian, City-road.
  • Haymarket.
  • Her Majesty’s, Haymarket.
  • Holborn (Royal), High Holborn.
  • Lyceum, Wellington-street North, Strand.
  • New Royalty, Dean Street, Soho.
  • Olympic, Wych-street, Strand.
  • Opéra Comique, 299, Strand.
  • Oriental, High-street, Poplar.
  • Pavilion, Whitechapel-road.
  • Prince of Wales’s, Tottenham-street.
  • Princess’s, Oxford-street.
  • Queen’s, Long Acre.
  • Royal Italian Opera, Covent-garden.
  • Royal Alfred, Church-st., Portman-market
  • Royal Amphitheatre and Circus, Holborn.
  • Royal Charing Cross, King William-st.
  • Royal Chelsea, Cremorne.
  • Royal Court, Sloane Square.
  • Sadler’s Wells, John-street-road, Islington.
  • St. James’s, King-street.
  • Standard, Shoreditch.
  • Strand, near Somerset House.
  • Surrey, Blackfriars-road.
  • Vaudeville, West Strand.
  • Victoria Palace, New Cut, Lambeth.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, theatre, spectacles and entertainment, London

    EXHIBITIONS, ETC.

  • National Gallery, Trafalgar Square — Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday, 10 to 4, October to April ; 10 to 6, May to September. Thursday and Friday are students’ days. Closed for 6 weeks in September and October.
  • British Museum, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury — Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, and, in Christmas, Easter, and Whitsun Weeks, Tuesday and Thursday also ; Nov. to Feb., 10 to 4 ; Sept., Oct., March, and April, 10 to 5 ; May to Aug., 10 to 6, Saturday, 12 to 6.
  • South Kensington Museum. — Science and Art Department. — Mondays, Tuesdays, and Saturdays, free, from 10 a.m., to 10 p.m. ; and on Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays, (Students’ days) on a payment of 6d. each person, from 10 a.m., to 4, 5, or 6 p.m., according to the time of year. The Patent Museum free.
  • National Portrait Gallery, at South Kensington Museum.
  • Bethnal Green Museum, Cambridge Heath Road, E. — Arrangements as at South Kensington.
  • New City Library and Museum, Guildhall, open daily.
  • Patent Library, Southampton-buildings, Chancery Lane, open daily for readers.
  • India Museum. — At the India Office, Whitehall, 10 to 4, free.
  • Dulwich Gallery, Dulwich College — Every day, except Sunday and Friday, 10 to 4 in winter, and 10 to 5 in summer.
  • Soane Museum, 13, Lincoln’s-Inn Fields — on Wednesday from Feb. 1 to the last day in August, and during April, May, and June, on Thursday and Friday, from 10 to 4. Admission by ticket, to be applied for on the premises a day or two beforehand.
  • Botanic Gardens, Regent’s Park — Daily, by Member’s Ticket.
  • Zoological Gardens, Regent’s Park — Daily, Mondays 6d., every other day, 1s.
  • Geological Museum, Jermyn Street, St. James’s — Daily, except Friday : from 10 to 4, from Nov. to Feb., inclusive ; from 10 to 5 the remainder of the year, except on Monday and Saturday, when it is open from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m.
  • Gresham College, Gresham Street — Lectures Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, free.
  • Linnæan Collection, Burlington House. — Wednesday and Friday, from 12 to 4. Tickets.
  • Royal United Service Museum, Whitehall — Daily, 11 to 4, by member’s order.
  • Tower of London — Daily, the armouries and regalia, 10 to 4, 6d. to each place.
  • Hampton Court Palace and Gardens — Every week-day from 10 to 4, Friday excepted. On Sundays from 2 till dark.
  • Kew Gardens — Pleasure Grounds, every day, from Midsummer till Michaelmas ; the Botanical Gardens and Arboretum on Sunday, 2 to 6, other days 1 to 6 in winter, 1 to sunset in summer.
  • Temple Gardens — Every evening from June 18th to August 31st, from 6 in the evening till dusk ; and from 8 in the morning till dusk throughout the year, on order from a bencher. In October or November also while the Chrysanthemums are in flower.
  • Horticultural Society’s Garden, South Kensington — Daily, by member’s ticket, and payment of 3d. or 1s. on specified days.
  • St. Paul’s and Westminster Abbey. — Each week day from 9 till dusk. Divine Service performed at 10 and 3. St. Paul’s, nave and transept free. Westminster Abbey, free to all parts on Mondays.
    • Keyword Tags : list, columns, spectacles and entertainment, London, GLAM, parks and gardens, directory, science, art

    ↑ - 70 - {f.70} POST AND TRANSIT.

    Letters. — The postage for letters in Great Britain is as follows : — Not exceeding 1 oz., 1d. ; 2 oz., 1½d. ; 4 oz., 2d. ; 6 oz., 2½d. ; 8 oz., 3d. ; 10 oz., 3½d. ; 12 oz., 4d. A letter exceeding 12 oz. in weight is liable to a postage of 1d. for every ounce, beginning with the first. Unpaid letters are charged double ; underpaid letters are charged double the deficiency. The limit of size is 18 × 9 × 6 inches.

    Newspapers and Weekly Periodicals which have been registered for transmission by post are carried free by post if they have a halfpenny adhesive stamp affixed, or if they are wrapped in a cover having an embossed halfpenny stamp. Each paper is liable to the postage. If re-posted, a stamp or stamped wrapper must again be used. An embossed stamp cut from a wrapper or envelope, is not available for postage of letters, newspapers, or book packets. For the Colonies and Foreign Countries, the rates of Newspaper and Book Postage, and the limits of weight for book and pattern packets, vary considerably. In general, to the Colonies the rate is One Penny under 4 oz. for Registered Newspapers, and One Penny under 1 oz. for Book and Pattern Packets.

    Books, Printed Matter, Manuscripts, and Trade Circulars may be sent to any part or the United Kingdom at the rate of One Halfpenny for every 2 oz. in the weight, if prepaid by adhesive stamps, or a stamped wrapper, or combination of the two. The ends must be left open. The sender’s address, as well as that of the person to whom the packet is sent, should be written outside. The weight must not exceed 5 lb., and the dimensions must not exceed 18 × 9 × 6 inches.

    Registration. — Letters and Newspapers, and Book and Pattern Packets, for the United Kingdom or the British Colonies, may be registered on prepayment of a fee of Fourpence. The Post Office is not responsible in any case for safe delivery, but the registration gives some additional securities. Registration is in force with most foreign countries. Unregistered letters containing coin are charged the registration fee.

    For the Provincial Morning Mails, letters may be posted at St. Martin’s-le-Grand till 5 o’clock, ¼ past 6, 7, ¼ to 8 (8 o’clock with an extra penny stamp), and 8 o’clock (¼ past 8 with extra penny stamp) respectively, for the different parts of the country ; at Lombard-street till ½ past 4, 6, ¼ to 7, and ¼ to 8 o’clock ; at the District Offices till ½ past 4 and 6 o’clock ; and at Charing Cross till 4 o’clock, a.m.

    For the Day Mail to Ireland, letters must be posted at St. Martin’s-le-Grand by ¼ past 6 a.m. ; at the District Offices and Lombard-street by ½ past 4 ; at Charing Cross by 4 ; and at Euston-square Terminus by ¼ to 7 ; or, if bearing two extra penny stamps, by 5 minutes past 7 o’clock, a.m.

    For the Day Mail to France, Belgium, and the Continent generally, letters may be posted at St. Martin’s-le-Grand, at 7 o’clock, a.m. ; at Lombard-street at 6 ; at the District Offices at ½ past 4 ; at Charing Cross at 4 ; and at the South-Eastern Terminus, Cannon-street, E.C., till ¼ past 7 o’clock, a.m.

    For the Colonial and Foreign Morning Mails (viâ Southampton), letters can be posted, without fee, at St. Martin’s-le-Grand till ¼ to 9

    - 71 - {f.71} o’clock, a.m. (9 o’clock with an extra penny stamp) ; at Lombard-street till ½ past 8 ; at the District Offices till 6 o’clock ; at Charing Cross till 4 o’clock, a.m.

    For the Colonial and Foreign Night Mails, letters can be posted at St. Martin’s-le-Grand till 6 o’clock without fee, till ¼ to 7 with an extra penny stamp, or prepayment in money ; at Lombard-street, if prepaid in money, till 10 minutes to 6, or with fee of one penny till ½ past 6 ; and at the District Offices and Charing Cross till 6 o’clock, or with extra penny stamp till ¼ past 7 o’clock, p.m.

    For the Provincial, Scotch, and Irish Night Mails, letters can be posted at St. Martin’s-le-Grand till 6 o’clock without fee, till ¼ to 7 with an extra penny stamp, and till ½ past 7 if bearing 2d. extra in stamps ; at Lombard-street till 6, or with an extra penny stamp till ¼ to 7, with 2d. extra in stamps till ¼ past 7 ; at the District Offices and Charing Cross till 6, or with an extra penny stamp till ¼ past 7.

    Receiving Offices and Pillar-boxes. — As a general rule the collections are made in the Town Districts of the Metropolis at intervals of an hour throughout the day, till ½ past 5 p.m. ; then a collection at 6, and one at 9 p.m. In the Suburbs, the letters are collected from four to six times a day. The pillar-boxes are for the reception of letters and postcards. Newspapers and Book Packets when posted in Town Pillar-boxes, are liable to detention.

    Post Cards, with an impressed stamp, may be purchased at the Post Offices and Receiving Houses at the price of 6½d. for twelve, and go free by post (within the United Kingdom) provided the address only be written or printed on the stamped side, and the communication on the other side.

    Telegraphic Messages may be sent to any part of the United Kingdom, at the rate of One Shilling for Twenty words, and Threepence for every additional Five words : the addresses of sender and receiver are not reckoned in counting the number of words in the message.

    Money-Order Office, No. 1, Aldersgate-street, nearly opposite the General Post-Office. — Orders are granted and payable from 10 to 4 o’clock. Money Orders are granted by every post-town upon every other post-town in the United Kingdom, and by and upon certain offices in the Metropolis, of which the postmasters are furnished with a list. The fees are, for sums under Ten Shillings, 1d. ; for sums of Ten Shillings and under 1l., 2d. ; rising One Penny with each Pound, till the highest amount granted in one order, 10l., is reached, for which the fee is One Shilling. Money-Orders are granted on Money-Order Offices in the Colonies ; also in the United States of America, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Constantinople ; Alexandria, Cairo, Suez ; and Buenos Ayres : at varying rates, in most cases four times the inland charges.

    Savings Banks. — The Money-Order offices receive any sum from One Shilling upwards, to 30l. in one year, or 150l. in all. The interest allowed is 2½ per cent. per annum, or one halfpenny per complete month for each complete pound. The Chief Office is at No. 27, St. Paul’s Churchyard, E.C.

    Insurances and Annuities. — Insurance may be effected (with Government security) at the Money Order Post Offices, on the lives of persons of either sex, between the ages of 16 and 60, for 20l. to 100l. Annuities may likewise be purchased, of not more than 50l., on the lives of persons of either sex, of the age of 10 years and upwards.

    Keyword Tags : letters, newspapers and periodicals, law and order, list, commerce and trade, London, finances, international, Europe, France, colonialism

    ↑ - [72] - {f.72} EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR 1875.

    JANUARY.FEBRUARY.MARCH.
    Monday 4111825 1 81522 1 8152229
    Tuesday 5121926 2 91623 2 9162330
    Wednesday 6132027 3101724 310172431
    Thursday 7142128 4111825 4111825
    Friday 1 8152229 5121926 5121926
    Saturday 2 9162330 6132027 6132027
    Sunday 310172431 7142128 7142128
    APRIL.MAY.JUNE.
    Monday 5121926 310172431 7142128
    Tuesday 6132027 4111825 1 8152229
    Wednesday 7142128 5121926 2 9162330
    Thursday 1 8152229 6132027 3101724
    Friday 2 9162330 7142128 4111825
    Saturday 3101724 1 8152229 5121926
    Sunday 4111825 2 9162330 6132027
    JULY.AUGUST.SEPTEMBER.
    Monday 5121926 2 9162330 6132027
    Tuesday 6132027 310172431 7142128
    Wednesday 7142128 4111825 1 8152229
    Thursday 1 8152229 5121926 2 9162330
    Friday 2 9162330 6132027 3101724
    Saturday 310172431 7142128 4111825
    Sunday 4111825 1 8152229 5121926
    OCTOBER.NOVEMBER.DECEMBER.
    Monday 4111825 1 8152229 6132027
    Tuesday 5121926 2 9162330 7142128
    Wednesday 6132027 3101724 1 8152229
    Thursday 7142128 4111825 2 9162330
    Friday 1 8152229 5121926 310172431
    Saturday 2 9162330 6132027 4111825
    Sunday 310172431 7142128 5121926
    Keyword Tags : grid or table format, calendar

    ↑ - 73 - {f.73} GENERAL NOTES OF THE YEAR 1875.

    Golden Number14
    Epact23
    Dominical LetterC
    Solar Cycle8
    EpiphanyJan. 6
    Sundays after Epiphany2
    Septuagesima SundayJan. 24
    Lent beginsFeb. 10
    Good FridayMar. 26
    Easter SundayMar. 28
    Rogation SundayMay 2
    Ascension DayMay 6
    Whit SundayMay 16
    Trinity SundayMay 23
    Sundays after TrinityMay 26
    Advent SundayNov. 28

    The year 5636 of the Jewish era commences on Sept. 30, 1875.

    The year 1292 of the Mohammedan era commences on Feb. 7, 1875.

    Ramadan (Month of Abstinence observed by the Turks) commences on October 1, 1875.

    Keyword Tags : calendar, list, columns, holidays and celebrations, faith and religion, astronomy

    MEMORANDA FOR 1876 (LEAP YEAR).

    N.B. As towards the end of each year, or even earlier, information concerning the ensuing year is often wanted, we add to the current Almanac a synopsis of that which is to succeed it, as follows : —

    BEGINNINGS OF THE MONTHS AND SUNDAYS.

    Jan. 1,Saturday
    Jan. 2,Sunday
    Jan. 9,Sunday
    Jan. 16,Sunday
    Jan. 23,Sunday
    Jan. 30,Sunday
    Feb. 1,Tuesday
    Feb. 6,Sunday
    Feb. 13,Sunday
    Feb. 20,Sunday
    Feb. 27,Sunday
    Mar. 1,Wednesday
    Mar. 5,Sunday
    Mar. 12,Sunday
    Mar. 19,Sunday
    Mar. 26,Sunday
    April 1,Saturday
    April 2,Sunday
    April 9,Sunday
    April 16,Sunday
    April 23,Sunday
    April 30,Sunday
    May 1,Monday
    May 7,Sunday
    May 14,Sunday
    May 21,Sunday
    May 28,Sunday
    June 1,Thursday
    June 4,Sunday
    June 11,Sunday
    June 18,Sunday
    June 25,Sunday
    July 1,Saturday
    July 2,Sunday
    July 9,Sunday
    July 16,Sunday
    July 23,Sunday
    July 30,Sunday
    Aug. 1,Tuesday
    Aug. 6,Sunday
    Aug. 13,Sunday
    Aug. 20,Sunday
    Aug. 27,Sunday
    Sept. 1,Friday
    Sept. 3,Sunday
    Sept. 10,Sunday
    Sept. 17,Sunday
    Sept. 24,Sunday
    Oct. 1,Sunday
    Oct. 8,Sunday
    Oct. 15,Sunday
    Oct. 22,Sunday
    Oct. 29,Sunday
    Nov. 1,Wednesday
    Nov. 5,Sunday
    Nov. 12,Sunday
    Nov. 19,Sunday
    Nov. 26,Sunday
    Dec. 1,Friday
    Dec. 3,Sunday
    Dec. 10,Sunday
    Dec. 17,Sunday
    Dec. 24,Sunday
    Dec. 31,Sunday

    MOVABLE FEASTS, 1876.

    Septuagesima SundayFeb. 13
    Quinquagesima SundayFeb. 27
    Ash WednesdayMar. 1
    Quadragesima SundayMar. 5
    1st Sunday in LentMar. 5
    Palm SundayApril 9
    Good FridayApril 14
    Easter SundayApril 16
    Low SundayApril 23
    Rogation SundayMay 21
    Ascension DayMay 25
    Whit SundayJune 4
    Trinity SundayJune 11
    Advent SundayDec. 3
    Keyword Tags : calendar, almanack, astronomy, holidays and celebrations, faith and religion

    ↑ - [122] - {f.122} [MARKETING TABLE]

    To see the entirety of this section, click here.

    Keyword Tags : commerce and trade, columns, mathematics, finances, grid or table format

    ↑ - [123] - {f.123} PART THE SECOND.

    THE ANDRO-GYNECÆUM.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Tom Taylor in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive. [Comment by CLH] : This narrative provides a textual counterpart to the colour fold-out frontispiece at the front of this pocket book, also entitled ‘The Androgynaceum Club.’
    (a dream of the future.)

    “Depend on it, my dear fellow, Clubs, as they are, are digging the grave of Family-life.”

    “In that case, ought not Clubs to be rechristened Spades ?”

    “Now : It’s your lead, Stirabout, and Clubs are Trumps.”

    “If men would only mind their game, instead of talking ——”

    It was at one of the Megatherium afternoon Whist-Tables that I caught this final fragment of an excited discussion, in which the chief interlocutor — though he seldom lets anybody else get a word in — had been my very “advanced” friend Stirabout, Q.C. and M.P., who goes in for every description of movement that can be set agoing, and stands up for everybody’s rights that can find or make a wrong.

    The subject of his peroration had been Club-life, and Stirabout had been pleading passionately, after his wont, in favour of a pet project of his, of a joint-sex as well as joint-stock Club, to be called the Andro-Gynecæum, meant to bring together the Lords and Ladies of Creation on a footing of perfect equality. He had even gone the length of drawing up a provisional prospectus, with his own name as Secretary, pro tem., looking out for premises, and canvassing for a Committee. He had been at me, with a view to nailing me for a committee man, in the course of the afternoon : and had been vehemently advocating his new scheme to everybody at the Megatherium he could button-hole, including his companions at the whist-table. Indeed, I have often thought Stirabout used to affect the card-room rather by way of securing an obbligato audience of three, for - 124 - {f.124} at least the duration of a rubber, than for any love he had for the game. Fellows who did not like to cut him, were forced to cut in with him, though every table when he made one was a case of three dummies for three parts of the game.

    The flow of Stirabout’s eloquence must have gradually borne me to the Land of Nod, at least, I hope it was only in a dream that I found myself assisting at a séance of the Andro-Gynecæum — that Club of both sexes which it is that advanced Q.C.’s ambition to set agoing.

    Methought I was in a spacious drawing-room, constructed on mischievously acoustic principles — for I heard not only all the gossip I was meant to hear, as one is pretty safe to do in most Clubs, but all the whispers, sotto-voce confidences, and what the Scotch call “twa-handed cracks,” which, in masculine Clubs, are supposed to be strictly tête-à-tête. Whether this was a consequence of the construction of the room, or of the union of the sexes, I knew not ; but I soon heard enough to convince me that the clash of husbands and wives, sons and mothers-in-law, mammas and daughters, lovers and lady-loves, which must follow this acoustic peculiarity of the Andro-Gynecæum of my dream, must set half West-End London — married even more than single — by the ears ; would, in plain English, be death to the peace of families of rank and fashion, and introduce the most hideous discords into what are known to music-publishers as “the nobility’s concerts.”

    I soon observed, also, that if the privileges of the ballot had been liable to abuse in the male Clubs of my waking experience, they were likely to become perfectly intolerable in the male and female Club of my sleeping fancy. In dreams, one takes little or no note of time, but I was quickly cognisant of the most alarming abuse of every female art, sweet or bitter, cajoling or commanding, coquettish or MachiavellianMachiavelian, in full work and play around me, to compass the admission of friends and the rejection of rivals. In this game the women had so dreadfully the best of it ! The men were nowhere. It was humiliating to us - 125 - {f.125} as a sex, as well as discreditable to the Andro-Gynecæum as an institution.

    Then the terrible advantage the Club presented to the female bore had clearly not been taken into account by Stirabout. He himself, advanced male as he is, would have had no chance with the advanced women whom the Club let loose upon its members. The tediousness hitherto confined to the strong-minded organs of the Press, which no one is forced to read, was now let loose vivâ voce, while politeness prevented that determined cold-shouldering in the case of a female persecutor which a man does not scruple to employ with one of his own sex.

    I pass over more obvious dangers — the flirtations, by wives as well as husbands, the entanglements, the alarming abuse of latch-keys, little dinners, tête-à-têtes in the smoking-room, and the awfully rapid development in the other sex of a bold demand for domestic liberties, and the passion for games of chance and skill — hitherto the all but exclusive domain of man !

    Yet, in spite of these drawbacks, I found in my dream the Club so pleasant, as a place where life could be carried on without the plagues of housekeeping, good dinners be got without fuss, waste, or over-display ; and pleasant society — bar bores — enjoyed without the penal servitude of the social treadmill, that I saw, with that prophetic glance of the Dreamer, which embraces the wide horizon of the Future, Society rapidly becoming undermined by these co-operative institutions of both sexes, homes tabooed, families shunted, and London life transferred from a system of independent, ugly, and costly little pair-horse-boxes, to an array of free-and-easy Phalanstère upon the most luxurious principles with only a few dragons to be slain, including mothers-in-law, Mrs. Grundy, and respect for appearances, before we should find ourselves lodged in a “land of Cockayne” in almost all respects the reverse of the present realm of Cockneydom.

    Everything, as I dreamed, seemed to be getting so wrong, and so pleasant, that I sighed, sneezed, shuddered, and - 126 - ↑ {f.126} awoke — to find the Megatherium afternoon rubbers still in full swing, the clouds of smoke as dense, and the tide of talk as strong and small as ever.

    Thank my stars, we have still one domain where the Lords of Creation have it all their own way — unelbowed and unruled by its Ladies !

    Keyword Tags : gender, class, London, Britain, spectacles and entertainment, race and ethnicity, society, prose, narrative, aphorisms anecdotes and epigrams, humour, conversation and dialogues, dialects and accents, government, love, marriage, family, newspapers and periodicals, Scotland, personal relationships, politics, France, jokes, voting

    THE OPEN HAND.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (Tale of a Troubadour.)

    S ir Gaston de Gules was a Redcross Knight.[Comment by BQ] : A fictional character in The Faerie Queene (1590) by Edmund Spenser (1552-1599), the Red Cross Knight is associated with St. George, the patron saint of England, and holy virtue. Like many of the volumes’ Part Two amusements, these associations make the satire's commentary about his ‘largesse’ even more ironic.
    Ha ! you should have seen him the Saracen smite.
    He would cleave you a caitiff through helm and mail,
    As the lobster ye split from head to tail.

    He carried his hawk on his wrist full fair ;
    And his good lance in rest as bravely bare.
    He was famed as the pink of all chivalry’s flower,
    Both in battle, and likewise in hall and bower.

    Sir Gaston de Gules was a lord of land,
    For the most part wet clay, for the rest dry sand.
    His needs were so many, and means so strait
    He had oft much ado to maintain his state.

    Howsoever, by dint of care and thrift,
    He did in some sort contrive to shift.
    Though his tailor’s account overdue might stand,
    He got honour and credit for open hand.

    Whensoever he rode unto high tournaye,
    Much rabble would get in Sir Gaston’s way,
    And still, as they shouted and bawled “Largesse !”
    He would scatter small change amid the press.

    - 127 - ↑ {f.127} But this cunning Knight evermore took good care
    To have certain retainers in lowly wear
    On the look-out well-posted the cads among ;
    And his knaves caught the coppers their master flung.

    Part payment, in sooth, he made them so
    Of the wages he often was wont to owe.
    And the followers all in Sir Gaston’s train
    To get anywise paid what they could were fain.

    This device there be gentles who haply deem
    More shabby and small than doth knight beseem ;
    Peradventure some even so far may go
    As to call it an artifice mean and low.

    But never do we such foul despite
    To the name of a high-born though hard-up Knight.
    Let us say that he still to his spurs was true,
    When he made both ends meet by his deeds of do.

    Keyword Tags : finances, history, family, work, faith and religion, fashion and beauty, poetry, aristocracy, rhyme, charity, humour, gender, class

    THE BLIGHTED ONE.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Henry Silver in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (A Tale of Mystery.[Comment by BQ] : From Thomas Holcroft's (1745-1809) melodrama A Tale of Mystery (1802) to mid-century urban mysteries inspired by Eugène Sue's (1804-1857) Les Mystères de Paris (1842–3), this short story draws on a set of tropes familiar to period readers. For more on urban mysteries as a Victorian genre and its relation to sensation fiction, see Sara Hackenberg, ‘“The Magician of Civilised Life:” The Literary Detective in Mary Elizabeth Braddon’s Early Penny Fiction,' Victorian Popular Fictions 4, no. 2 (2022): 63-79.)

    It is now some four or five and twenty years since I first became acquainted with the lovely Barbara Blushington. I, who now am bald and growing slightly corpulent, was then in all the vigour of my slim and black-haired youth. And she — be still my beating heart, while I reflect upon her charms — she was then the belle of every ball-room that she graced, and the toast at every table from ’Olloway to - 128 - {f.128} ’Ornsey, as, in our genteel society, those places then were called. We met — ’twas in a crowd at the playhouse we termed Hashley’s, and at the door through which a passage was promised to the pit. It was not then thought vulgar to sit beneath the boxes, nor to bring in for refreshment a flat bottle of beer. That slight stimulant was placed, in safety as I thought, in the tail of my dress coat ; but in the crush when the doors opened, I felt a crack behind, and heard a sweet voice screaming, “Lawks ! it’s a-soaking through my stockings, and a-filling of my boots !” I turned, and then beheld for the first time the beauteous Barbara. She had an aunt to act as chaperon, to whom I fervently apologised, for I felt too much agitated to address her niece. Barbara, however, took the matter very kindly, and said that the mishap was as much her work as mine, as there was no denying that it was done between us. This pleasant little jokelet set us all three laughing ; and the ladies reached the pay-place in such excellent good humour, that they did not make the least objection to my franking them, which, by way of compensation, I protested I must do. Emboldened by their graciousness, I next summed up mental strength to sue for leave to sit between them ; and permission being granted, after some show of reluctance, I sat through the performance in a Paradise of bliss.

    * * * * Time rolled on : and my acquaintance with the bewitching Barbara quickly ripened into friendship, and then deepened into love. Her papa was a sleek thriving pork-butcher at ’Olloway, and frankly granted me permission to come and court his “darter,” as he called her, when I pleased, and once a week to stay and sup with him off sausages and chops. What with tender passion and remarkably tough pork, I suffered pangs of torture after these reflectionsrefections ; but I endured them manfully for Barbara’s sweet sake ; and although I felt that they were weakening my digestion, I hoped my praises of the sausages, which I well knew she stuffed herself, would be the means of strengthening my pretensions to her love.

    * * * * O cruel, cruel mockery ! O blighted, blasted - 129 - {f.129} hopes ! All is over now, and I may tell of woman’s perfidy, and of man’s miserable plight !

    But let me compose myself, and speak of that cold, heartless one as coolly as I can. One evening when I called, Barbara was out : and after reading all the literature her back parlour contained, which was limited in general to a couple of old numbers of the Family Romancer, or perhaps a tattered volume of Rory the Red-handed ; or, The Ghost of Gloomy Glen, I sought for other sources of mental recreation : and being of a studiously inquiring turn of mind, I first examined all the nick-nacks on the mantel-piece and table, and then opened Barbara’s work-box to see if she had finished the kerchief she had promised to mark with my initials, intertwined in a true lover’s knot with her dear own. No cambric was there visible ; but placed with blushless boldness, where any one might see it — that is, any one who happened to have lifted up the lid — lay a gilded leather case, which looked as if it held a photograph, and on opening it, with trembling hands, I ascertained it did. The face was male, and had moustaches ; I, greatly to my grief, had none. Many people might have thought it a most prepossessing portrait ; but as it differed from my own, I should have differed from their view. While I marvelled from what person the photograph was taken, and what business it could have to lie in Barbara’s box, it flashed across my mind that Barbara was intimate with some one with moustaches ; nay, perhaps — O, maddening thought ! — preferred him to myself. What then should I do ? Stay, and bitterly upbraid her ? or fly the house for ever and leave her to her fate ? The latter, on reflection, seemed to be the manlier course. So pocketing the portrait (as a delicate reminder of the cause of my departure), I seized my hat, and slipped out unperceived, save by the cat, which I knew could tell no tales, though she had always one about her. Next day saw me steaming to the deserts of Australia, where I resolved to let my beard grow, and to lead a hermit’s life.

    * * * * Five years afterwards I learn that Barbara has - 130 - {f.130} married the son and heir of the old pig-dealer, who supplied her pa with pork. A red-faced, greasy boy he was when I left England. The mystery of the moustaches still remains unsolved.

    * * * * Eleven more years pass, and I return with a small fortune of £80,000, made by honest crossing-sweeping in the dusty town of Melbourne, where, when the gold fever was raging at its insanest height, the streets, with reckless luxury, were paved throughout with gold.[Comment by BQ] : Mystery tales were notorious for characters earning fabulous fortunes in far away lands, as well as serendipitous encounters aiding their main characters – often through clues like this photograph. Still haunted by the Mystery, I hire a coach and four, and gallop madly off to ’Olloway. There stands the old pork-shop, with the old name on the front ; and at the door, with a blue apron and a steel girt round his waist, stands — am I in a dream ? — the original of the Photograph ! He looks older than he was, and fat has not improved his figure : but I feel certain it is he ; and by a superhuman effort pluck up courage to accost him.

    “Is Mr. Blushington at home ?”

    “Hi ’m Mister Blushington,” says he, eyeing me as though I were a pig that wanted sticking.

    “I’m-mean an older gentleman,” I add, with some slight nervousness.

    “He’s in ’Ighgit Simtry,” says Moustache, with brutal bluntness.

    “D-does his daughter still d-d-dwell here ?” I quiveringly inquire.

    “What, Sister Bab ? No ; she’ve got a ’ouse and ’usbing of her own, which is more than she’d ’a got from that ’ere thief as stole my photergraft and bolted to Horsetralia !”

    * * * * When I recovered from my swoon, I was lying bald in bed. Fever had prostrated me, and I had had my head shaved. O, Barbara ! O, Barbara ! for thee what have I not suffered ! How could I have known that the moustache was thy big brother’s ? Couldst thou not have waited the brief space of sixteen years for me, after vowing vows of constancy eternal ?

    Keyword Tags : gender, society, class, theatre, fashion and beauty, work, food and drink, writers and literary culture, love, youth and age, humour, Australia, London, finances, personal relationships, family, marriage, prose, narrative, dialects and accents, alcohol, newspapers and periodicals, house and home, colonialism, animals, jokes, England, photography, cats

    ↑ - 131 - {f.131} SHE AND I.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr R F Sketchley in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    She and I —
    Nobody by,
    Out on the heather
    Sitting together ;
    One golden day,
    One gracious May :
    She and I,
    And “Mop,” the Skye.

    Laughing and chatting
    Over her tatting —
    “Yes” and “No,”
    And So-and-So,
    Gossip and news,
    Prospects and “views” —
    She and I,
    Nobody by.

    Only the Skye —
    I thought I would try :
    So “Effie,” I said,
    And she drooped her head ;
    And I — well I,
    There was nobody by —
    So it’s easy to guess
    What followed her “Yes.”

    Many years since that day
    Have travelled away,
    Since that “Yes,”
    And that kiss ;
    And She and I,
    But alas ! no Skye —
    Are together still —
    In Notting Hill.

    Keyword Tags : poetry, rhyme, dogs, family, conversation and dialogues, youth and age, love, London, personal relationships, animals, writers and literary culture, marriage, nature, cats

    ↑ - 132 - {f.132} EXERCISES FOR TRAVELLERS.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Beckett in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (To be translated into five foreign Languages before leaving England.)

    At the Custom-House.

    No, Sir, I have absolutely nothing to declare.

    I never carry contraband articles.

    You ask what are these articles. I reply, “Personal necessaries.”

    You say that my portmanteau contains tea, coffee, cigars, lace, and silk in very large quantities. You surely must be mistaken !

    You say that tea, coffee, cigars, lace, and silk in very large quantities are contraband. You surprise me !

    If you will not take me to prison, I will present you with five francs.

    You need not bite the coins — the money is good.

    On the Railway.

    Please give me a third-class ticket — half-price ; it is for a child.

    You ask to see the child. Behold him !

    I can assure you you are mistaken. In spite of appearances, I am really under thirteen years of age. I became bald when I had the measles, and my moustache grew when I was teething.

    You doubt my word ! It is impolite ! However, give me the ticket.

    - 133 - {f.133} Is this a first-class carriage ?

    May I trouble you for a cigar, Sir. I packed up my cigar-case in my carpet-bag.

    I shall be happy to taste that brandy you are drinking. It may save me from having a fit. A fit is unpleasant to everybody when it occurs in a railway carriage.

    Guard, you are mistaken ! This, surely, must be a third-class carriage !

    No ? Then surely this card I hold in my hand must be a first-class ticket !

    The booking-clerk must have been very careless !

    You tell me there could have been no mistake ! How comes it, then, that I am travelling in a third-class carriage with a first-class ticket ?

    I prefer travelling in a third-class carriage. However, say no more about it. I will overlook the mistake this time.

    In spite of what these people say to the contrary, I can assure you all these boxes and portmanteaus belong to me.

    At the Hotel.

    I wish the best rooms in this house.

    You can carry up this small bundle. It contains banknotes, and therefore is not very large.

    The rest of my luggage will arrive to-morrow. There was so much of it that it required a special train.

    Waiter, you ask me if I am the gentleman who ordered, yesterday, the dinner with eight courses. Certainly. I will begin at once.

    This soup is good, the fish could not be better, the made-dishes are very nice indeed, the bird is done to a turn, the sweets are very fair, and the ice-pudding is simply excellent.

    You have given me the wine in its proper order — Sauterne with the oysters, Sherry with the soup and fish, then Champagne, then Château Lafitte, Comet port, and a petit verre of Grand Chartreuse.

    - 134 - {f.134} You tell me that this gentleman ordered the dinner I have just eaten ! Surely there must be some mistake !

    To settle the matter, I apologise !

    Landlord, you ask me to pay my bill for my apartments. Certainly. I shall be returning this way, and will look in on my way back.

    You are not satisfied ! Well, good-bye for the present. I am going for a stroll.

    You detain me ! This is very rude !

    Policeman, you wish to know what I am doing in the streets at four o’clock in the early morning ? I have just left my hotel.

    Why did I leave my hotel ? Oh, because I had a toothache.

    You hope that I did not disturb any one as I went out ? So do I.

    Before the Judge.

    I can assure you all these charges are false.

    You ask for my name ? I am the Lord Mayor of London.

    You do not believe me ! Well, for once you are right. It was a subterfuge. My name is Sir Disraeli, Esq.

    Again, you do not believe me. Well, again you are right. I am the British Ambassador.

    You ask me to prove that I am his Excellency. I ask you to prove that I am not.

    You ask me, if I am acquitted, whether I will promise to leave the country without further trouble ? Yes, if you will pay my travelling expenses.

    You agree. I would only say one thing more. I shall be glad to receive (as a little mark of esteem) a five franc piece and your blessing.

    You say I ask too much ! Very well then, give me the five francs and dispense with your blessing.

    Good day, Sir ! I beg to inform you I leave this country without a stain upon my character ! Good day — for the present !

    Keyword Tags : dialects and accents, travel and tourism, commerce and trade, international, finances, railways, youth and age, Britain, food and drink, society, government, prose, narrative, class, France, London, humour, law and order, alcohol, Europe, children

    ↑ - 135 - {f.135} “RESIGNATION.”[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Tom Taylor in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    Air — “Shall I, wasting in despair ?”

    S hall I at Matilda swear,
    Wild because she dyes her hair ?
    Or make pale my cheeks with care,
    That hers so very rosy are ?
    Though her locks of raven glow
    Yellow turn as foot of crow,
    While her gold is meant for me,
    What care I how blonde she be ?

    Shall a woman’s weakness move
    Me such weakness to reprove ?
    Or her little failings known
    Make me quite forget my own ?
    Though her bills be longer than
    Bill of snipe or pelican,
    If they be not paid by me,
    What care I how long they be ?

    If her youth be left behind,
    Shall I play the fool, and mind ?
    She must be, the women say,
    Forty-five, if she’s a day ;
    But I vow she looks no more
    At the most, than forty-four !
    If she’s young enough for me,
    What care I how old she be ?

    Though her temper oft appears
    As uncertain as her years,
    I am not so great a flat
    As to care a rap for that ;
    Though she flirt like agèd Harry
    With the men she doesn’t marry :
    If she be but wife to me,
    What care I how fast she be ?

    - 136 - ↑ {f.136} Be she painted, fast, or old —
    Be she flirt, or be she scold —
    She has cash enough to make
    Me submissive for her sake.
    Should she lose her money, though,
    I can scorn and let her go !
    If in poverty she be,
    She may go to Bath for me !

    Keyword Tags : music and songs, poetry, gender, fashion and beauty, government, finances, love, youth and age, marriage, class, family, land and property, health and medicine, society, personal relationships, rhyme, law and order

    A NIGHT AT THE LION D’OR.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Francis Burnand in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    It is all over now, so I do not mind saying it was an elopement.

    It is not forgotten, but forgiven.

    We met, ’twas in a crowd, as the old song says (“I cannot sing the old song” — and so much the better for my friends), at a fashionable watering-place on the French Coast.

    A seaside place suggests the idea of a yacht or a ship of some sort, and the nautical idea suggested to us was a courtship.

    It was brief as woman’s love. This is a quotation, for woman’s love is not, in my opinion, brief, au contraire, it is more lasting than man’s, it is more —— but I needn’t dwell upon this, as I do not think my dear wife will read this paper, and it would only be for her sake that I would go into a panegyric on woman’s love.

    We adored one another : she me, I her. At that time, her father wouldn’t hear of our marriage.

    - 137 - {f.137} As a matter of fact, her father did not hear of our marriage at that time, not for some days after the ceremony had come off, and we were man and wife.

    She waited till she was well past twenty-one — she past it by twenty-four hours — but one hour, indeed, one minute is enough, for you can’t go backwards (as ShakespeareShakspeare says of the crab[Comment by SL] : A reference to Hamlet's mocking response to Polonius: ‘For yourself, sir, shall grow old as I am – if like a crab you could go backward.’ See William Shakespeare, Hamlet - The Second Quarto (1604–5), eds. Ann Thompson and Neil Taylor (Arden Shakespeare, 2006) 140–464, 2.2.200-202. — quite wrong he was, by the way) on the dial of Time any more than —— but I will not delay this story by indulging in similes, for which I am free to confess I have not the Sam-Wellerian talent. I am not the Bulbul, as the Oriental bard sings, but I am very near the Bulbul. I am not a poet, but I have poetic instincts.

    When I drink Moëtt
    Then I’m a poet.

    And this is about the extent of my faculty, practically. But, oh ! I can appreciate the Beautiful, the Divine, the everything with a vague sense and a large capital letter, and I can admire all that the late Lord Lytton ever wrote in this strain in his earlier works, and I do not consider it a waste of time to devote an hour to any four lines of Browning’s poetry. So much I must state on my own behalf. I am, I believe, nervous, all poetic temperaments are nervous. I am excitable, all poets are excitable, and while I love the merry, merry, sunshine and can dance like the glad waters in the molten golden light, I can also yield my soul to the deep sympathies aroused by a moonlight night, and can understand the feelings of the untutored savage who kneels to the thunder-cloud.

    Electricity is a part of our nature, and I do not mind owning that I never feel comfortable whenever I am in a storm.

    My wife and I have read Wilkie Collins, and shuddered ; I have read more awful things in Balzac and Hugo, and shuddered morely (to coin an adverb more Americano) ; and were I now to travel in Italy or Sicily, I should be afraid to take pistols on account of the brigands. “I dare do all that may become a man, he who dares more” is not the present writer of this authentic history.

    - 138 - {f.138} My wife has ever been timid as a dove, confiding as a (I don’t exactly know what — not having been to the Zoological Gardens for some time — but I recollect having given a box of fusees to a small monkey, who took it under the impression it was something to eat — a light meal perhaps — this was confidence, but heaven forbid I should ! — however, as I said before, she will not read this) — I will therefore say that my wife is timid, confiding, and as nervous as I am. Our tastes are similar, as I have shown by mentioning our choice of an author, and our honeymoon would have been the most perfect and blissful month had it not been, at the outset, disturbed by an event which upset us both for a week afterwards ; but one consequence of which, however, was to bring my father-in-law round, who finished up with “Bless you, my children,” all correct and proper, and then, as stage directions have it, “curtain.”

    On the day we were married, we selected a bye-route, so to speak, avoiding the beaten tracks, for fear of pursuit, and travelling sometimes by rail, sometimes by post, and more often in those broken-down one-horsed springless vehicles which are the pride and glory of ancient Brittany.

    We had determined upon making a halt at Kergöel, a small village of which we had read much in the romances of the country.

    Kergöel is one of those quaint picturesque places which civilisation seems powerless to touch. Lying away from the high road among the rocks and woods, it seems to be a village stored up in a corner for some future use.

    Before the struggles of the Revolution and the Monarchy, Kergöel had acquired an unpleasant notoriety, and since that date there was still hanging about the neighbourhood a dark misty atmosphere of crime, which unfavourably distinguished it from other parts of Brittany. These rumours have not altogether ceased, though flagrant crimes have appeared here at spasmodic intervals, with just so much sensationalism in their character as would give them that interest which the announcement of “Another Assassin Murder” in Ireland awakens in England.

    - 139 - {f.139} This evil report did not deter us on our wedding flight from choosing this Kergöel for a resting place, where we could take déjeuner à la fourchette, or an early dinner, while the horses were being put-to for our next stage.

    Certainly there was nothing about Kergöel and its surroundings when we saw it to cause any distrust.

    On the contrary, the village and the hamlets round about seemed bent on gaiety, and on an open piece of common land there were already gathered together the nucleus of what would evidently developdevelope into a fair, with the inevitable merry-go-rounders and organ (so much patronised by the French peasants), the fat lady, the skeleton, and the usual collection of waxworks.

    As our arrival was somewhat after the hour of the early table d’hôte with which Madame Daunois of the “Lion d’Or” was accustomed to regale her customers, the commis-voyageurs, the fermiers, and a few elderly bachelor residents, all the eatables had vanished, and we were informed that it would be at least an hour before we could be provided with a déjeuner suited to our wants and position, and it was further more than hinted that it would be no use going on to the next village, as every one who was hungry in the next village invariably came to Kergöel for their food. Finally, the market town was another twenty miles off, at least, and anyhow, whether we should eat or not, one thing was certain, that no horses could be found for us for quite two hours.

    So we ordered our luncheon, and started into the outskirts to view the preparations for the fair.

    The people were not very busy at the moment, but they were thoroughly enjoying themselves, and the gamins were lending a hand with a will — and evidently with an eye to earning a free admission the following day to some of the caravans, or at all events of obtaining a surreptitious glimpse of the wonders “behind the scenes.”

    All was laughter and merriment, except in one corner apart from the rest, under the shadow of a huge oak, where sat three men, who would have attracted the eye of any painter in search of the picturesque.

    - 140 - {f.140} Two of them were as ill-looking a pair of ruffians as it has ever been my fate to see, and the expression of their faces was not improved by the glances of longing avarice which they from time to time cast on the purse of the third, who occasionally opened it to take out some small coin in payment for (as it appeared to me) his losses at some queer game of cards in which the three were engaged.

    My wife clung to my arm, and whispered, “I’m sure they’re cheating him.”

    The man, however, in spite of his occasional losses, seemed to pocket more than he put down, and accordingly the visages of the two other gamblers became more fiendish. They drank freely, and their patois was as strange and uncouth as their actions.

    Something dramatic in this group fascinated us in spite of ourselves, until the countenances of the three men were, as it were, indelibly photographed on our minds’ eyes.

    We took a short turn, and looked at the caravan where the fat woman was to be shown, in order to break the spell. Impossible.

    “He is very like,” murmured my wife, as though thinking aloud.

    It was an echo of my own thought.

    “He is,” I replied.

    “Like whom ?”

    “The Shah,” I answered, for we had both of us seen that illustrious personage in England, and had also been inundated with his portraits.[Comment by BQ] : Naser al-Din Shah of Persia (1831-1896) made a state visit to England in June 1873 as part of a larger tour of the continent. His diary of the voyage was published in Farsi in 1874, then translated by James William Redhouse (1811-1892) and published in English later that year as The Diary of H.M. the Shah of Persia During His Tour Through Europe in A.D. 1873 (London: Murray, 1874), complete with illustrations.

    His recent visit (this happened, of course, soon after that memorable occasion) was very fresh in every one’s memory, and, indeed, even in France the talk at the watering-places had been principally about the manners and customs of the Eastern magnate.

    No wonder, then, that the likeness between this Breton peasant, for such I have no doubt he was, and His Imperial Darkness should have struck both of us simultaneously ; for both my wife and I have an eye for colour.

    “Exactly like !” we both exclaimed, and once more we

    - 141 - {f.141} retraced our steps, and found ourselves again contemplating, with renewed interest, these three men.

    They had ceased to play, and they had begun to quarrel. They had taken more than was good for them, a vice rare in France. The man whose resemblance to the Shah had so struck us was sufficiently sober to be careful of his money, and to hold aloof from the dispute, in which his companions were vigorously engaged. Their wrangling did not seem to attract much attention, and presently we observed the Shah-like man rise slowly, nod to the other two, and make as though he were going to leave them. This they would not allow, and judging by their threatening gestures — whose meaning was interpreted by my wife more readily than by myself — it was evident that they were demanding restitution, or that he should stop and take what gamblers call “his revenge.”

    Refusing to comply, he came to a compromise, and as he displayed his well-filled bag (for it was more like a Breton tobacco-pouch made of skin) the same evil-omened look over-shadowed the beetle-brows of his companions, and caused us to fear lest, regardless of all consequences, they should there and then stab him with the long knives worn at their girdles, and take their chance among that lawless gipsy throng of making off with their plunder. Yes ; the dramatis personæ were evidently First and Second Gipsy, and the third, the Shah-like man, was some confiding simple Farmer, who had sold his sheep at a good market, and who had been entrapped on his way homewards into playing with these ruffians. It was the Three-card trick in French, which I took this opportunity of explaining to my wife, with police-court anecdotes, in order to beguile the time, and to distract her thoughts from the scene which we had so lately witnessed.

    “Luckily,” said my wife, “his home is no doubt quite near, and it is still daylight. They will not dare commit an act of violence under the rays of the noonday sun.”

    “Besides,” I returned, “remember the rural police, who at a fair time are always on the alert.”

    - 142 - {f.142} I said this to inspire her with confidence, knowing nothing myself about the French rural police, and indeed being rather doubtful of their existence except in Palais Royal farces, where I had always looked upon them as personages tout à fait pour rire. But I could not help recalling all the “tales of crime” I had heard about the district in which Kergöel was situated.

    Our déjeuner was a success. Everything was clean and good. One thing alone depressed us (for awhile, I am bound to say that, in our own society and enjoying our little repast, we had forgotten the Shah and his two friends), and that was the gradual change of the weather.

    “The sooner we are away the better,” I said, and summoning Madame Daunois, I demanded the bill and the voiture.

    The bill I could have certainly, but the voiture ! Ah ! there was the difficulty. There was only an open one, with a lame, flea-bitten, half-starved horse, and such a roguish, drunken-looking driver, in a short blouse, that we rejected the offer on the spot. Besides, at that moment, down it came — I mean the rain.

    There was no help for it : it meant to rain all night : it got worse and worse : then followed distant thunder : then the gloom of winter set in suddenly, and my wife’s only thought was for the immediate closing of the shutters, drawing the blinds, and putting all the knives out of sight somewhere. Madame Daunois, equal to the occasion, offered us a room. We accepted it. It was one of those quaint apartments to be found only in French inns, where what is not a window is a door, and you begin to wonder if there’s any solid wall at all. Such as it was, uncarpeted, and with faded furniture, we determined to make the best of it ; and having been assured that we should be able to get away very early in the morning with a beautiful pair of horses and a magnificent voiture with a cover to it, if it were necessary, we ordered coffee, sent for our two portemanteaux, and began to make the best of what was in itself not so very bad after all.

    - 143 - {f.143} Beneath our window was a trellis-work verandah, the roof of which was ragged and broken, thus enabling us to see the figures of men sitting and standing below ; while, from above, we had a clear view, when the light permitted, of all arrivals by the road.

    We heard gruff voices growling below us. Through the lattice there was no difficulty in recognising the two villains, and — alas ! the farmer — the likeness of the Shah — engaged, the three of them, in playing dominoes.

    Clearly the rain had prevented the farmer from getting home, and had driven these two men to the tavern.

    Madame Daunois, reappearing, hoped that we were comfortable, trusted we should not be disturbed by any of her guests who had been obliged to take shelter there, and recommending us to fasten our door, bade us “bonne nuit !” and withdrew.

    Gradually the lights of Kergöel were extinguished. Our “bougies” were guttering away, and we burnt one at a time in order to prolong the illumination.

    The shadows were creeping slowly along the floor, stretching themselves on the wall, and the furniture was becoming more and more goblinesque as the chances of seeing it at all after another hour grew more and more feeble.

    My wife, overcome by fatigue, fell asleep in her chair.

    The room next to us on the right was occupied. I could detect the glimpse of a candle through the keyhole. Softly I tried the door : it was fastened ; but in the absence of the key it was impossible to know whether the people on the other side had the power of opening it or not. Certainly, as far as I was concerned, I could not open it.

    I now locked the door which led into the passage, and drew the heavy blinds as nearly together as their breadth would permit. The last candle was about to sputter in the socket when my wife awoke with a shiver, and I implored her to go to bed.

    “I do not know what I fear,” she said in a low voice ; “and while you are near me I ought to fear nothing.”

    Promising to watch, and pointing out to her the absolute - 144 - {f.144} necessity of repose, I took a chair by the bedside, and stretched out my arm, on which she gently laid her head, and, in the consciousness of my protection, was once again soon fast asleep. How I envied her !

    There were persons moving mysteriously in the next room. There were two voices speaking sotto voce. I knew them — I could not help knowing them : the tones were those of the two diabolical scoundrels whom we had seen in the afternoon. What could they want here ? Nothing good.

    Slowly withdrawing my arm from the pillow, I noiselessly took off my boots, and approached the door.

    Through the keyhole I could distinctly see into the room.

    There they sat at a small table. Before them were a bottle, a couple of glasses, and something shining, which, in another second, I discovered to be two long, deadly-looking knives.

    They were counting money and notes, and whispering earnestly.

    In the corner by the bed lay, upright, what seemed to me to be an empty sack.

    I could not move. I dared not wake my wife. I felt glued to the spot. No, not even when one of the villains rose from the table, and listened to a distant footfall, could I tear myself away. Already the perspiration stood out on my clammy forehead.

    The man who had risen motioned the other to silence. Had he seen my eye at the keyhole ? Were they preparing to steal into our room by some way unknown to me ? — perhaps by some secret door behind the bed ?

    Whatever their plans, they retained their position without stirring. This so far was a relief.

    Then the footfall became a decided step in the passage without, and in another second the door of their room was opened slowly, and the farmer, divested of his coat and vest, appeared. He took one step forward, both the men jumped towards him, the light was suddenly extinguished, and what sounded to me like groans and muttered curses fell on my ear.

    - 145 - {f.145} I became sick, faint, and should have fallen to the ground but for my wife, who, in alarm, had left her bed, and, directed by the moonlight, had caught me as I staggered backwards, and had quickly applied her smelling-bottle to my nose.

    It revived me instantaneously, and my one fear was lest I should sneeze and betray ourselves.

    Once more I approached the key-hole. I kept my wife back, as she convulsively grasped my hand, in order that she might not be a witness of what I scarcely dared to look on.

    Through the chinks and crannies, and through the window of their room, the moonlight streamed in upon that scene of guilt and bloodshed.

    There, lying stretched out on the bed, I saw the prostrate form of the Farmer, his eyes wide open and staring, but from his face had fled all that had given animation even to his dark unchangeable countenance —— I was gazing on the lifeless body of a murdered man !

    I dared not shout for help. Could I creep out and call the Landlady, she would know where to send for the police ? I saw them regarding their work and smiling savagely. Some one else had joined them, for a light appeared in the room, and in the face of the woman who held it above her head I recognised the features of Madame Daunois, our hostess.

    The church clock boomed out Three. I could no longer restrain my wife’s curiosity. It had overcome her fear.

    A glance was sufficient for her : she shrank back shuddering, and murmuring, “The sack ! see the sack !”

    They were placing the body in the sack previously to quitting the scene of their crime.

    I could watch no more : all my attention was needed for my wife.

    She had fainted.

    Ah ! how I thanked heaven for the dawn.

    We had repacked, and though suffering fearfully from - 146 - {f.146} nervous agitation, we managed to preserve our calm while asking for the bill.

    “And breakfast ?” asked Madame Daunois, appearing. “Monsieur and Madame will breakfast before they start ? The voiture will be ready in an hour, or less.”

    She was smiling : but I thought beneath that smile I detected the restlessness of anxiety, the consciousness of guilt. No ; we could not breakfast there.

    “Ah ! then we had not slept well ?” she was afraid.

    “No ; not well ——” We paused.

    She was afraid that some of her customers might have disturbed us.

    She was evidently trying to find out if we knew all.

    “No,” we replied.

    The place was stifling. We could bear it no longer, till the diligence was ready we would go out for a walk : we would breathe the pure air of heaven.

    Poor dear wife ! how pale and worn she looked that morning.

    Insensibly we were drawn towards the fair.

    It was but five o’clock, and the whole place was alive. The Bretons are an early people. A great crowd was collected in front of a splendid booth placed near the old oak tree, under which, only yesterday, we had seen the ill-fated ——

    Good heavens ! was it possible ?

    There he stood ! Before us !

    And by his side the two men !

    There was no doubt about it. On a platform in front of the waxwork-show, stood the man himself, with a speaking trumpet and a drum, as lively and as noisy as possible, while one of his assistants was offering programmes to the people, and the other was at the door of the booth to take the money.

    Over the door was a placard announcing that this was the Most Wonderful Collection of Waxworks in the World, and that within could be seen The Great Shah Himself being Received by the Emperor.

    - 147 - ↑ {f.147} They took a franc apiece from us that morning : and inside we saw the waxen effigy of the Shah, most uncommonly like our friend the showman on the platform.

    “That’s what I was afraid of,” said Madame Daunois, on our return, beaming and hungry. “They’d only just made and modelled the figure from the face of Jean Rôques, who, they say, is the image of the Shah ; and as they were afraid of having it spoiled by the rain, or somehow damaged before it was fixed up, I let ’em bring it here, and they showed it me for nothing when I went to call them at three, for at fair time we are very early. The figure quite startled me when I saw it on the bed.”

    We laughed, and said, “Yes, naturally it would have that effect,” and then we ordered breakfast — and didn’t we enjoy it !

    The sufferings of that night of terror softened the stony heart of my father-in-law, and, as I have said, he came round. He was happy, so were we. Violà tout.

    Keyword Tags : prose, France, maritime, love, gender, personal relationships, marriage, poetry, writers and literary culture, parks and gardens, food and drink, law and order, spectacles and entertainment, travel and tourism, society, class, vehicles and transportation, horses, narrative, race and ethnicity, dialects and accents, family, agriculture, jokes, alcohol, Italy, theatre, royalty, history, commerce and trade, international, art

    LOVE’S HEAT AND COLD.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Tom Taylor in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    H ushed were the dancers’ rhythmic feet
     The maddening waltz was done,
    Forth from the Hall I led my sweet,
     Where listeners there were none.

    My only witnesses the moon,
     The silent stars above,
    The wind that breathed its tender croon,
     I told my tale of love !

    Silent she heard, then sudden slid
     Her hand from my caress,
    And with her dainty kerchief hid
     The lips I longed to press.

    With passion’s eloquence I strove
     To prove my love sincere,
    - 148 - ↑ {f.148} Till a deep sob — ’tis answering love ! —
     Fell on my list’ning ear !

    My arm stole round her waist, and prest ;
     She sighed, my hand she seized —
    Then yielding, sank upon my breast —
     And sneezed, and sneezed, and sneezed !

    Keyword Tags : poetry, spectacles and entertainment, love, youth and age, health and medicine, gender, personal relationships, rhyme, nature, fashion and beauty, cloth

    TO OUR DRAMATIC CORRESPONDENTS.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Henry Silver in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.[Comment by CLH] : Frequently a column in the main Punch magazine, dating back to the 1840s.

    Inquiring Tommy. — Macready played First Gravedigger to the Hamlet of Grimaldi, when the latter took his benefit at Astley’s — then called Hashley’s — Amphitheatre, on Boxing-night, December 31, 1810.

    Roscius Secundus. — Any call-boy could have told you that the celebrated passage —

    “See what a rent the envious Casca paid !”

    occurs in Colley Cribber’s drama of The Rent Day.

    An Anxious Manager. — By the English law of copyright any one in London may produce a foreign opera, without paying the composer, provided the libretto be entirely rewritten, and the music either altered or omitted altogether.

    Historicus. — Your anecdote seems probable, but we doubt if it be based on fact. To begin with, Lord Dundreary has not yet been presented, so how could the charming Countess have been introduced to him “at Court ?”

    - 149 - ↑ {f.149} Old Stupid. — We congratulate you upon your signature, which is remarkably appropriate. How many more times are we to state that Mr. Buckstone first appeared as Julius Cæsar on the 29th of February, 1818 ? We believe it was his Roman nose that prompted him to undertake the part.

    Paul Pry. — It is vastly rude in you to ask a lady’s age. Still, we don’t mind whispering that it may rhyme with “thrifty.” We know it rhymed with “dirty” a score of years ago.

    Fair Play. — A bets B that Mr. Irving never played Bob Acres. Who wins ? We never decide wagers until the stakes are paid into our banker’s, and full permission given us to spend them as we please.

    Tyro. — Yes ; we did go to the amateur performance that you speak of ; but we honestly confess that we did not cry “Bravo, Buggins !” at the end of your soliloquy. However, we are not proud ; so you may send us the pheasants.

    Anxious Amelia. — You are not by any means the first who has been smitten. But truth compels us to inform you that the gentleman in question does sometimes wear a wig when he appears upon the stage.

    A Constant Reader. — Pooh, pooh ! Nonsense ! If you were, you surely would remember that eleven years ago we stated that Charles Mathews made his début as Othello in the year ’twenty-eight. If you don’t believe us, write to him yourself.

    Ignoramus. — When it is said of an actor that he “carries the house with him,” what is meant is that he travels with a portable theatre.

    Keyword Tags : prose, theatre, spectacles and entertainment, gender, humour, art, newspapers and periodicals, aristocracy, writers and literary culture

    A THOUGHT UPON TRINKETS.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    If Mary Anne is neither young nor fair,
    At least her charms are none the worse for wear.
    For she has charms, though people call her plain ;
    All eyes can see them — in her châtelaine.[Comment by SL] : Originating in medieval France, the term châtelaine initially referred to the mistress of a castle. The keys she wore at her waist denoted her authority to access the various parts of the castle. Redeployed in the nineteenth century, the term was used in Victorian Britain to refer to the waist-hung accessory on which the mistress of the house would wear her keys, as well as other small domestic objects such as thimbles, scissors, and watches. Often elaborately and ornately designed, the chatelaine became an object that denoted status among wealthier women. By the middle of the century, however, publications such as Punch were already ridiculing the chatelaine as a frivolous trinket or fashionable toy, thereby challenging its connotations of luxury and privilege. For further information on Victorian uses of the chatelaine, see Jessica Rose Harpley, ‘Glittering Baubles: An Examination of Chatelaines in Britain, 1839–1900,’ The Journal of Dress History 4, no. 3, Autumn (2020): 45-71.
    Keyword Tags : poetry, gender, work, fashion and beauty, humour

    ↑ - 150 - {f.150} OUR OLD ROOMS.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Henry Silver in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    T hey were smoky, they were poky, they were dingy, they were dim,
    At night they were illumined with a light we called a glim :
    There was nought in their appointments that you candidly could praise,
    Yet we lived in those old rooms of ours, how many happy days !

    Let me count what costly comforts for our money there we got ;
    A chair that was called easy, but which certainly was not ;
    A rickety round table which shook sadly when you wrote ;
    A door with a loose handle, and a peg to hand a coat.

    A glass above the mantelpiece, disfigured by a crack,
    Beside it hung our cutty-pipes, black beauties, in a rack ;
    A fender for a footstool, rarely brightened by a brush ;
    And one or two old pictures, gems of art not worth a rush.

    Some fencing-foils and boxing-gloves, a fiddle and a flute,
    A jingling old piano, half the keys whereof were mute ;
    On this, our only sideboard, heaped in wildest disarray,
    Coats, novels, hats, newspapers, and plenteous playbills lay.

    What happy idle mornings have I passed in those old rooms,
    A pipe around me shedding its voluptuous perfumes :
    What splendid Spanish castles have I built in that arm-chair,
    With my fancy deep in Dreamland, and my feet high-perched in air !

    What plots have I invented there for drama or romance,
    Half borrowed, as I now believe, from richer brains in France ;
    And of future fame and fortune what fair visions I have seen,
    Ere with years the fatal “has been” had deposed the “might have been !”

    - 151 - {f.151} There free from atra cura, with no burden on our backs,
    No dread of duns besieging, and no fear of income tax,
    We studied, and we scribbled, and were ever blithe and gay,
    So long as we had funds enough our weekly bills to pay.

    There were treasured in those old rooms many a prize of boyish love,
    A ribbon, or a flower, or a kerchief, or a glove ;
    What sentimental rhapsodies the sight of these evoked,
    When we drew them from their hiding, and surveyed them while we smoked !

    When we gave a birthday party, poor the fare we could afford,
    Yet company in plenty came to cheer the festive board :
    Our feasts maybe were frugal, but our appetites were young,
    And O, the many toasts we drank, the merry songs we sung !

    Since then, at richer tables I have sat with millionairesmillionnaires,
    And have eat my fill of turtle at the banquets of Lord Mayors :
    But the daintiest of dinners gives a dull insipid joy,
    As I think what jolly suppers I have eaten when a boy.

    Then what pleasure at the playhouse on some grand first night to sit,
    Ere stalls had been invented, in the first row of the pit :
    How we clapped when brave Claude Melnotte stalked and strutted o’er the stage,
    And applauded dear Sir Peter in his jealous mumbling rage !

    And, O what merry meetings when our pretty cousins came,
    Escorted by mamma, of course, that ever-smiling dame ;
    How our bachelor arrangements they delighted to deride,
    And criticised our comforts, and our luxuries decried !

    Later years bring greater pleasures, joys of children, home, and wife,
    Bliss unknown to boys just starting on the pilgrimage of life :
    Still among its fondest treasures e’er my memory will hold
    Those dear old dirty rooms, and all the joyous days of old.

    Keyword Tags : poetry, house and home, gender, England, youth and age, food and drink, spectacles and entertainment, family, rhyme, commerce and trade, class, finances, art, writers and literary culture, ancient languages and culture, bohemianism

    ↑ - 152 - {f.152} THE YEAR 1875 FOR SOMEBODY.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Beckett in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    January. — You will recover from the dissipations of the past Christmas, and will bid adieu to the batch of guests who have been staying at Backhair Court, Chignonshire (the place of your father), during the holidays. You will very likely comply with the absurd request of your Cousin Charlie (the not very rising young barrister), and present him with a lock of your hair. If you are wise you will tell your maid Morton to select a place where the lock will not be missed by the public in general, and your friends in particular. You will feel very dull, and will employ your time in listening to the stories of poor Mrs. Brown (in the village) about “that dratting School-board,” and will also find that your visits to the Sunday school have become more regular. After employing your mind in examining the children in their Catechism, you will take a languid interest in the expected arrival of the new curate, the Rev. Augustus Sweetman.

    February. — Your interest in parochial work will greatly increase when you find the Rev. Augustus “so nice.” You will look forward to the sermons on Sunday, and stealthily purchase Berlin wool and some canvas with the view to an immediate manufacture of some slippers. You will readily assist in preparing the village church for the season of Lent, and be only “too charmed” to accompany the Rev. Augustus at the piano whilst that distinguished divine is singing tenor songs at the Penny Readings. You will feel conscience-stricken when you receive a long letter from - 153 - {f.153} Charlie (viâ the usual channel, your maid Morton), telling you of all his troubles, hopes, and fears. Your remorse will increase ten-fold when you learn that Mr. Sweetman has become engaged to that silly, frivolous, middle-aged girl, Fanny Larkins ! You will finish the slippers (of course, as you always intended) for Charlie !

    March. — Your first appearance in Town for the season. Everything very quiet until after the 28th — Easter Sunday. You will find Charlie (who seems to have a good deal of leisure, in spite of his professional duties) most amusing. Five o’clock tea will become a great institution. You will read a good deal of Tennyson to please him, and a very large amount of the works of dear Mr. Martin Farquhar Tupper to please yourself. You will spend your days in driving about shopping, and will (at your papa’s request) patronise the Civil Service Stores largely. You will find your Cousin always buying cigars at the latter establishment whenever your duty calls you there. The rest of your time you will spend in writing long letters (crossed and recrossed) to your dearest friend, Amy, the daughter of the Rector of Backhair.

    April. — You will early in the month receive the wedding cards of the Rev. Augustus and Mrs. Sweetman (née Fanny Larkins), and wonder how they (the bride and bridegroom) will manage to live upon the sum of £250 — paid annually. You will begin to go about. You will order a dozen ball-dresses, and will find that your ordinary hour for retiring to rest is 3.30 a.m. You will meet Lord Henry Plantagenet at the mansion of the Duchess of Clayshire. You will be pleased to dance three times with his Lordship on the same evening. You will meet Charlie at a second-rate ball, and will receive a lecture you will greatly resent. You will have your card “full” for the remainder of the evening. Charlie will leave the ball at an early hour en route for his Club.

    May. — You will be dreadfully fatigued. You will visit the Royal Academy, where you will meet Lord Henry Plantagenet, and will find that the young man (although “so nice”) has rather vague ideas about Art. Your Mamma - 154 - {f.154} will be immensely pleased with him, and will press him to join her in the Drive. You will see Charlie glaring at you over the rails as the carriage passes Albert Gate. After this, you will find the remarks of Lord Henry more pointless than ever. You will visit the opera regularly, when Lord Henry will leave his stall to sit in your Mamma’s box. You will notice your cousin on one occasion in the renters’ places at Drury Lane with a large book of the opera in front of him. You will feel greatly annoyed when he fails to see you, and will write him an indignant letter when you return home.

    June. — Your average will now be about six balls a night. Your Mamma will treat Lord Henry quite as an enfant de la maison. You will find the young man stupider than ever ; still you will dance with him and flirt with him, to anger Charlie, and to gain the envy of your dearest female friends. You will also visit the Flower Shows in the most tasteful costumes. At the end of the month you will appear at a Fancy Dress Ball as Mary, Queen of Scots. Lord Henry will accompany your Mamma (she will represent “a fairy” — vide the Court Journal), and will wear clothes intended to transform him into a living effigy of Chastelard. You will be annoyed to meet Charlie looking very savage and wretched in the costume of Mephistopheles. Your Mamma in the kindest manner will introduce Charlie to Lord Henry, and the two men will glare at one another. You will feel rather annoyed when Lord Henry leads you off in triumph, to indulge in a waltz. Only Charlie should not be so absurd !

    July. — Lord Henry will have a long interview with your Mamma, and you will be sent for to the drawing-room. You will find your Mamma smiling, and most affectionate to you both. She will leave you together shortly after your appearance, to see if she can find that book “she promised to get for Henry.” The omission of “Henry’s” title will be marked. When you are left alone with “Henry,” his Lordship will stutter a good deal, and inform you “that, taken all round, you know he is not such a bad fellow.” You will agree with him, and commence some fancy-work.

    - 155 - {f.155} He will stutter again, and will continue : “You know I don’t understand how those writing fellows write all those sort of things in the novels, you know, about a fellow caring for another fellow, and all that sort of thing, you know.” You will suggest that perhaps practice makes it easy to them. He will reply, “Yes, of course ; but you see I have not had any practice — at least, not much, you know.” You will say, “O, then, you have written a novel ! O, do tell me what it is, and I will get it at Mudie’s.” He will go on : “You take me up so sharp, you know ; but what I mean to say is, I have got lots of places, you know, and horses, and all that sort of thing, and as magnificent a bull-terrier as ever you saw, you know. Don’t you see what I mean ?” You will look down, shake your head, and go on with your fancy-work. “In fact, you know,” he will continue, “I spoke to your Mamma about it, and she thinks that it will be a good thing for both of us, don’t you know.” “What !” you will reply, “the bull-terrier ?” “Now, you are chaffing me, you know,” he will say, turning red ; and then he will ask you, without further preface, to become his wife. Before you have time to say “No,” your Mamma (who must have been looking for the book very near indeed to the drawing-room door) will enter, and congratulate you both. “But she hasn’t said ‘Yes,’ don’t you know,” his Lordship will observe ; and you will ask for a week to consider your reply. Your Mamma will oppose this “unheard-of request” very warmly ; but, at the earnest desire of “dear Henry,” she will at length give a tardy consent to your wishes.

    August. — You will be very poorly, and will be recommended by the family doctor to try the air of Switzerland. Before leaving your native country, you will meet your cousin Charlie at a croquet party. He will be very cold to you, indeed, and you will feel dreadfully ashamed of the gaucherie of “Henry.” Your cousin will scarcely speak a word to you until you are getting into the carriage, when he will press your hand, and whisper, “From the bottom of my heart, my darling, I hope you will be happy !” When you get - 156 - {f.156} home, you will have such a cry. Your Mamma will be alarmed at your paleness at dinner, and the family will leave for Switzerland on the following Thursday. You will find Interlaken insipid, Lucerne dull, and the Beau Rivage at Ouchy a positive nuisance. You will receive two letters a week from “Henry,” full of sporting news and other interesting information of a similar character. You will not live — you will merely exist.

    September. — You will return to Backhair Court in time for the 1st. The shooting party will number amongst its members “Henry.” Your Papa will write (as usual) to invite Charlie, but “engagements” will prevent your cousin from accepting the invitation. You will find this month simply unbearable. Your friend Amy will become your confidante, and will resent, on your behalf, Mrs. Sweetman’s exclamation, addressed to yourself, “O, my dear, how dreadfully changed you are !”

    October. — The date having been fixed, you will come up to town to purchase the trousseau. You will meet Charlie looking so pale. You will return to Backhair Court, and, in spite of your Mamma’s anger, you will throw yourself into your father’s arms, and tell him all. Your Papa will not be angry, and will say that he likes Charlie very much, and that he never wanted you to marry “that young Plantagenet.” Your Papa will see Lord Henry. After the interview you will find that his Lordship, in spite of his little peculiarities, is au fond a gentleman. You will like him, for the first time, in downright earnest. He will give you one look (but such a look, poor fellow !), and, in a strangely altered voice, will observe, “he can assure you it’s of no consequence.”

    November. — Charlie will hear the news, will come down to Backhair Court, will see your Papa, and all will be settled. Joy ! Delirium ! Hanover Square, and a trip on the Continent !

    December. — You will return to Town, and receive a long letter from Amy, telling you that she is going to be married to Lord Henry ! You won’t be at all annoyed, but really - 157 - ↑ {f.157} delighted. You will buy a cookery book, and burn all your old ball-cards. You will see that your nice little house is in order, and, after poking the fire into a cheerful blaze, you will kiss your dear young husband under the mistletoe, and sit down, amidst the holly and evergreens, to eat your Christmas dinner !

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    JOSEPH’S AUNT.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr R F Sketchley in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive. — A Commonplace Epic.

    B eyond the Thames Embankment lies the world,
    I mentioned, Joseph, in a hurried note ;
    Written in bed with one of Gillott’s pens,
    On paper purchased in the Mile-End Road,
    And in an envelope’s adhesive hold,
    Dropt in the box, so lately painted red,
    By Mary, when she fetched the beer for lunch.

     “Seek it, my sister’s son, without delay,
    Or any hindering thoughts about your clothes,
    Or ties to home, or chits like Sarah Jubb ;
    And there amass, by mercantile pursuits,
    A fortune like to which the wealthiest man
    That ever trod the Bank of England courts,
    Or sipped Tokay at half-a-crown a glass —
    In that auriferous time, the Golden Age,
    When these old streets were really paved with gold,
    And nought but gold was at collections given,
    Except, it might be, cheques or ten-pound notes —
    Was never known to leave to legatees.”

     So saying, in his hands she placed a cheque,
    Which bore the honoured name of Coutts and Co.,
    And bade him buy his outfit for the voyage
    At famous shops within the City bounds,
    And take his passage by a certain ship —

    - 158 - {f.158} The Flowing Bowl, twelve hundred tons, teak built,
    A clipper, with a surgeon, and A l—
    And pay his bills, and bid his friends farewell,
    (To whom he gave a dinner at the club
    When Joseph’s Aunt was drunk with one cheer more)
    And have no nonsense about Sarah Jubb,
    But see the cliffs of Albion disappear
    Before another County Court day rose.

     He wrung her jewelled hand — she winced with pain —
    And once, and twice, he kissed her stately cheek :
    Then sped and sought the famous City shops,
    And took his passage by The Flowing Bowl,
    And paid his bills, and wished his friends good-bye,
    And gave the dinner which I named above,
    And left his photograph with Sarah Jubb ;
    And ere another County Court day dawned
    Was with the sea-mew and the stormy gull.

     Muse, ere I follow Joseph on a track
    That Bradshaw’s Continental Guide ignores,
    Help me to limn for this immediate age
    And future ages — should my fame survive —
    The classic form and face of Joseph’s Aunt.
    Tall for her age — she was but fifty-six —
    Tall as the tallest hollyhock that flaunts
    Its head erect at horticultural shows,
    And straight as any garden wall in Kent ;
    Lean and gaunt, with small secluded eyes
    That viewed all Nature with obliquity ;
    A nose a Roman spinster might have worn ;
    A mouth that occupied more room than mouths
    Are wont to fill, and on the pendent lip
    Displayed a growth a razor might have shorn ;
    And hair in coils and curls so rubric red,
    It must have been her own, and not a wig.
    This is no Book of Beauty frontispiece
    I own, and so ’twill not surprise to hear
    - 159 - ↑ {f.159} That Joseph’s Aunt had never changed her name,
    But still continued Miss Cordelia Scroyle.

     And Joseph, what of him ? — for I should err
    To leave my leading hero undescribed —
    The nephew bore no likeness to the aunt,
    Although he was her sister’s second son ;
    And when as escort through the bustling streets,
    Gallant he gave his relative his arm,
    No greater contrast e’er was seen in Bow.
    For he was short and fat, with two large eyes
    That rolled protrusive in his head, in hue
    Most like the gooseberry when boiled in paste ;
    And with a shabby nose that brought to mind
    A turnip-radish by its shape and tint ;
    And on his polished head no hair had grown
    Since he was two-and-twenty years of age —
    As all might plainly see when days were warm,
    And Joseph doffed his hat, and wiped his brows.

    My hero and his aunt are now described :
    Their future fortunes, exploits, feats, and fates,
    I’ll sing in twenty-three succeeding books.[Comment by SL] : The speaker of this brief mock-epic poem alludes here to the Homeric epics, which were retrospectively divided into twenty-four books.

    end of book i.

    N.B. — A book will appear annually, but as books xxiii. and xxiv. will be published together, the author hopes to complete his task in 1896.
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    SIGHTS WHICH WE HAVE NOT YET SEEN.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Henry Silver in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    A public drinking-fountain erected by a publican.

    A tailor in top-boots, and a sailor with green spectacles.

    A Quaker in a drab suit entering a music-hall.

    A man of iron constitution taking steel to strengthen it.

    The safe return to our hall-stand of some two dozen of umbrellas which society has borrowed of us.

    A man who can look dignified while having his hair cut.

    A lady with a bonnet that has lasted her a twelvemonth.

    A baby that we really think “the perfect image of its father.”

    - 160 - ↑ {f.160} An amateur “of promise” which, in our opinion, is fulfilled in his performance.

    A bottle of “fine old 30s. crusted port” which can be considered fit for anybody’s drinking.

    A man dancing in tight boots who looks as though he liked it.

    And, finally, An actor who can stop his face from working on a Sunday.

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    CONSOLATIONS UNDER CALAMITIES.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    Consolations for the Deaf. — You can never be disturbed by a cough in the house, by a scolding woman, by a grinding organ, by anyone cracking nuts, by the noise a voracious little boy makes in eating, by a servant scrubbing outside your room, or any other irritating sound. You cannot be annoyed by any remarks on your looks, opprobrious epithets applied to you, insulting speeches or jokes made at your expense ; you need never trouble yourself to silence a fool with a repartee. You have an unanswerable excuse for absenting yourself from any public meeting or other assembly at which those present are presumed to be hearers ; you can never be bored by a lecture or a sermon ; you are exonerated from service on juries. No fellow-passenger, by train or omnibus, nor any other travelling companion, can pester you with his remarks. No one can remonstrate or argue with you. Nobody will button-hole you ; no din can wake you or deprive you of rest ; you can “sleep in spite of thunder.”

    Consolations for the Blind. — You cannot see anything - 161 - ↑ {f.161} horrible or ugly ; any deformity or eyesore ; cannot be vexed by the destruction of ancient mansions or monuments, the enclosure of commons and open spaces, and the spectacle of suburban settlements on sites which you may recollect as flowery fields. It does not signify how ugly soever your wife may be, or may get. You cannot be offended by hideous or absurd fashions, or grieved by the comparison of your face in the glass with its image in your memory. You have a good excuse for declining the office of trustee or executor. Nobody can vex you by making contemptuous faces or “taking a sight” at you. Demonstrations of disrespect before your face can hurt you no more than they can behind your back.

    Consolations for the Plain. — If ever you get married it will probably be for your own sake, unless you have money. As you have no beauty to spoil, your looks can become none the worse for age ; so that you will lose no regard or affection which, if it depended on them, you would, sooner or later.

    Consolations for the Poor. — You are spared from anxiety about the investment of your money. No panic in the City can make you uneasy concerning the bank at which you have no balance. You will never be pestered with solicitations for subscriptions to charities or testimonials which you cannot afford ; unless you are fool enough to signify, by ostentation, that you are able to. The end of your life will be a happy release, of which the prospect can never afflict you as the idea of leaving this world does people who possess the means of enjoying it.

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    A STANZA BY A SENTIMENTALIST.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Henry Silver in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    I would I were a wild gazelle,
     Or little skipping flea,
    I’d bound o’er yonder dewy dell,
     My fairy love to see :
    Then in her face I’d slily wink,
    And call for something nice to drink !
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    ↑ - 162 - {f.162} THIRTY TO-DAY.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Collins in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    S he saw that her brown hair was bonny and bright,
    Her beautiful eyes overbrimming with light,
    She looked in her glass in a curious way,
    And said, with a sigh, “I am thirty to-day.

    “There’s my dear sister Maud : I remember so well,
    How the child used to cry when I taught her to spell ;
    She’s been married five years, and she flirts with the men,
    And has stolen my sweethearts agen and agen.

    “She teaches me now, saying, ‘Child, don’t be free :
    ’Tis all right for an old married woman like me.
    I thought it my duty to flirt with Sir Harry,
    For he seemed quite afraid you would ask him to marry.’

    “Then there’s Laura the second, my godchild and niece,
    Whom the men seem to like for her baby caprice ;
    She will call me Auntie whene’er she appears.
    She’ll provoke me some day into boxing her ears.

    Yet why am I cross ? Maud’s an innocent flirt,
    And Laura is only amusingly pert :
    Maud has had her own way since she first was a wife,
    And the Baby has never been whipt in her life.

    “I smile at them both : I am not very vain,
    But I like (and they don’t) men with muscle and brain :
    There’s Guy Luttrel, the famous Bohemian — now he,
    Whom all men abuse, is the fellow for me.

    “He rows on the river, he writes in the Times,
    He’s great at the claret-cup, greater at rhymes :
    His dazzling dark eyes, when they look into mine,
    Seem to say (do they mean it ?) I think you divine !”

    - 163 - ↑ {f.163} A tap at the door — an unusual thing ;
    A note which contains a most exquisite ring.
    “Lapis-lazuli, Opal,” she murmurs, “and Verde,
    And Emerald ! Now I can guess at the word.”

    And the note : “Do you like an acrostic in gems ?
    Will you listen to me by-and-by on the Thames ?”
    Laura looks at her glass in a happier way,
    And thinks, “Does he know I am thirty to-day ?”

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    THE GERMAN INVASION OF 1890.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Beckett in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (As Related by the Great O’Muggins.)[Comment by SL] : This narrative functions as a form of alternate history. In so doing, it reveals metropolitan anxieties regarding Ireland's future relationship to Britain in the wake of the Irish campaign for Home Rule. The story takes place in an imagined future, where Irish Home Rule has already been granted. In reality, the Home Rule act would not be implemented until 1920 and only then as a route to Irish partition and independence. The narrative ridicules Irish attempts at self rule, whilst also warning that any form of Irish autonomy may lead to a power grab by Bismarck Germany and, by extension, turmoil across the rest of Europe. For futher information on the Home Rule movement, see John O'Beirne Ranelagh, A Short History of Ireland (Cambridge University Press, 2012).

    It will be as well before commencing the history of this memorable affair, if I just sketch the state of Europe before the invasion took place. After the war between France and Germany in 1871, the Fatherland had made immense strides. Denmark was the first to be absorbed by the farseeing Bismarck, and Holland and Belgium, as a matter of course, soon followed. In 1876 Norway and Sweden were induced to join the Confederation, and the second great war, in which France took part (under the command of Louis Philippe the VII.), soon added that luckless country to the others in the long list of German tributaries. England for a long time held her own, but when Prince von Bismarck offered to the Cabinet for the time being (it was a Radical one under the Premiership of Viscount Bradlaugh) three million pounds sterling and ten square miles of territory in Western Africa, the bribe was too great to be resisted, and - 164 - {f.164} the London Gazette was henceforward published in Berlin. Italy and Spain were conquered by Russia (who had possessed herself of Turkey), only to fall with that once great Power into the hands of the German statesman. Austria had become part of Greece, with the assistance of Bismarck, and then both countries had been annexed to the kingdom of Prussia. Switzerland had willingly given up her independence, on the understanding that there might be a general rise of a franc in the tariffs of her numberless hotels. Thus it will be seen that Europe, as a whole, was more or less German. Some thinkers would have, perhaps, described it as considerably more. However, there was one grand exception to this general rule — that exception was the first isle of the sea, the most beautiful pearl of the ocean, or, to drop poetry for fact — that glorious exception was Ireland.

    Yes, when other kingdoms were submitting to the hated German race, Ireland, blessed with Home Rule, had progressed rapidly and satisfactorily. During ten years there had been no less than five-and-twenty different sorts of governments. When the act was passed in the English House of Commons inviting, nay, begging, the Irish to do what they pleased, the people at once elected a king. A gentleman, a great lawyer, was immediately crowned. His Majesty had not been located in his elegant palace (situated in the most genteel part of Dublin) a day, when some one asked by what right he had assumed the imperial purple. The answer of the royal and learned gentleman, although lengthy and eloquent, was not considered satisfactory, and candidates for the throne (now declared to be vacant) were requested to send in applications for the appointment, accompanied by the copies of any testimonials they might think calculated to increase their chances of being elected. The result of this request was that the whole people sent in applications. The matter was referred to the Irish Heralds’ College, who reported that the applicants had an equal right to the throne, as there was not an Irishman living who was not lineally descended from a king. The suggestion that everybody should be king was immediately carried - 165 - {f.165} out ; but the carrying on of the government of the country becoming slightly difficult on these terms, a Republic was shortly afterwards declared. After this, about every other day a new form of government was adopted with varying success. In 1890 a heavy debate in the Irish House of Commons, in which the motion had to be carried at the point of the bayonet, ended in my election to the post of Lord High Governor-in-Chief, on the distinct understanding that I never was to govern. My powers were to remain in force for seven years unless the House were pleased to dismiss me at a moment’s notice, or to keep me in the chair for the term of my natural life. My election gave general satisfaction, as it was felt that at last Ireland had obtained a stable administration.

    I was seated in my dressing-gown enjoying my breakfast (consisting of all the delicacies of the season), and reading a very excellent article in the Dublin Practical Man advocating the suppression of crime and disease by means of the total abolition of prisons and doctors. It was the day after my election to the chiefdom of the Executive Power, and I was not a little pleased with my uniform. As there was no precedent to guide me, I had taken my costume in hand myself. I wore a gold cocked hat surmounted with silver feathers, a bright green tail coat covered with precious stones, and the most elegant pair of leather breeches and hunting boots that the world had ever seen. Round my waist was a magnificent tricoloured scarf to show that Ireland was not a kingdom, and in my hand I held a sceptre to denote that Ireland was certainly not a Republic.

    “Very good indeed,” I said, as I finished the article. “Of course, we can’t have prisoners if we have no prisons. This fellow knows what he is writing about.”

    I was on the eve of putting my lips to the glass of whiskey and water (which my doctor tells me is better for my constitution than tea) when a knock came on the door, and to my invitation to come in, my servant, General Pat, entered. The General received his rank during the last Republic but four, when it being decided that all men - 166 - {f.166} should be equal, the levelling was up instead of down, and all men became generals instead of privates.

    “What is it, Pat ?” I asked, with some show of curiosity.

    “If you plaze, your honor,” replied the General, “it’s meself that thinks that we are in a bit of a mess. The Militia Artillery were just practising firing at the palace clock.”

    “The palace clock !” I exclaimed.

    “Well, yes, your honor ; they said it would just do nicely until they had toime to find their own target, which they dropped down a well on their way to the practisin’ ground. Well, your honor, as the bhoys were a-shootin’ what now do ye think they saw ?”

    “I can’t say, Pat,” was my cautious reply. I once served in the American Government, hence my love of secresy and prudence.

    “Well, what would ye say if I tould ye it was just the German fleet that was a-sailing into Dublin Bay ?”

    “What !” I shouted, “the German fleet coming to meet us ? This is good news, my boy, for we shall see as pretty a fight as needs be. Come, General Pat, call out the other generals, and let’s get ready for the shindy.”

    I must admit I was entirely delighted — if there is one thing in the world that pleases an Irishman, it is a good stand-up battle. I buckled on my sword, and thrust my electric fifty-shooter into my belt. In another moment I was seated on my newly-invented steam bicycle, gaily galloping to the parade ground. As my stalwart figure (I am six foot seven in my stockings) came in sight, the army of generals cheered. I took off my gold cocked hat with its silver feathers, and bowed amiably.

    “Generals !” I cried, “the hour for action has at length arrived. The hated Saxon” (groans) “in the shape of the fleet of that bright spalpeen of a veteran hero Prince Bismarck” (immense cheering) “is in the offing. Now’s your time, my boys, for a first-rate row of the proper sort.”

    The enthusiasm was immense. Bayonets were fixed, rifles loaded, and the whole army danced for joy. For the space of half an hour this state of feeling existed ; but at - 167 - {f.167} the expiry of that time the generals seemed to grow quiet and disappointed. I knew at once what this meant — the German fleet had lost its novelty, and the army were thirsting for a row. At length I heard a voice from the ranks complaining bitterly of “the cowardly delay.”

    “Indeed, General,” said I, with some sternness, “and what is the matter with you ?”

    “Why, it sames to me, your honor, that I and the other bhoys, I mane generals, are just wasting our toime. Why will we not have a fight now ?”

    “You must wait until the Germans land. They won’t keep us waiting more than ten minutes, I should say.”

    “Ten minutes !” shouted the mutinous general from the ranks. “Why that will give us toime to have the most illigant row amongst ourselves as ever was seen. Come on, bhoys ! Hurror !”

    And before I could say or do anything, every man of the army was engaged in a hand-to-hand combat. This piece of imprudence lost us the battle. Prince Bismarck seeing that our troops were engaged in settling their own differences, ordered a general advance. Our army were surrounded, and before they had time to knock down more than a couple of thousand Germans or so, were forced to surrender. While this was going on, I had returned to my lodgings, and was busy packing up my jewels and other property with a view to starting by the evening mail for America. I had just put my green tail coat in my portmanteau, when there came a knock at the door, and General Pat (his head bound up and his right arm in a sling) entered, ushering in a stranger.

    “This jintleman wanted to see your honor, so I showed him up, although I knew it was as much as my place was worth. I showed him up because I knew he would wish me to drink his health.”

    “Get out wid ye !” cried the new-comer, with as rich a brogue as ever I heard in my life.

    General Pat disappeared with a grin, and I was alone with the stranger. It is necessary that I should describe - 168 - {f.168} his appearance. He had a regular Irish face. There was immense breadth between the nose and the mouth covered over with a gigantic moustache. Shaggy eyebrows almost hid from sight his sharp, fierce, piercing eyes. He was nearly bald, as only a fringe of hair surrounded his cranium. He wore the national costume of Ireland ; that is to say, a red waistcoat, drab long coat and breeches, and grey woollen stockings. In his felt hat was stuck a short clay pipe, a sprig of shamrock hanging by its stalk was pendant from his lips, and he carried in his right hand a shillelagh. As I have already said, he spoke with a brogue, but as I love pure English, I shall follow the rule I have observed in this paper and tone down all the brogue as much as possible.

    “Ye don’t know me ?” cried the new-comer. “Well now, that’s a noice way to welcome an Oirishman to his native land after nearly a century’s absence.”

    “I know your face perfectly,” I began.

    “But ye don’t remember my name. Come out of that ! Well then I will just tell ye — I am the O’Bismarck !”

    “What !” I exclaimed, “Prince von Bismarck ?”

    “They call me that in Berlin, but here in my native land I am the O’Bismarck. I should like to see the man who would call me out of my name ; but, ha ! ha ! I am not so sure he would like to see me !”

    “Your Excellency !”

    “Stop that — I am not the Lord Lieutenant. You, as an Oirishman, should know that there is no prouder title than the O’Bismarck. I tell ye, Sir, that I am descended from King Boru.”

    “So we all are,” I hastily interrupted, as I knew that when an Irishman gets upon that subject he never leaves it.

    “Indade, and ye are,” said the O‘Bismarck. “Ah, thin, ye are my cousin, and I must embrace ye.” And he took me in his arms.

    “Well, O’Bismarck,” I began again.

    “Call me your cousin — your German Cousin.”

    “Well, cousin, it is a great honour that you have done me in visiting my poor house.”

    - 169 - ↑ {f.169} “Not a bit of it. I came on business — although I don’t mind, as ye’re so pressing, to put my mouth to the potheen. And good it is too,” he said, smacking his lips as he put down the glass. “That whiskey, I’ll swear, never paid duty. But to return to business. Do ye know why I’ve invaded ye ?”

    “To annex the country ?” I said, with a sigh. “But you must know, O’Bismarck, that an Irishman dies but never surrenders.”

    “Of course, I know it,” replied my strange visitor. “And so ye think that it’s myself, a good Oirishman, would do anything to harm the ould counthry ? Not a bit of it. I have visited my native land because the great schame I have been working out for the last thirty years is at last matured. Why, do ye think I conquered Austria and France, and annexed Russia, England, Italy, and the rest ?”

    “To make Germany the first nation in the world.”

    “Germany be hanged ! To make dear ould Oireland the first counthry in the world. I have spoken to the Emperor Billy, and as he can refuse me nothing, he has fallen into my views, like the good ould creature he has been for the last thirty years. Good luck to him ! And now fill up your glass, and pass the bottle, and I will tell ye how we will make the German Empire into a part of the dear ould country.”

    He told me ; and the next day we changed all the maps of Europe into maps of Ireland.

    Keyword Tags : narrative, prose, Europe, war, France, colonialism, finances, international, Ireland, government, fashion and beauty, work, humour, dialects and accents, Americas, royalty, aristocracy, Africa, politics, commerce and trade, empire, race and ethnicity, law and order, alcohol, London, sovereignty, military, Britain, England, history, newspapers and periodicals, vehicles and transportation, geography, Home Rule, Germany, Russia, Italy

    POWDER AND PEACE.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    Near a powder magazine,
     In a still and peaceful spot,
    ’Mid sweet fields and foliage green,
     I am tenant of a cot.
    Like a hermit in his cell,
     Unmolested, all serene,
    I am not afraid to dwell
     Near a powder magazine.

    - 170 - ↑ {f.170} That we never shall be blown
     Up is more than ten to one,
    But the danger keeps us lone,
     And the risk I gladly run :
    While the Builder gives a wide
     Berth to that romantic scene,
    Where in quiet I reside
     Near a powder magazine.

    Keyword Tags : poetry, rhyme, humour, war, military, nature, house and home

    CENTENARIANS THOROUGHLY PROVED.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Collins in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    By Mr. Thoms.

    Jack of the Beanstalk. — It is shown by the Grimm Brothers that this celebrated aëronaut made his ascent in the year 1575. He has not yet returned, and the beanstalk is still waiting for him near Potsdam. He must therefore nearly have completed his third century.

    Jack, the Husband of Jill. — The pathetic poem which connects these persons with a pail of water was one of the first printed by William Caxton. It is unhappily imperfect. As it is only a few days since I picked up a boy who had broken his crown and upset his bucket, and as his name was Jack, and as his sister’s name was Jill, I see no reason to doubt that they are both at least a century old. I gave them a shilling each to say they were.

    Jack the Giant Killer. — This is a very remarkable case. There certainly have been no giants since the Christian era — none, at least, worth killing : for who would kill a giant that is exhibited in a caravan, and becomes, as my friend - 171 - {f.171} Mr. Dickens remarked, very weak in the knees. The other day, while travelling in Scotland, I found a cheerful gentleman catching salmon with much success in a beautiful wild stream. A noble salmon that he had caught made part of our dinner, and we had some good claret with it. He told me he had killed many giants, and that nothing was easier than to kill a giant if you possessed common sense. His Christian name was Jack, his surname Bright.

    Jack Horner. — The Christmas in which

    “Little Jack Horner
    Sat in a corner,”

    according to the old manuscript from the Cottonian library, published by authority of the Master of the Rolls, is supposed to have been that of the year 875, just a thousand years ago. The collateral evidence to that effect is strong, for Jack Horner was a nephew of King Alfred, who, being a hater of cant, kicked him out of the room, when he exclaimed

    “What a good boy am I !”

    Now Jack Horner’s trowsers are preserved at the Tower of London, and they bear the mark of a sharp kick from an Oxford shoe : and the Venerable Bede informs us that King Alfred gave up wearing boots (his corns having become tender through a tendency to Ritualism) in that very year. No stronger circumstantial evidence could, of course, be adduced. As Master Jack Horner is still in his corner of snug sinecure, using his thumb as dexterously as ever, I am willing to grant he is a thousand years old. He may be older.

    These extracts from my notes on Centenarianism were taken at hazard, and all the plusquam-centenarians mentioned happen to be called Jack. Fond mothers must not, however, suppose that christening a boy Jack (or a girl Miss Jack) will ensure a century of life. Still, the name seems to have a mysterious essence of longevity in it. Jack o’ Lantern has been leading poets and philosophers a wild goose chasechace for many centuries, and is not dead yet. I have been unable to find a register of the birth of Jack in Office, but he must be almost incredibly aged — and he seems healthy.

    Keyword Tags : narrative, prose, gender, youth and age, Scotland, travel and tourism, history, health and medicine, aristocracy, writers and literary culture, London, food and drink, faith and religion, marriage, music and songs, children, rhyme, spectacles and entertainment, Germany

    ↑ - 172 - {f.172} A SILVER WEDDING.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (From the “Family Observer.”)

    An interesting event came off this day last week at St. Columb’s, the seat of John Joseph Anderson, Esq., well known for many years as a respected member of the Stock Exchange. This was no less than the silver wedding of Mr. and Mrs. Anderson, of whom we only record a notorious fact when we say that their wedded lives have been one uniform career of domestic happiness. The anniversary of their happy union was celebrated in the spacious grounds adjoining their hospitable mansion, which were thrown open to a garden party, including most of the principal inhabitants of the neighbourhood. A remarkably pleasing feature of the day’s festivities was a game of croquet, of which the players consisted exclusively of old and middle-aged married couples. Their united ages must have amounted to hundreds of years. The idea of this exhibition was conceived with a view to demonstrate that the sentiments which, before marriage, make young people delight to mingle in recreations serving to display one another’s personal attractions, are, as a rule, heightened rather than diminished by the lapse of years passed in conjugal felicity. The grace and agility displayed by the portly pairs who participated in this touching performance excited the admiration and applause of all beholders. In the evening there was a dance under an ample marquee erected on the extensive lawn by Messrs. Sedgington. Among the quadrilles danced on this auspicious occasion there were several in which also the partners were all married ones ; and throughout the

    - 173 - ↑ {f.173} evening the husbands, as many as those of whom the dancing days were not over, made a point of dancing with their respective wives, if their wives could dance. Otherwise the husbands and wives were content to remain “wallflowers,” and placidly enjoy each other’s conversation.

    At intervals, in the meanwhile, happy pairs, grown grey and bald in wedlock, paired off from the dance, and roamed about the walks and shrubberies, and along the margin of the lake, not to say fish-pond, by moonlight : the Queen of Night then, fortunately, being up and at the full. The company separated at a moderately early hour after supper, not until they had imbibed a sufficiency of cordial potations in honour of Hymen, as well as of Bacchus. After they were all gone, when all lights in the house had been extinguished save only one in the principal upper chamber, a policeman on duty near the building was attracted to the spot by a sound of song in a voice which seemed rather husky — perhaps with emotion. There he found an elderly gentleman, singing, and accompanying himself on a guitar, at two o’clock in the morning. It was Mr. John Joseph Anderson serenading Mrs. Anderson under her window.

    Keyword Tags : prose, narrative, marriage, family, class, youth and age, spectacles and entertainment, gender, Britain, personal relationships, music and songs, holidays and celebrations, house and home, finances, food and drink, love, ancient languages and culture, alcohol, parks and gardens

    A SOLICITOR’S LOVESUIT.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh ("written by PL") in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    W hen a fellow’s young and stupid
    By deceitful little Cupid
    He is what you may call dupèd
       Very oft.

    And ’tis true I thought old Kitty
    In her young days mighty pretty.
    Beauty fades, ah, what a pity !
       I was soft.

    But I knew, if I could get her
    Linked with me in Wedlock’s fetter,
    That I very much should better
       My estate.

    - 174 - {f.174} That determined me to woo her,
    Therefore did I make up to her,
    And proceed to court and sue her.
       Poor old Kate !

    Her I sent a declaration,
    With a regular attestation,
    Of regard and admiration.
       Signed and sealed.

    And my letter, with its heading,
    “Doe and Roe,” suggested wedding.
    To her heart, my way thus threading,
       I appealed.

    Her reply was an admission
    Entertaining my petition ;
    Placing me in a position
       Free to move.

    So, with purpose to make clearance
    Of all let or interference,
    Next I put in an appearance,
       Making love.

    And whereas ’twas business we meant,
    When the draft of an agreement
    Upon matrimonial cement
       She had scanned.

    Then I prayed consent ; she gave it.
    I had knelt me down to crave it ;
    And I made an affidavit
       On her hand.

    There was very little more said
    Ere I, not to be divorcèd
    Until death to the aforesaid,
       Fast was tied.

    - 175 - ↑ {f.175} First I served her with a summons
    On a writ from Doctors’ Commons.
    “Ah, you lawyers are such rum ones !”
       Kitty cried.

    With the inward satisfaction
    Of the winner of an action
    I concluded our transaction
       At the shrine,

    Alias altar, hymeneal.
    There with personal and real
    Property in simple fee all
       Made her mine.

    Keyword Tags : poetry, rhyme, marriage, law and order, finances, land and property, personal relationships, love, youth and age, fashion and beauty

    A LETTER FROM BOSHNIA.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr R F Sketchley in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.[Comment by SL] : This purported letter on the structure and organisation of the Bosnian government likely alludes to the ethnic tensions that were rising in in this late period of Ottoman rule in the region. Although not likely to be anticipated by British readers at the time of this volume's publication, these tensions would culminate in the Herzegovina Uprising that broke out in the summer of 1875. The narrative mocks the Ottoman Empire's sovereignty over Bosnia in this period and broadly rehearses Western European stereotypes regarding Muslim tyranny and oppression. For further information on nineteenth-century Bosnia, see Edin Hajdarpasic, Whose Bosnia?: Nationalism and Political Imagination in the Balkans, 1840–1914 (Cornell University Press, 2015).

    Boshnia, May 3. My dear Aunt Elizabeth, —

    I do not forget my promise to write to you so soon as I found myself comfortably settled in Boshnia.

    This is the strangest country I have ever been in, and it is impossible to compress into a single letter all the wonderful things I have seen and heard since I landed on the 1st of last month. But I will jot down one or two matters which I think will interest you and Uncle Abraham.

    I was fortunate enough to arrive just in time to witness the Coronation — at least what we should call a Coronation — but here the ceremony is known as the Wigging. I will - 176 - {f.176} explain. The King is the only man in Boshnia who can wear a wig. He is distinguished from all other Boshnians by his wig ; and until it has been placed on his head by the Archoracle, assisted by the Lord Great Chatelaine and the Hereditary Grand Perruquier, he cannot cut off the heads of his subjects, or exercise any other sovereign rights. There have been various dynasties — the black, the brown, the auburn, and the silver grey. The present one is the bright red dynasty, and the royal wig, an exquisite work of art, was exhibited for several days before the Wigging in the apartments of the Grand Perruquier. If the sovereign happens to be a queen, then just in the same way no woman is allowed to wear a wig during her reign. A regular establishment is maintained for the royal wig. There is the Keeper of the Wig, and the Controller of the Wig, and the Usher of the Wig, and the Secretary to the Wig, and I am afraid to say how many more officials, all men of good families with handsome salaries and uniforms.

    The capital was splendidly illuminated on the night of the Wigging, and the brilliancy of the public buildings — particularly the Houses of Palaver, the Courts of Jokes and Laughter, Somersault House, the Gilt Hall, the Bank of Boshnia, the Pretty Museum, the Fashionable Gallery, the College of Slang, the Single and Married Club, and the Nonentity Club — excited general applause and admiration.

    The Government is paternal — what, perhaps, we should consider meddling — as I discovered the morning after I arrived. I was giving directions about dinner to my landlady, when she informed me that she was bound, under a heavy penalty, to submit what I had ordered to the Secretary of State for Health and Happiness, without whose certificate that my dinner was in no way likely to impair my digestion, she dare not serve it up.

    She then went on to tell me that a name could not be given to a child until it had been sanctioned by the Licenser of Names ; that the Royal Academy of Harmony determined what airs should be popular ; that all the young people of both sexes were obliged to be indoors by a certain hour in - 177 - {f.177} the evening ; and that bad temper was punished, the first offence with compulsory attendance at three sermons by the Court Chaplains on three successive Sundays, the second with an hour’s call from one of the public bores every day for a month, and the final transgression with perpetual banishment to the penal settlement of Irritabilia. This last piece of information enabled me to understand why almost everyone I met looked smiling and good-humoured.

    I will only mention one other instance of the paternal character of the Government. There is a regular staff of officers dressed in uniform, whose duty it is to visit the country districts, with boxes of lozenges, which they administer to any sheep they may meet with a bad cough, and also to see that the poultry, when they retire to roost on wet nights, are carefully wrapped up in their waterproofs.

    The population is coloured according to taste, some being black, others white, but the majority invisible green. The nobility are very ancient, tracing back their pedigree to the Pyramids, and all of them of the best blue blood, which is kept exclusively for private circulation. They are fond of luxurious living, and my most intimate friend, the son of the Inspector-General of Auxiliary Verbs — he has to-day been entered at the principal university, at Stationers’ Hall — assures me that at their dinner-parties it is no uncommon occurrence for a whole ox to be stewed down for a single tureen of strong soup. I can speak from experience of the delicious fairy-fed pork and sweet-pea soup.

    When the Boshnians want a holiday, they go away, and shut up the country. It is still unfinished, but they are working very hard, and hope to have it completed for the King to open on his next birthday. The roads are all private and confidential, and gold and silver pheasants, birds of Paradise, and the most gorgeous peacocks, are as common here as sparrows and swallows at home. Very little rain falls, and thirty drops in a night is looked upon as a phenomenon, and specially noticed in the Barometer-General’s Report.

    I meant to have told you much more about Boshnia and - 178 - ↑ {f.178} the Boshnians — their illuminated watches, by means of which they can tell the time in the dark ; the queer combinations of trades — one man being a confectioner and jeweller (I know Uncle Abraham will make a joke about paste), another a hatter and fishmonger ; the sheep all with monograms tastefully embroidered on their flanks, and the cattle with their horns and tails gilded ; the carriages with four horses outside and two in ; and many other curious facts — but the mail balloon is on the point of starting, so I must wind up for the present, with love to yourself, and my uncle, and dear Nora, to whom I will write next time.

    Your affectionate Nephew, William Wildspin.

    P.S. — I have written this letter, as you will see, in the ordinary European way. Here they almost always write in short-hand, in treacle, on gallipots.

    Keyword Tags : race and ethnicity, hair, royalty, GLAM, faith and religion, health and medicine, food and drink, holidays and celebrations, birds, meteorology and climate, letters, Europe, government, politics, animals, humour, fashion and beauty, family, law and order, geography, prose, narrative, international, travel and tourism, spectacles and entertainment, work, vehicles and transportation, war

    “ONLY A FACE AT THE WINDOW.”[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Francis Burnand in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (A New Notion of a Popular Ballad.)

    O nly a face at the window —
     Only a face, nothing more ;”
    The look of the eyes as they met mine
     Made me exclaim, “Oh, lor !”
    The nose was a beautiful pinky,
     The eyes were a lovely green.
    I said to myself, like winky,
     “Such a face was never yet seen.”

    “Only a face at the window —
     Only a face, nothing more.”
    No other things in the window.
     For business was done and o’er.
    I longingly looked at the window,
     And then I went in to ask.
    ’Twas the last they had, said the Shopman,
     This Fifth of November Mask.

    Keyword Tags : poetry, rhyme, commerce and trade, humour, music and songs, holidays and celebrations, health and medicine

    ↑ - 179 - {f.179} A FEMALE PHILHARMONIC.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    One way to get the disabilities of women removed is the display of their abilities. The inequality of women to men is argued, for one thing, on the alleged ground that, whereas ladies are very generally taught music, comparatively few of them attain to musical eminence. Considering this, certain of the most powerful-minded of the sisterhood now at work in asserting the rights of their sex, have, it is said, made arrangements for a series of instrumental concerts to be given during the Session of the Social Science Congress in 1875, by a band of exclusively female performers.

    From the programme of the pieces to be given at these entertainments, quadrilles, waltzes, dance music in general, and comic opera, are carefully excluded. The performances will consist wholly of selections from the works of the great masters of the higher style of composition commonly called “classical.” Playing, literally, for the rights of women, the ladies of their band will let men know how they can execute, for instance, Beethoven’s Sinfonia Eroica ; and to show the rather in what a serious spirit they have entered on their undertaking, the first concert, devoted to Handel, will commence with the “Dead March” in Saul.

    It is possible that many even of those pitiable men who have no music in their souls will nevertheless be attracted to the Female Concerts by the novel and pleasing spectacle which will be presented by an orchestra filled with ladies, all, of course, attired in the most becoming and fashionable - 180 - ↑ {f.180} costume, co-operating in harmonious effort under the direction of their conductress gracefully wielding her bâton.

    The frequenters of the Monday Popular Concerts have had the advantage of hearing a lady who — like William in Black-Eyed Susan[Comment by SL] : Written by British playwright Douglas Jerrold (1803-1857), this popular play was first performed in 1829 at the Royal Surrey Theatre, though earlier versions have been dated back to the eighteenth century. A Victorian melodrama, it became particularly well known for its nautical-themed music and dialogue. For further information on the play's performance history, see Paula M. Morgan, 'E. L. Davenport and "Black-Eyed Susan:" A Musical Episode in Nineteenth-Century Theatre,The Princeton University Library Chronicle 48, no. 1 (1986): 21–37. — “plays the fiddle like an angel.” But a feminine fiddler playing first-fiddle will be something quite new, and so will be the sight of ladies performing on the violoncello and double-bass. These instruments, also the big drum and the kettle-drum, the ophicleide and the trombone, will afford peculiar scope for the capabilities of those superior women who, with musical skill and mental energy, combine extraordinary muscular strength and a commanding figure. It is understood that one lady remarkable for all these advantages will at each of the feminine Philharmonic Concerts perform a solo on the bassoon.

    Keyword Tags : gender, voting, spectacles and entertainment, music and songs, fashion and beauty, society, politics, government, narrative, prose, humour, writers and literary culture, disability

    THESEUS AND THE MINOTAUR.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    There is a Maze at Hampton Court, there was a Maze at Crete.
    A monster dwelt secluded in its innermost retreat.
    In those days there were dragons, Ichthyosaur and Plesiosaur ;
    The Python, and the Hydra, and the grisly Minotaur.

    “Thou object, to whose lair at last my path I’ve threaded through
    This many-winding labyrinth, thank Ariadne’s clue,
    Have I found thee ?” cried Prince Theseus — not yet Duke of Athens full —
    “Thou abominable hybrid, half a man and half a bull ?

    “Yah ! thou carnivorous Ruminant, that cud of flesh dost chew,
    Thou twofold cannibal that boys and beef devourest too !
    Snoring and snorting liest thou there — and shammest sleep, may be —
    Behold another victim ! — try if thou canst eat up me

    - 181 - {f.181} “Get up !” He spoke, and kicked him, as he lay upon the ground,
    As hard as Briton e’er kicked wife with high-lows ironbound.
    The Minotaur sprang to his feet, and roared with such a power
    Of thunder, that the strongest beer throughout all Greece turned sour.

    Full butt, with nostrils breathing smoke, and bull’s eyes flashing flame,
    He with his horns at Theseus went, who caught him by the same.
    They closed in mortal grapple — Man and Monster held their own,
    Till they wrestled for the final fall, when Minotaur was thrown.

    Up groggy came the Minotaur, again to charge his foe ;
    His peepers were occluded, and his nostrils ran Bordeaux.
    Again he charged the Hero, but his nob the mighty son
    Of Ægeus into Chancery got, and punched away like fun.

    “Go it, Ægides !” shouted Zeus from Olympus, and the odds
    Were ten to one on Theseus up amongst the immortal gods,
    As, from their chariots in the clouds impending o’er the spot,
    They cheered him, whilst the Minotaur he gave it hot and hot.

    Still game, the enormous Monster one last wild attack essayed ;
    He lowered his head, he lashed his tail, and at Theseus, bellowing, made.
    The Hero, leaping, ’scaped the plunge, alighted on his chine,
    And drew his dirk, and drave it in betwixt his head and spine.

    - 182 - ↑ {f.182} Slap bang ! down went the Minotaur, and died without a roar ;
    Then Theseus flayed him, and his hide to Athene’s City bore ;
    Stuffed and set up presented it to Pallas’s Museum,
    For a trophy and a specimen to grace the Athenæum.

    Keyword Tags : alcohol, ancient languages and culture, GLAM, rhyme, poetry, animals, Britain, Europe, humour, international, parks and gardens, war

    AN ACCIDENT THAT NEVER HAPPENS.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Beckett in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (A Pathetic Drama in One Scene.)

    Brown (a Gentleman, who expects a Friend by the 6.15 Train).Porter (an Official, who expects a Fee for any information that he may afford to the Public).Scene The deserted Platform of a Country Station on the Great East-Western Railway. Enter Brown, looking at his Watch.
    Brown.Just half-past six. My time is most excellent ! Ah, my dear friend Smith, the man I have not seen for years — since he was a lad and I a thoughtless youngster ! How Smith will rush into my welcoming arms fresh from the recently puffing train. I know the habits of this Line : if the 6.15 train arrives at eight, it will have done its journey bravely. More likely to be five hours late. What shall I do to while away the weary minutes ? Ah ! this many-coloured poster, telling in a comic guise of the beauties of an Indian Sauce and an Oriental Pickle, seems to be the broadsheet that is at once pleasing and instructive. I have now mastered the story of the Pickles ; now let me learn by heart the glories of the same.
    Porter.Nay, had I not heard it from this Station-Master’s lips, I could not have believed it. It seems to be some wondrous jest, some marvellous flight of drollery. Away these doubts ! — the Clerk in charge only keeps his “crammers” for the eager Public’s ears. For me his tongue is true as the day ’s long. Ha ! ha ! ha ! The story is no jest, but a stern reality ! Ha ! ha ! ha ! I never heard the like before !
    BrownAh, Official of the Loop Line, why so merry ?
    Porter.Strange but gentle Sir, I laugh at a joke known only to myself.
    Brown.Your well-selected words would argue that you have enjoyed the benefits of a good, perhaps costly education.
    Porter.You have guessed me rightly, Sir. I speak a score of tongues, understand mathematics, and can use the globes. I have to thank the School-Board and the good Company I serve for this. Out of the four-and-twenty hours that make the working-day, two-and-twenty the duties of the Company claim — but the remainder are my own ; one-hundred-and-twenty of the brightest minutes that I devote daily to food and sleep and education.
    Brown.Your story strangely interests me. You should be grateful to the Company that calls you servant.
    Porter.Indeed, Sir, and I am. But what can I do for you that will make you ask me, with a pleasant smile, to drink your Honour’s health ?
    Brown.I expect a friend by the 6.15 train.
    Porter.The 6.15 train !
    Brown.Why do you start ? Why do your lips tremble as if my words had power to move you strangely ?
    Porter.Fair Sir, the 6.15 train has had an accident.
    Brown.An accident ! Ah, my poor Smith ! and shall I never see thee again ! Art thou lost to me, with the five - 184 - ↑ {f.184} shillings that thou didst borrow of me ten years ago ! What was it ! Speak quickly ! Perhaps the accident was a collision ?
    Porter.No, Sir ; no.
    Brown.Nay then, the train ran off the rails ?
    Porter.Again, Sir, you are wrong.
    Brown.It tumbled over of its own accord ?
    Porter.You are not right, Sir — all your conjectures are erroneous.
    Brown.Speak, man, then, and tell me all. Do you not see that I die to know the worst ? Tell me, what was the accident that happened to the 6.15 train ?
    Porter.It arrived, for once, Sir, at the time advertised in Bradshaw,[Comment by SL] : The title Bradshaw refers to a series of travel guide books and published rail timetables. The first of these rail guides was published by the English catrographer, printer, and publisher George Bradshaw (1800-1853) in 1839. Titles under the Bradshaw name would nevertheless continue to circulate across the globe long after his death and up until 1961. and all the Passengers that came by it have long since departed.
    Keyword Tags : youth and age, food and drink, newspapers and periodicals, geography, education, mathematics, conversation and dialogues, prose, international, vehicles and transportation, travel and tourism, railways, work, jokes, humour, alcohol, tobacco and smoking

    GEMS FROM DR. WOT’S-HIS-NAME.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Collins in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    (A Word in the Game Season.)

    i.

    B irds in their little nests agree,
     Which ’tis their duty to ;
    But if you eat too many birds,
     They won’t agree with you.

    ii.

    How doth the little busy wapse
     Improve each shining hour,
    And gather lots of lollipops
     From every opening flower !

    iii.

    Gurgle, gurgle, little jar !
    How I wonder what you are :
    - 185 - ↑ {f.185} To my thirsty throat you’re dear,
    Whether wine you hold, or beer.

    iv.

    ’Tis the voice of the sluggard : I hear him complain,
    “What a horrible headache one gets from Champagne !”
    No wonder : the imbecile pours down his throttle
    Petroleum Champagne at a shilling a bottle.

    Keyword Tags : poetry, rhyme, birds, nature, animals, alcohol, food and drink, finances, hunting, health and medicine, insects

    LEARNING AND LABOUR ;[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.
    or, the line to choose in the good time fast coming.

    Scene — Coffee-room in superior Hotel. Pipes and Champagne. Grimes, Collier ; Smudge, Skilled Working-man.
    Smudge.Wot be thee a-go ’n to do wi’ thy buoy, Tom ? He’s more nor old enough to begin work.
    Grimes.Well, Bill, a dunnow. Yer see he’s a poor weakly lad ; and ’s give all his mind poot’ nigh to books. A ’m ’feard won’t never be able to do much for his self, poor lad. ’Spects a shall have to send ’n to school and college.
    Smudge.Wot to be ?
    Grimes.T’ only sort o’ thing he’s fit for. One of the wot they calls larned perfessions — a paason, lawyer, doctor, or summat o’ that sort. It can’t be helped. Ain’t strong enough, he ain’t, for nothink but hintellectual employment. A’m sorry for ’t, Bill. Doubt he’ll never be man enough for nowt much better than to go into t’ Church.
    Smudge.Wot, wen there’s sich a openin’ for him in the mine !
    - 186 - {f.186} Grimes.’Tis a sad job, Bill, a sad job.
    Smudge.Why, some paasons wages isn’t above a ’undred’underd-and-fifty a-year.
    Grimes.Too true, lad. And paasons can’t strike.[Comment by SL] : This dramatic scene offers a caustic critique of the miners who participated in a series of industrial disputes across England in the 1870s. According to James E. Cronin, 'the strike truly came into its own as workers’ preferred form of action in the 1870s' (150). In contrast to the claims of this scene, however, miners remained at a significant social and economic disadvantage to the professional classes during this period. For further information on working-class industrial action in the late nineteenth century, see Cronin's ‘Strikes and Power in Britain, 1870-1920,’ International Review of Social History 32 (1987): 144-167.
    Smudge.No. And a paason might be a curate all his life.
    Grimes.More like to than not.
    Smudge.Doctors isn’t much better off.
    Grimes.No. They don’t hardly make bread-and-cheese most on ’em — not now. Just as bad to be a doctor as a paason.
    Smudge.Doctors has got to keep up appearances as eats up most part o’ their income. Independent workin’ men needn’t live respectable unless they likes. Doctors must, whether they can ’ford to or no.
    Grimes.Ah ! ’tis hard lines for ’em, poor beggars. I pities ’em.
    Smudge.Then look at lawyers. Ben’t they as bad ? See how long they’ve got to wait for clients — ten, fifteen, p’r’aps twenty years, and some their whole life long.
    Grimes.Ay, sure enough, we hears o’ many as stays briefless barristers, as the say’n’ is, all their born days.
    Smudge.Well, Tom ; but, a say, ain’t there no chance o’ the buoy gett’n’ a bit stronger by-’n-by ?
    Grimes.Well, to be sure the doctor do give some little hopes — says there’s no know’n’ but good med come o’ change o’ hair. So, yer see, we’re a-goin’ to send t’ lad over to somewhere in Germany — I forgets the ’xact name — but a place for the bad ’uns a fancy the doctor said, and see wot the waters ’ll do for ’n. Anyhow, a ’ll try all a can that he shan’t have to go into a beggarly perfession, wen as a collier the buoy might be gett’n’ his fifty pound a week. But wot must be must, that’s all. It’s no use worry’n’, as I tells t’ ould ’ooman. Fill thy glass wooll ’ee, Bill, and shove over t’ fizz.
    Smudge.The poor buoy’s better health, Tom.
    Keyword Tags : education, work, faith and religion, health and medicine, law and order, gender, society, dialects and accents, family, alcohol, food and drink, finances, conversation and dialogues, children, youth and age

    ↑ - 187 - {f.187} THE SPECTRE OF THE SEA.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Percival Leigh in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    I was off the Peak of Teneriffe, the waves ran mountains high ;
    Now bore us down to Ocean’s bed, now heaved us to the sky.
    Beneath her bare poles scudding, still the good ship held her own :
    When it blazed and roared and blew and poured in the fury of the mad cyclone.

    There broke a light out up aloft as dazed each sailor’s eye.
    A fire-drake big as the full moon flew slap athwart the sky.
    And then there was revealed a sight which turned the boldest pale
    A Dutch-built ship, three-decker, and she carried every sail.

    Shiver my timbers, douse my glims, if I say what isn’t true,
    And may I be doomed ne’er one more quid of bacca for to chew ;
    But we see her go by in the hurricane with all of her canvas spread,
    And a boy with a umbereller put up a-sittin’ at her mast-head !

    Keyword Tags : poetry, rhyme, geography, maritime, commerce and trade, meteorology and climate, international, astronomy, tobacco and smoking

    MIRRIGOLD’S PECULIARITY.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr R F Sketchley in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    My friend Cæsar Augustus Mirrigold had a peculiarity, a characteristic, an idiosyncrasy which marked him off from all other men I have ever known. It did not betray itself in his dress, or demeanour, or manners, or opinions ; it was perfectly inoffensive and harmless both to himself and everybody around him ; and, so far as my observation extends, it was thoroughly original and unique.

    My friend’s peculiarity lay in his exclamations ! They were totally unlike ordinary every-day exclamations — By Jove ! Good Gracious ! Fancy ! Indeed ! and a host more — such as you may hear any hour and in any quarter of the - 188 - {f.188} globe. They were also of frequent occurrence, for Mirrigold did not confine these outbursts to earthquakes, explosions, revolutions, and dreadful tragedies, but enlivened the commonest incidents of life with their quaint combinations.

    If I met him in the street and asked him how he was, his answer would be, “Butter-milk and trumpets ! never better in my life — how are you, my boy ?” Or, if I expressed a hope that Mrs. Mirrigold was well, he would reply, “Rivers and racecourses ! capital, old man, thank you !”

    Usually these exclamatory bursts had no sort of connection in themselves, so that the most subtle discoverer of analogies would have been defied by them ; and would have abandoned as hopeless the attempt to account for the co-existence in the same sentence of such lusus linguœ as “Crocodiles and snowdrops !” “Raspberries and ringlets !” — Mirrigold was partial to alliteration — “Cooks and fairies !” “Cauliflowers and Proselytes !” — all which novel conjunctions I heard fall from his lips, as prefaces to the most ultra-commonplace remarks, in the course of an afternoon walk from Charing Cross to Temple Bar.

    They were also equally irrelevant to the observations to which they were the introductory flourishes. Happening one day to tell him I had lost a favourite dog, his commiseration for my trouble was thus expressed, “Whales and whelks ! how sorry I am, poor ‘Grim’ !” and on another occasion, when I had asked him what he thought of the theory that he and I and all our common acquaintances were each of us only a large party of atoms, he answered “Salmon and smiles ! I don’t know what to think about it.”

    Mirrigold’s invention in this particular line — for I am obliged to acknowledge that nothing else which he said or did ever showed a tinge of originality — seemed inexhaustible, for he never repeated himself, never uttered the same exclamation twice. With one exception. There were certain great days and festivals in the course of the year, on which, if you chanced to encounter him, he always made a point of accosting you with exactly the same formula. On Valentine’s Day it would be “Hares and Cupids ! how tired the postman - 189 - ↑ {f.189} must be !” ; on the Fifth of November, “Gunpowder and treacle ! this makes me think of when I was a boy ;” on the first day of Term, when it was his invariable custom to go to Westminster to see the Courts opened, “My wigs and wisdom ! I never saw the Hall so full in all my life ;” and on Lord Mayor’s Day, which he had never missed since he was the height of the chimney-piece, you might have safely betted all you possessed that Mirrigold would not let the procession go by without exclaiming, “Gog and Magog ! what a magnificent sight !”

    My old friend emigrated to Australia a few years back, but I hear from him occasionally, and his letters are as full of these original exclamations as his conversation used to be : the postscript to his latest communication ran thus — “Codfish and Kangaroos ! I am three stone heavier than I was when I saw you last.”

    Keyword Tags : London, food and drink, holidays and celebrations, hair, Australia, letters, animals, commerce and trade, narrative, prose, musings and observations, dialects and accents, humour, class, colonialism

    PORTRAITS OF ODD FELLOWS.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Collins in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    A man may be an Odd Fellow as well as a Freemason or a Forester. The Odd Fellows have, however, this great advantage over their rivals, that, although an Odd Fellow may not be a Roman Catholic, there is a Papal dispensation which enables a Roman Catholic to be an Odd Fellow. The Earl of Ripon, although no longer Grand Master of the Freemasons, has become an Odd Fellow.

    To give a scientific analysis of the leading varieties of Odd Fellows would be quite impossible at the present stage - 190 - {f.190} of the Darwinian theory. A few notes may, however, be of service to future philosophers.

    1. The Butterfly Hunter. — He is always running after those fair flutterers who fill the summer air with colour (from Howell and James’s) and odour (from Atkinson’s). A new variety delights him. He has been known to spend months in an attempt to capture that rare specimen, the Chignona aurea. He knows the best baits for the shyest species, and can select a diamond bracelet or a bouquet with as much power of adaptation as a trout-fisher has in selecting a fly. Still, the Butterfly is a shy creature, and cares not to lose the bloom from her beautiful wings, and pretty often eludes this particular kind of Odd Fellow.

    2. The Body Snatcher. — This variety does not, as might be supposed, haunt churchyards at the witching hour of night. His favourite haunt is Pall Mall or St. James’s Street, where — sad to say — he may be found on the steps and in the smoking rooms of the cheeriest clubs. Avoid him : he is dangerous. Your body is not your own in the presence of the Body Snatcher. He exclaims, “Now then, old fellow, come and dine with me at Richmond, and meet Lucian Gay” — or, “My yacht ’s at Cowes, and I want to run over to Guernsey and smuggle some tobacco, come along” — or, “The pheasants down at my place in Kent are waiting to be shot, and you remember that old Madeira, don’t you ?” — or, “My wife ’s got Lady Lucy Oldacre staying with her, and I know you’re spoons upon her” — or something else equally irresistible. From the Body Snatcher you cannot extricate yourself. It is vain to plead a previous engagement. Rather than not have you he will make you bring all your friends, even to your maiden aunt Tabitha, who is deaf and a Plymouth Brother.[Comment by SL] : A reference to the Plymouth Brethren, a nonconformist evangelical Christian movement that originated in Dublin, Ireland, in the late 1820s. Often regarded as religiously conservative in both the nineteenth century and the modern era, the Plymouth Brethren nonetheless identify as an inclusive and open faith community. For further information on the Plymouth Brethren, see Massimo Introvigne, The Plymouth Brethren (Oxford University Press, 2018). Ought not this species of Odd Fellow to be stamped out ?

    3. The Curiosity Collector. — This Odd Fellow is almost invariably of what policemen prefer to call, in Bow Street euphemism, the opposite sex. She does not collect old china, or oak cabinets, or forgotten books : no, this Odd Fellow likes odd fishes. If you have spent half your life in - 191 - {f.191} searching for the source of the Amazon ; if you have been in the habit of climbing mountains which nobody else was ever fool enough to try ; if you have written an epic poem ; if you have lived in a diving bell at the bottom of the Atlantic ; if you have discovered a method of communicating with the moon ; if you have ruined yourself by starting a rival journal to the Times or Punch ; the Curiosity Collector will magnetise you through her blue spectacles, and bring you into a hot room among bald men, long-bearded men, and flabby women of no recent date, and regale you with sandwiches of no recent date either, and with sherry that might have been just made on the premises from Chili vinegar and camphorated spirits of wine.

    4. The Company Promoter. — This Odd Fellow has usually a ruddy complexion, a clear eye, a voice like a bell — not the tintinnabulum of a small village church, but the tenor bell of a cathedral. The companies he promotes are sometimes City companies and sometimes West-end companies ; but they invariably have some slight connection with good dinners and old port wine. It is not quite certain that the company he promotes doth also promote digestion : but he seems to flourish into centenarianism without much trouble, though he must in his time have eaten an island of turtles and drunken a Windermere of punch.

    5. The Match Maker. — Another feminine Odd Fellow. Here we meet with two varieties. (a) The Match Maker who has a son or a daughter of her own who is to “marry money.” This class is not a pleasant one to analyse. Too often the son or daughter recalcitrates, or the Money to be married recalcitrates ; while, if the match is made, it sometimes turns out the most diabolical of Lucifer matches. (b) Quite the other way. An Odd Fellow who sees young folk admirably suited to each other, and does her best to bring them together in a quiet fashion. This variety of the Match Maker has knowledge of character, subtle tact, and a touch of poetry in her soul. Still, it is dangerous to “play Providence.”

    Keyword Tags : faith and religion, science, London, society, England, gender, poetry, maritime, alcohol, finances, youth and age, musings and observations, prose, love, personal relationships, travel and tourism, newspapers and periodicals, character, work, food and drink, family, marriage, spectacles and entertainment, tobacco and smoking, insects

    ↑ - 192 - {f.192} THE ECLIPSES OF 1875.[Comment by CLH] : Credited to Mr Collins in Punch Contributors Ledger, MS 88937/4/34, British Library Punch Archive.

    This year, by measuring ellipses,
    Punch finds there will be two eclipses.
    If, April 6th, you leave your attic
    For some warm region Asiatic,
    You’ll see the sun grow dark in heaven
    About the early hour of seven.
    And, on September twenty-nine,
    If it in Africa is fine,
    The same will happen, just as lunch
    Is being served to Mr. Punch.
    So, if you’re astronomic, roam :
    They who are wise will stay at home.
    Keyword Tags : almanack, meteorology and climate, astronomy, astrology, Asia, France, poetry, rhyme, finances, Mr. Punch, travel and tourism, geography, family, Africa